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Reflexive Verben Theorie learning target rules
Reflexive Verben Theorie learning target rules

... "konzentrieren" is the reflexive verb of the sentence. "mich" (=> ich) is the object of the sentence although I must admit that's quite difficult to understand because how can somebody or something "being concentrated"? It's logical that somebody can wash me or move me or shave me but concentrate me ...
4B Ablative
4B Ablative

... subject of the participle does not appear in the main clause. 2) Thus the noun or pronoun of the ablative absolute should not appear in the main sentence. 3) Inasmuch as no present participle of sum exists in Latin, it is often simply to be understood in such constructions: Verre praetōre, omnēs tim ...
Absolute Clauses in the Literature
Absolute Clauses in the Literature

... clauses is nominative; it is participle because the logical predicate is always participial. Jespersen (1937: 126) considers that the two names are both inappropriate and consequently uses the term “nexus tertiary.” This is because the case in absolute clauses may also be accusative (Curme 1931: 154 ...
as a PDF
as a PDF

... As we compared the RSV with the Hebrew text, I began to note surprising phenomena. The RSV would translate the same verb form with different temporal meanings in English. The question then arose in my mind whether there would be any principled way of knowing why there are such different translations ...
The objective conjugation in Hungarian: agreement without phi
The objective conjugation in Hungarian: agreement without phi

... grammatical consequences, interacting with issues such as reference, pronoun binding, argument omission, and extraction. Despite those differences, it is not always obvious whether verb inflections in a given language are properly analyzed as pronominal affixes or agreement markers, and indeed this ...
THE SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS OF AND
THE SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS OF AND

... This study examined the nature of and-coordination in Kaonde. In order to meet this goal, the study sought, firstly, to identify conjuncts that are coordinated by and-equivalent in Kaonde. Secondly, the study sought to identify and-coordinators in Kaonde. That is, it tried to identify coordinators i ...
Introduction to the Subjunctive Mood
Introduction to the Subjunctive Mood

... The mood of a verb, sometimes known as its mode, indicates what type of role it plays in a sentence and/or the speaker's attitude toward it. For the most part, in English as well as Spanish, the most common verb mood is the indicative mood. In general, it is the "normal" verb form, indicating both a ...
Ellipsis in Farsi Complex Predicates
Ellipsis in Farsi Complex Predicates

... My second aim is to show that v-stranding VPE, despite showing surface differences with English VPE, does not differ significantly in its licensing requirements. Just like English VPE, v-stranding VPE requires: 1) the presence of an overt, tense inflecting head (Zagona 1982, Lobeck 1995), and 2) the s ...
COMPLEX SENTENCES AN ANALYTICAL GRAMMAR
COMPLEX SENTENCES AN ANALYTICAL GRAMMAR

... before objects. We can also say that verb phrases, unlike other sentence parts undergo a variety of changes — from the present tense to the past tense, for example, and from the active voice to the passive voice. Here are a couple of very short sentences that contain only a one-word subject and a on ...
Amis Noun Phrase Structures:
Amis Noun Phrase Structures:

... least two situations where the presence of the linker is required. First, when there is a series of prenominal modifiers that are connected by a, the last a (i.e. the one before the head) must be retained. See Liu (1999) for further explication on this point. Second, when there is an extraposition o ...
complete issue - FRITT
complete issue - FRITT

... based on her PhD thesis defended at ILOS in 2013. Her comparative study involves twelve different Slavic languages with examples taken from the ParaSol corpus. The different distribution of imperfective and perfective aspect in Slavic ...
to basic grammar rules
to basic grammar rules

... verbs, always take a reflexive pronoun after them. When ‘self’ is added to ‘my’, ‘your’, ‘him’, ‘her’, and ‘it’, and ‘selves’ to our and them – they are known as reflexive pronouns. He absented from the class. He absented himself form the class. 13. ‘Who’ denotes the subject and ‘whom’ is used for t ...
A Typology of Verbal Borrowings
A Typology of Verbal Borrowings

... The present volume is the revised version of my dissertation which was submitted to the Faculty of Philology of Leipzig University in January 2008 and defended in July 2008. This thesis took shape during the four years of the XXVIIIth Olympiad which I spent at the Department of Linguistics of the M ...
Russian Deverbal Nouns - Dipòsit Digital de la UB
Russian Deverbal Nouns - Dipòsit Digital de la UB

... or the result of that action. If nouns denoting processes are closer to verbs, nouns denoting a result, that is, a concrete or an abstract entity resulting from the action, are closer to nouns. Both result and event nouns inherit the argument structure of the base verb. These analyses of the lexical ...
Chapter ? Binding by Verbs: Tense, Person and Mood under Attitudes*
Chapter ? Binding by Verbs: Tense, Person and Mood under Attitudes*

... brackets. Note in particular that the bound pronoun h ex is in no way anaphoric to the matrix subject Gerd. If we compare this LF with that in (1), we discover that this kind of feature deletion cannot be subsumed straightforwardly under Feature Deletion as it is formulated in (5), because the princ ...
At the corner - WordPress.com
At the corner - WordPress.com

