SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL In vitro anti
... galactolipids (MGDG-1, DGDG-1) were investigated. This is the first report on these compounds in I. parviflora. All extracts showed anti-hyaluronidase activity but only methanolic extract from fresh leaves exhibited significant activity against heat induced denaturation of BSA in a dose dependent ma ...
... galactolipids (MGDG-1, DGDG-1) were investigated. This is the first report on these compounds in I. parviflora. All extracts showed anti-hyaluronidase activity but only methanolic extract from fresh leaves exhibited significant activity against heat induced denaturation of BSA in a dose dependent ma ...
Gout
... Most therapeutic strategies for gout involve 1- lowering the uric acid level below the saturation point (<6 mg/dL), thus preventing the deposition of urate crystals. This can be accomplished by: 1.interfering with uric acid synthesis with allopurinol 2-increasing uric acid excretion with probenecid ...
... Most therapeutic strategies for gout involve 1- lowering the uric acid level below the saturation point (<6 mg/dL), thus preventing the deposition of urate crystals. This can be accomplished by: 1.interfering with uric acid synthesis with allopurinol 2-increasing uric acid excretion with probenecid ...
A VALIDATED ULTRA FAST LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR ASSAY Research Article
... its molecular weight was 345.42 and it was freely soluble in 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution. Omeprazole was a race mate. It contains a tricoordinated sulfinyl sulfur in a pyramidal structure and therefore can exist in equal amounts of both (S)- and (R)enantiomers. Omeprazole chemical structure is as ...
... its molecular weight was 345.42 and it was freely soluble in 0.1N sodium hydroxide solution. Omeprazole was a race mate. It contains a tricoordinated sulfinyl sulfur in a pyramidal structure and therefore can exist in equal amounts of both (S)- and (R)enantiomers. Omeprazole chemical structure is as ...
Mechanisms of common and important adverse drug reactions
... • Azathioprine, 6-MP detoxified by thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) • Genetic ↓ TPMT → toxicity, pancytopenia • Kits available for genotyping TPMT • Dose adjustments in pts can be life-saving ...
... • Azathioprine, 6-MP detoxified by thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) • Genetic ↓ TPMT → toxicity, pancytopenia • Kits available for genotyping TPMT • Dose adjustments in pts can be life-saving ...
Chemistry In Everyday Life
... because their binding sites have different shape, structure and aminoacid composition. Drugs that bind to the receptor site and inhibit its natural function are called antagonists. Drugs that mimic the natural messenger by switching on the receptors are called agonists. These are useful when there i ...
... because their binding sites have different shape, structure and aminoacid composition. Drugs that bind to the receptor site and inhibit its natural function are called antagonists. Drugs that mimic the natural messenger by switching on the receptors are called agonists. These are useful when there i ...
ISHIK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY
... the particles of the drug dissolve at different time intervals. ◦ Reduction in the frequency of administration of drug ◦ Maintenance of therapeutic effect for longer time. ◦ To some extent decreased incidence of undesired effects. ◦ Appropriate for drugs with short half lives (less than 4 hours) ...
... the particles of the drug dissolve at different time intervals. ◦ Reduction in the frequency of administration of drug ◦ Maintenance of therapeutic effect for longer time. ◦ To some extent decreased incidence of undesired effects. ◦ Appropriate for drugs with short half lives (less than 4 hours) ...
ANTIMICOBACTERIAL DRUGS
... MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE TB BY ENSURING THE FULL COURSE OF TREATMENT IS FOLLOWED. • A six month of drugs for DOTS costs US 11 dollars per patients in some parts of the world. The world Bank has ranked the DOTS strategy as one of the most cost effective of all health interventions. ...
... MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE TB BY ENSURING THE FULL COURSE OF TREATMENT IS FOLLOWED. • A six month of drugs for DOTS costs US 11 dollars per patients in some parts of the world. The world Bank has ranked the DOTS strategy as one of the most cost effective of all health interventions. ...
Injectable formulations
... prodrug will change the pharmacokinetics of the parent drug. For example, due to the gradual metabolism of the prodrug to form the active drug the onset time of the drug (i.e. the time required for the drug to reach minimum effective plasma concentration) will be delayed. Organic solvents and surfac ...
... prodrug will change the pharmacokinetics of the parent drug. For example, due to the gradual metabolism of the prodrug to form the active drug the onset time of the drug (i.e. the time required for the drug to reach minimum effective plasma concentration) will be delayed. Organic solvents and surfac ...
Proton pump inhibitor side effects and drug interactions: Much ado
... recommended prescribing a PPI when both clopidogrel and aspirin are used as dual antiplatelet therapy.4 However, recent studies have advanced the concern that cotherapy with a PPI reduces the effectiveness of clopidogrel. The pharmacologic basis for this interaction is that the two drugs share a c ...
