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Remarks on the Passive Voice in English and Romanian
Remarks on the Passive Voice in English and Romanian

... And here is the more detailed theoretical presentation of the overall picture of Voice, as its main elements are defined in The Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar: “voice. A grammatical category which in English provides two different ways (ACTIVE and PASSIVE) of viewing the action of the verb. Vo ...
On Double-Headedness and the Anatomy of the
On Double-Headedness and the Anatomy of the

... different, so one set must be picked over the other, in this case, the features of the verb. Suppose for the sake of discussion that these features are something like {+V, -N, +telic, +Acc. Case, /dE/}. Merge also creates a second VP from ‘play’ and the null object pro, labeling it with the features ...
Suppose, for instance, that the writer wants to achieve
Suppose, for instance, that the writer wants to achieve

... What is “that goes in and out with me” a. the first independent clause c. a subordinate clause, object of have b. a subordinate clause modifying shadow d. a subordinate clause modifying goes What is “and”? a. a coordinating conjunction c. a subordinating conjunction b. a relative pronoun d. a prepos ...
Boom and Whoosh: Verbs of Explosion as a
Boom and Whoosh: Verbs of Explosion as a

... that one encounters when organizing verbs into classes, mostly involving issues of polysemy and multiple membership across classes. Chapter Two - Semantic Verb Classes It is important to note that although the verbs of a given class may be synonymous with one another, perfect synonymy is not mandato ...
The dependency of the subjunctive revisited
The dependency of the subjunctive revisited

... corresponds to the realis (indicative) and irrealis (subjunctive) distinction; but the empirical problems with this division prompted refinements based on modality (Farkas, 1985, 1992a,b), nonveridicality (Giannakidou, 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999), model shift (Quer, 1998), illocutionary force (Rivero an ...
Resultatives and Depictives in Finnish 1
Resultatives and Depictives in Finnish 1

... argument must be assigned a unique grammatical function, the biuniqueness condition rules out sentences like (21a), where the adjectival and locative predicates are both interpreted as the resultative complement in the predicate argument structure of tickle. The Finnish example in (20) is an apparen ...
resdep - Semantics Archive
resdep - Semantics Archive

... biuniqueness condition rules out sentences like (21a), where the adjectival and locative predicates are both interpreted as the resultative complement in the predicate argument structure of tickle. The Finnish example in (20) is an apparent counterexample to such a restriction. If the translative is ...
Temporal Anteriority of the Arabic Perfect in Relative Clauses
Temporal Anteriority of the Arabic Perfect in Relative Clauses

... from grave inconsistencies in punctuation, quotation marks and paragraphing. The corpus is limited to the first five chapters, pp. 5-33. These chapters were chosen without consideration for their content, by simply taking a section starting with the beginning of the novel with a length appropriate t ...
Elena Mihas - Italian Journal of Linguistics
Elena Mihas - Italian Journal of Linguistics

... manner, direction, degree, aspect, reality status, mood and modality, locality, and tense categories. In addition, there are slots for person and subordination marking, as well as for pragmatic enclitics. Verbs are divided into transitive and intransitive and minimally have a person marker and a rea ...
A step-by-step introduction to the Government and Binding theory of
A step-by-step introduction to the Government and Binding theory of

... a. The subcategorized complements are always phrases. b. Heads and their maximal projections share features, allowing heads to subcategorize for the heads of their sisters (i.e. rely). 3. In general, specifiers are optional. Evidently, specifiers may be words or phrases. The following trees illustra ...
Word Order - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft
Word Order - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft

... One of the primary ways in which languages differ from one another is in the order of constituents, or, as it is most commonly termed, their word order. When people refer to the word order of a language, they often are referring specifically to the order of subject, object, and verb with respect to ...
Editorial: A Typology of Verbs for Scholarly Writing
Editorial: A Typology of Verbs for Scholarly Writing

... International (SilverPlatter). Onwuegbuzie and Frels (2010) documented that 95.6% of the mixed research articles contained the verb found, with an average of 6.60 instances of the verb found per article. Further, in a review of 33 mixed research articles that were identified by Mallette, Moffit, Onw ...
WRL3410.tmp - Princeton University
WRL3410.tmp - Princeton University

... In many of the acceptable examples 2-7, the verb semantically incorporates the theme argument, in the sense that the theme's existence and motion is entailed by the verb (cf. blow, spit, piss). The examples nonetheless stand as counterexamples to the Argument Realization Principle, since the princi ...
Shallow-Parsing Stylebook for German
Shallow-Parsing Stylebook for German

