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Generating Context-Appropriate Word Orders in Turkish
Generating Context-Appropriate Word Orders in Turkish

... arguments of the verb. The notation ::: is a variable which can unify with one or more elements of a set. The second type-raising rule indicates that a casemarked noun is looking for a verb on its left. fg-CCGs can model a strictly verb- nal language like Korean by restricting the noun phrases of th ...
acctg 527 -- comma usage – basics
acctg 527 -- comma usage – basics

... three or more items. A comma before the coordinating conjunction preceding the last item in the list is not formally required unless it is necessary to avoid confusion (as in Sentence (a). Note, however, that current practice prefers a comma before the coordinating conjunction even if confusion is n ...
commas - Bucks County Community College
commas - Bucks County Community College

... 1. As soon as I save enough money I intend to buy a car. 2. New Jersey which borders Pennsylvania on the east is famous for swamps and tomatoes. 3. It was only eleven o‟clock and the temperature had already reached ninety degrees. 4. “Drop the gun” the police shouted “and put your hands in the air!” ...
Carnets de Grammaire - CLLE-ERSS - Université Toulouse
Carnets de Grammaire - CLLE-ERSS - Université Toulouse

... luckily,   no   language   is   tyrannically   consistent.   All   grammars   leak.”   (Sapir   1921:   38).     Sapir   understood   that   a   perfect   language,   a  grammar   that  didn’t   leak, would never change. Not being far removed in time from the neogrammarians, he also understood well ...
RESTRICTING LOGIC GRAMMARS WITH GOVERNMENT
RESTRICTING LOGIC GRAMMARS WITH GOVERNMENT

... These rules come close to enforcing the regularity noted earlier: a relative clause has the structure of a relative pronoun followed by a sentence that is missing a noun phrase. What these rules say is that we can expand the relative node to a rel marker and a sentence s, and then expand the rel mar ...
putting up the resultant pdf online
putting up the resultant pdf online

... and AFOSR jointly under grant No. AFOSR-90-006, with additional support by DARPA grant No. N0014-85-K0018 and by ARO grant No. DAAL 03-89-C0031 PRI. Seed money was provided by the General Electric Corporation under grant No. J01746000. We gratefully acknowledge this support. ...
Содержание: Preface Chapter I. Grammar in the Systemic
Содержание: Preface Chapter I. Grammar in the Systemic

... content, together with the formal means through which they are expressed, are treated by grammarians in terms of "grammatical categories". Such are, for instance, the categories of number or mood in morphology, the categories of communicative purpose or emphasis in syntax, etc. Since the grammatical ...
MMM6 Proceedings - mediterranean morphology meetings
MMM6 Proceedings - mediterranean morphology meetings

... form of languages. As a result, a considerable number of interesting phenomena in spoken dialects of various languages are left without any consideration, and thus overlooked in morphological studies. As Anderwald and Kortmann (2002: 160) point out, the limitation to standard varieties is problemati ...
A Grammar of Proto-Germanic
A Grammar of Proto-Germanic

... treatment of the language from approximately 2500 B.C. to the beginning of our era. All linguistic components are taken into consideration. The pragmatic component is dealt with in the Introduction, and to some extent in chapter six (on semantics and culture), in which the semantic component is the ...
Practice - TeacherLINK
Practice - TeacherLINK

... • A declarative sentence makes a statement and ends with a period. Anna likes to listen to old music. • An interrogative sentence asks a question and ends with a question mark. Is she interested in classic rock? • An imperative sentence makes a request or gives a command and ends with a period. Tell ...
PETRARCH Documentation
PETRARCH Documentation

... Synonym sets (synsets) are labelled with a string beginning with & and defined using the label followed by a series of lines beginning with + containing words or phrases. The phrases are interpreted as requiring consecutive words; the words can be separated with underscores (they are converted to sp ...
- White Rose eTheses Online
- White Rose eTheses Online

... Two : Verbal Phrases (1) A. Verb Phrases ...
2- Achieving coherence through grammatical consistency
2- Achieving coherence through grammatical consistency

... A sentence is a word group that contains a subject and a verb and that expresses a complete thought. If it doesn’t contain a subject or mainly a verb, it is only a fragment. Sentence Fragments : The window in the kitchen. Complete Sentence : The window in the kitchen could not be opened. PRACTICE 1- ...
primary argument case-marking in baltic and finnic
primary argument case-marking in baltic and finnic

... genitive (-n) and locative cases (adessive -llA, ablative -ltA and allative -lle) may be used to mark agents: these usually have a more or less transparent adverbial background. The term accusative is not unproblematic in Finnic: first of all, no distinct accusative marker is used with plural NPs. ...
Chapter 9 Parsing Strategies
Chapter 9 Parsing Strategies