... § 4. Owing to the scarcity of synthetic forms the order of words, which is fixed in English, acquires extreme importance: The fisherman caught a fish. A deviation from the general principle of word order is possible only in special cases. § 5. One of the marked features of the English language is th ...
Practice Makes Perfect Spanish Verb Tenses, Second
Practice Makes Perfect Spanish Verb Tenses, Second

... Part I: The present tense The 12 chapters in Part I thoroughly cover verb usage in the present tense: basic conjugation of regular verbs, formation of questions, detailed information on the challenging verbs ser and estar (the verbs “to be”), use of the personal a, reflexive verbs, a host of irregul ...
Word order and information structure in Makhuwa
Word order and information structure in Makhuwa

... language is still the dominant language in the market place, at home, work and in the hospital, and it is also used in churches and mosques. The language has been classified by Guthrie (1948) as P.31. In earlier studies of (variants of) Makhuwa, its name has been spelt Makua, Macua, or Emakhuwa. The ...
Case Typology and Case Theory* 1. Overview of the Issues 2
Case Typology and Case Theory* 1. Overview of the Issues 2

... realized that the position to which nominative Case is assigned is a specifier. It was because of this conceptual difficulty, and the apparent split of Case assignment into government structures and SPEC-head agreement structures, that the now-current theory was developed in which all Case specifica ...
StudMon 9_title.indd
StudMon 9_title.indd

... the “multi-determinative” word in Egyptian certainly requires an explanation. Moreover, some words never take a determinative (see discussion below), and in some cases because of considerations of space determinatives are simply avoided. In this article, we will (§1) review some of the arguments fro ...
IRREGULAR VERBS
IRREGULAR VERBS

... Shrunken is an adjective that is used both before a noun and after a verb: a shrunken old woman; She now looked small, shrunken and pathetic. The programme’s audience has shrunk dramatically in the last few months. Note the film title: Honey I Shrunk the Kids. ...
Adverbs
Adverbs

... • Adverbs of manner tell “how much?” or “to what degree?” something occurs. • Adverbs of manner are often the ones that describe adjectives or other adverbs. Example: I am very tired. (To what degree am I tired? Very. “Very” is an adverb of manner.) Example: We were too sleepy to continue the activi ...
PowerPoint
PowerPoint

... As for null subjects: If the tree is just a VP, the subject can be omitted in its base position—it’s still in the specifier of the root.  If the tree is just a TP, the subject can be omitted from the normal subject position— note that this would be a finite verb with a null subject.  If the tree i ...
Japanese Revised edition
Japanese Revised edition

... (e.g. kokuban ‘blackboard’ < koku ‘black’ + ban ‘board’), except when such boundaries are crucial in the discussion as in the section on word formation. A hyphen is also used to separate a verbal noun from suru (benkyoo-suru ‘study’), and the -te form and the following auxiliary (tabete-iru ‘is eati ...
An Evaluation of Microsoft Word 97’s Grammar Checker
An Evaluation of Microsoft Word 97’s Grammar Checker

... makes an attempt, although not a very good one, at handling such errors after the verb to be. However, it is not programmed to catch objective personal pronouns used as subjects, as mentioned above, or subjective pronouns used as objects. The result is that the most common types of pronoun case erro ...
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Old English grammar

The grammar of Old English is quite different from that of Modern English, predominantly by being much more inflected. As an old Germanic language, Old English has a morphological system that is similar to that of the hypothetical Proto-Germanic reconstruction, retaining many of the inflections thought to have been common in Proto-Indo-European and also including characteristically Germanic constructions such as the umlaut.Among living languages, Old English morphology most closely resembles that of modern Icelandic, which is among the most conservative of the Germanic languages; to a lesser extent, the Old English inflectional system is similar to that of modern High German.Nouns, pronouns, adjectives and determiners were fully inflected with five grammatical cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, and instrumental), two grammatical numbers (singular and plural) and three grammatical genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter). First- and second-person personal pronouns also had dual forms for referring to groups of two people, in addition to the usual singular and plural forms.The instrumental case was somewhat rare and occurred only in the masculine and neuter singular; it could typically be replaced by the dative. Adjectives, pronouns and (sometimes) participles agreed with their antecedent nouns in case, number and gender. Finite verbs agreed with their subject in person and number.Nouns came in numerous declensions (with deep parallels in Latin, Ancient Greek and Sanskrit). Verbs came in nine main conjugations (seven strong and two weak), each with numerous subtypes, as well as a few additional smaller conjugations and a handful of irregular verbs. The main difference from other ancient Indo-European languages, such as Latin, is that verbs can be conjugated in only two tenses (vs. the six ""tenses"" – really tense/aspect combinations – of Latin), and have no synthetic passive voice (although it did still exist in Gothic).The grammatical gender of a given noun does not necessarily correspond to its natural gender, even for nouns referring to people. For example, sēo sunne (the Sun) was feminine, se mōna (the Moon) was masculine, and þæt wīf ""the woman/wife"" was neuter. (Compare modern German die Sonne, der Mond, das Weib.) Pronominal usage could reflect either natural or grammatical gender, when it conflicted.
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