... recommended prescribing a PPI when both clopidogrel and aspirin are used as dual antiplatelet therapy.4 However, recent studies have advanced the concern that cotherapy with a PPI reduces the effectiveness of clopidogrel. The pharmacologic basis for this interaction is that the two drugs share a c ...
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
... Reduce gastric acid by blocking H2 receptors of parietal cells in stomach Promote healing of ulcer by eliminating cause Also used to manage allergic reactions with H1 blockers (diphenhydramine) ...
... Reduce gastric acid by blocking H2 receptors of parietal cells in stomach Promote healing of ulcer by eliminating cause Also used to manage allergic reactions with H1 blockers (diphenhydramine) ...
Role of Alternative Medicine in Pandemic H1N1 Influenza
... some users. These dangerous side effects occur more commonly in children than in adults. This stems from cases in Japan, where the drug is most heavily prescribed, consuming 60% of the world's production. In March 2007, Japan's Health Ministry warned that oseltamivir should not be given to those age ...
... some users. These dangerous side effects occur more commonly in children than in adults. This stems from cases in Japan, where the drug is most heavily prescribed, consuming 60% of the world's production. In March 2007, Japan's Health Ministry warned that oseltamivir should not be given to those age ...
Drug Interactions
... • What CYP enzyme is involved in the metabolism of both these drugs ? • What possible interactions are there ? • Where can you find information on this interaction ? • Are there any case reports in the literature ? • How would you find these case reports ? ...
... • What CYP enzyme is involved in the metabolism of both these drugs ? • What possible interactions are there ? • Where can you find information on this interaction ? • Are there any case reports in the literature ? • How would you find these case reports ? ...
Acetylsalicylic acid
... seizures, metabolic acidosis, coagulopathy (clot formation), cerebral edema and dysrhythmias, as well as kidney failure may be observed [1]. Therapeutic blood concentration for adults is between 20 and 100 mg/l, whereas toxic concentration is between 150 and 300 mg/l. The minimum lethal blood concen ...
... seizures, metabolic acidosis, coagulopathy (clot formation), cerebral edema and dysrhythmias, as well as kidney failure may be observed [1]. Therapeutic blood concentration for adults is between 20 and 100 mg/l, whereas toxic concentration is between 150 and 300 mg/l. The minimum lethal blood concen ...
Control Mechanisms of the GI Tract
... the parietal cells in the stomach, thus reducing gastric acid secretion • Examples: – Cimetidine (Tagament®) – Ranitidine (Zantac®) – Famotidine (Pepcid®) ...
... the parietal cells in the stomach, thus reducing gastric acid secretion • Examples: – Cimetidine (Tagament®) – Ranitidine (Zantac®) – Famotidine (Pepcid®) ...
SULFONAMIDES and TRIMETHOPRIM
... • This drug is structurally similar to folic acid. • It is a weak base and is trapped in acidic environments, reaching high concentrations in prostatic and vaginal fluids. • A large fraction of trimethoprim is excreted unchanged in the urine. ...
... • This drug is structurally similar to folic acid. • It is a weak base and is trapped in acidic environments, reaching high concentrations in prostatic and vaginal fluids. • A large fraction of trimethoprim is excreted unchanged in the urine. ...
PACKAGE INSERT TEMPLATE FOR ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID
... Gastric or duodenal ulcers or a history of gastrointestinal bleeding. Impaired liver and kidney function. Before surgery (including minor surgery such as dental extractions); the bleeding time can be prolonged. Habitual use of analgesics can lead to permanent kidney damage with the risk of kidney fa ...
... Gastric or duodenal ulcers or a history of gastrointestinal bleeding. Impaired liver and kidney function. Before surgery (including minor surgery such as dental extractions); the bleeding time can be prolonged. Habitual use of analgesics can lead to permanent kidney damage with the risk of kidney fa ...
Tuberculosis Chemotherapy
... • Excretion- nearly all of the drug is cleared by kidneys as they do not undergo significant metabolism. • Plasma half life– 1.5 – 3 hrs(24-48 hrs in renal insufficiency) ...
... • Excretion- nearly all of the drug is cleared by kidneys as they do not undergo significant metabolism. • Plasma half life– 1.5 – 3 hrs(24-48 hrs in renal insufficiency) ...
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS STUDY GUIDE 1. Name the following
... 26. Name a surfactant ( full name and abbreviation ) that is used as a laxative. What medical procedure frequent uses it as a “prep”? 27. Why are nonionic surfactants often combined with ionic surfactants? 28. What is the difference between anionic and cationic surfactants? 29. What are some of the ...