... the construction of a parse tree. For instance, when parsing bottom-up and depth-first, these strategies do not say which word in the input string we should start with. We could start with the first, but this is only one possibility. When parsing top-down, any of the possible constituents of the pre ...
Building event-based ad hoc properties: On the
Building event-based ad hoc properties: On the

... referred to was “trained” in Sweden and thus got used to drinking (lots of) alcohol. Both the modifier data in (14) and the compound data in (15) provide further support for the claim that adjectival passives are a means of creating more or less ad hoc a possibly complex adjectival predicate by whic ...
on the communicative value of the modern english finite verb
on the communicative value of the modern english finite verb

... can be established. Our specimens, however, reveal interesting differences between the two languages. Without attempting to generalize for the moment, we should like to point out that the phenomenon of distinct relief is being brought more prominently to notice in the English version of [1] than in ...
Title of paper - Semantics Archive
Title of paper - Semantics Archive

... referred to was “trained” in Sweden and thus got used to drinking (lots of) alcohol. Both the modifier data in (14) and the compound data in (15) provide further support for the claim that adjectival passives are a means of creating more or less ad hoc a possibly complex adjectival predicate by whic ...
Sentence diagram generation using dependency parsing
Sentence diagram generation using dependency parsing

... the difficulty of converting between dependency models. The options that have previously been presented for comparing dependency models are either too specific to be accurate (relying on annotation schemes that are not adequately parallel for comparison) or too coarse to be useful (such as merely ch ...
Lecture Notes: Chapter 3 - Web Hosting at UMass Amherst
Lecture Notes: Chapter 3 - Web Hosting at UMass Amherst

... there is a determiner present even in (7a), but that it is silent. This would allow for the possibility that Specifier of NP is obligatorily filled, accounting, then, for the ungrammaticality of (7c). Let’s leave the status of the specifier of NP open, for the moment. We’ll have a chance to revisit ...
BASIC KOREAN: A GRAMMAR AND WORKBOOK
BASIC KOREAN: A GRAMMAR AND WORKBOOK

... All Korean entries are presented in Hangul (the Korean alphabet) with English translations to facilitate understanding. Accordingly, it requires that learners familiarize themselves with Hangul in Unit 1, before going on to the rest of the book. In addition, when translating Korean entries into Engl ...
9. - Universität Erfurt
9. - Universität Erfurt

... grammaticalization can contribute anything towards their clarification. The various modes of contrasting different languages, including language typology and universals research, are discussed in the perspective of grammaticalization in ch. 7. Ch. 8 concentrates on the diachronic aspect of grammatic ...
The Textual Dimension Involved-Informational: A Corpus
The Textual Dimension Involved-Informational: A Corpus

... Language will be presented. Not too long ago, corpus analysis had been a long and tedious procedure which yielded only vague results, as the amount of analyzed data was limited by the manual approach. With the advent and rise of computers in linguistics, the new field of computational linguistic evo ...
X-BAR MOTIVATED
X-BAR MOTIVATED

... edible (even if disgusting) while the latter is not physically tangible And things get more complicated when we look at clausal complements. Ling 216 ~ X-Bar Motivated ~ Cherlon Ussery ...
Select this.
Select this.

... grammaticalization can contribute anything towards their clarification. The various modes of contrasting different languages, including language typology and universals research, are discussed in the perspective of grammaticalization in ch. 7. Ch. 8 concentrates on the diachronic aspect of grammatic ...
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Esperanto grammar

For Esperanto morphology, see also Esperanto vocabularyEsperanto is a constructed auxiliary language. A highly regular grammar makes Esperanto much easier to learn than most other languages of the world, though particular features may be more or less advantageous or difficult depending on the language background of the learner. Parts of speech are immediately obvious, for example: Τhe suffix -o indicates a noun, -a an adjective, -as a present-tense verb, and so on for other grammatical functions. An extensive system of affixes may be freely combined with roots to generate vocabulary; and the rules of word formation are straightforward, allowing speakers to communicate with a much smaller root vocabulary than in most other languages. It is possible to communicate effectively with a vocabulary built upon 400 to 500 roots, though there are numerous specialized vocabularies for sciences, professions, and other activities. Reference grammars of the language include the Plena Analiza Gramatiko (English: Complete Analytical Grammar) by Kálmán Kalocsay and Gaston Waringhien, and the Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko (English: Complete Handbook of Esperanto Grammar) by Bertilo Wennergren.
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