... the right part of the clausal frame but which is moved to the left of it in such a construction. Currently, VC E -Chunks are only recognized if no constituents intervene between the VC E -Chunk and the VC R -Chunk. The following letters in the name of the verb chunk correspond to the second and thir ...
Typology of Verbs for Scholarly Writing - Mid
Typology of Verbs for Scholarly Writing - Mid

... International (SilverPlatter). Onwuegbuzie and Frels (2010) documented that 95.6% of the mixed research articles contained the verb found, with an average of 6.60 instances of the verb found per article. Further, in a review of 33 mixed research articles that were identified by Mallette, Moffit, Onw ...
noun
noun

... Notice that nouns often make their plurals by adding an s, but verbs don’t. Why is this important? Because each sentence must be either about one thing or about more than one thing, and if the noun is singular but the verb is plural, then we can not tell! The number must show. Future verb tenses, ho ...
Serial Verbs in Ibibio - KU ScholarWorks
Serial Verbs in Ibibio - KU ScholarWorks

... The data in (5) show that one argument marker must prefix on to the verb, but if the markers are both vowels, only one may actually be realized. Either the subject or object marker is acceptable, but not both. ((5)b) shows that if the object is marked on the verb, the independent object pronoun nyIn ...
Investigating the abstractness of children`s early knowledge of
Investigating the abstractness of children`s early knowledge of

... development ; on the other side, is Fisher (2002 a, b) and a syntactic bootstrapping proposal. For Tomasello, children do not start out with abstract syntactic categories ; rather, grammatical structure builds around individual lexical items and these item-specific constructions only gradually become ...
i GRAMMATICAL DIFFERENCES IN SENTENCE STRUCTURE
i GRAMMATICAL DIFFERENCES IN SENTENCE STRUCTURE

... In the form Noun + Noun/ Noun Phrase of the nominal predicate patterns in Chinese, two nouns can be a sentence by simply adding them together. In contrast, a verb is required to make a sentence in English. For this form, it can be placed by the “be” patterns in most cases. Sometimes an English sent ...
A Brief History of Icelandic Weather Verbs
A Brief History of Icelandic Weather Verbs

... the search engine Google. This search aimed at verifying the attestation of the relevant verbs in Modern Icelandic, as well as their syntactic behavior and their ability to occur with an NP. The verbs are shown in Table 1, where they are classified according to semantic field, with additional inform ...
The Position of Direct and Indirect Objects of Ditransitive Verbs
The Position of Direct and Indirect Objects of Ditransitive Verbs

... Quirk et al.’s classification of clause patterns with verbs followed by complements ........ 4 Biber et al.’s classification of clause patterns ..................................................................... 5 Types of ditransitive complementation .............................................. ...
Studies in African Linguistics Volume 17, Number 3, December
Studies in African Linguistics Volume 17, Number 3, December

... bearing but segmentally non-specified vowel (a postulation that may have some historical justification). One should note that with verbs in grade 7, the ufinal grade, the L of the suffix does not result in a falling tone, e.g. dafuwaa 'being well cooked' « dafu) ,not *dafuwaa. There are two very dif ...
From Discourse to “Odd Coordinations” –
From Discourse to “Odd Coordinations” –

... see (6) below— with the interpretation of elided indefinites in structures like (4) and (5) above. Whereas in the case of Gapping the interpretation of the indefinite etwas (‘something’) remains constant irrespective of whether etwas is realized overtly or covertly —in both cases, etwas in the secon ...
1 Introduction
1 Introduction

... fragmentary early draft, do not cite without permission author’s email [email protected] ...
www.unige.ch
www.unige.ch

... indicated by the different status of the corresponding passive sentences and by the ordering of the PPs (arguments prefer to come first), as shown in (5) and (6). (5a) Elizabeth was baked a cake by Darcy (5b) *5 shillings/an hour were baked a cake by Darcy (6a) Darcy baked a cake for Elizabeth for 5 ...
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Navajo grammar

Navajo is a ""verb-heavy"" language — it has a great preponderance of verbs but relatively few nouns. In addition to verbs and nouns, Navajo has other elements such as pronouns, clitics of various functions, demonstratives, numerals, postpositions, adverbs, and conjunctions, among others. Harry Hoijer grouped all of the above into a word-class he called particles (i.e., Navajo would then have verbs, nouns, and particles). Navajo has no separate words that correspond to the adjectives in English grammar: verbs provide the adjectival functionality.
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