... 26. Name a surfactant ( full name and abbreviation ) that is used as a laxative. What medical procedure frequent uses it as a “prep”? 27. Why are nonionic surfactants often combined with ionic surfactants? 28. What is the difference between anionic and cationic surfactants? 29. What are some of the ...
06 Gout
... uric acid level below the saturation point (<6 mg/dL), thus preventing the deposition of urate crystals. This can be accomplished by: 1.interfering with uric acid synthesis with allopurinol 2.increasing uric acid excretion with probenecid or sulfinpyrazone, large doses of aspirin 3.inhibiting leukoc ...
... uric acid level below the saturation point (<6 mg/dL), thus preventing the deposition of urate crystals. This can be accomplished by: 1.interfering with uric acid synthesis with allopurinol 2.increasing uric acid excretion with probenecid or sulfinpyrazone, large doses of aspirin 3.inhibiting leukoc ...
Pharmacokinetic processes: liberation
... reliable use of medicinal drugs. Most drugs are formulated into tablets or other forms of medicine. A formulation is a mixture, made to a specific recipe, of the active medicinal drug and one or more inactive substances. These inactive substances are called excipients. There are a number of reasons ...
... reliable use of medicinal drugs. Most drugs are formulated into tablets or other forms of medicine. A formulation is a mixture, made to a specific recipe, of the active medicinal drug and one or more inactive substances. These inactive substances are called excipients. There are a number of reasons ...
NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMATORY DRUGS(NSAIDS)
... Ibuprofen & all its congeners are better tolerated than aspirin . side effects are milder and their incidence is lower gastric discomfort , nausea ,and vomiting , though less than aspirin or indomethacin. CNS side effects include headache, dizziness. ...
... Ibuprofen & all its congeners are better tolerated than aspirin . side effects are milder and their incidence is lower gastric discomfort , nausea ,and vomiting , though less than aspirin or indomethacin. CNS side effects include headache, dizziness. ...
Alpha-Lipoic Acid Improved Polyneuropathy Symptoms
... Alpha-lipoic acid and its reduced metabolite, dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), form a redox couple and may scavenge a wide range of reactive oxygen species. Both alpha-lipoic acid and DHLA can scavenge hydroxyl radicals, the nitric oxide radical, peroxynitrite, hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorite. Alpha-li ...
... Alpha-lipoic acid and its reduced metabolite, dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), form a redox couple and may scavenge a wide range of reactive oxygen species. Both alpha-lipoic acid and DHLA can scavenge hydroxyl radicals, the nitric oxide radical, peroxynitrite, hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorite. Alpha-li ...
Urinary Antiseptics
... It is hexamethylenetetramine. The compound decomposes in water to form formaldehyde which is responsible for antibacterial activity. Acidification of urine is required for this decomposition. Methenamine mandelate is salt of mendelic acid and methenamine Methenamine Hippurate is salt of huppuric a ...
... It is hexamethylenetetramine. The compound decomposes in water to form formaldehyde which is responsible for antibacterial activity. Acidification of urine is required for this decomposition. Methenamine mandelate is salt of mendelic acid and methenamine Methenamine Hippurate is salt of huppuric a ...
Treatment of Gout Colchicine Allopurinol Probenecid
... kidney disease. Acute attacks are treated with indomethacin to decrease movement of granulocytes into the affected area; [Note: Aspirin is contraindicated, because it competes with uric acid for the organic acid secretion mechanism in the proximal tubule of the kidney.] ...
... kidney disease. Acute attacks are treated with indomethacin to decrease movement of granulocytes into the affected area; [Note: Aspirin is contraindicated, because it competes with uric acid for the organic acid secretion mechanism in the proximal tubule of the kidney.] ...
1 hour 05 Minutes
... emergency with Severe Hyperglycemia, Ketoacidosis and a blood pH of about 7.1; the most appropriate drug to control rapidly the severe Ketoacidosis is: a) Glyburide. b) Tolbutamide. c) Crystalline Zinc Insulin. d) Isophane Insulin. e) Ultralente Insulin. Q.60 A 45 year old patient of Type-II Diabete ...
... emergency with Severe Hyperglycemia, Ketoacidosis and a blood pH of about 7.1; the most appropriate drug to control rapidly the severe Ketoacidosis is: a) Glyburide. b) Tolbutamide. c) Crystalline Zinc Insulin. d) Isophane Insulin. e) Ultralente Insulin. Q.60 A 45 year old patient of Type-II Diabete ...
Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) block the gastric hydrogen potassium ATPase (H+,K+-ATPase) and inhibit gastric acid secretion. These drugs have emerged as the treatment of choice for acid-related diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcer disease.PPIs also can bind to other types of proton pumps such as those that occur in cancer cells and are finding applications in the reduction of cancer cell acid efflux and reduction of chemotherapy drug resistance.