Area of Investigation - University of Zimbabwe Institutional Repository
... The researcher observed that there is a diglossic situation in Chakari. Fishman (1967) used the term to describe a situation in which two or more different languages are used in different situations in a society. One of the important features of diglossia is the specialisation of function for H (hig ...
... The researcher observed that there is a diglossic situation in Chakari. Fishman (1967) used the term to describe a situation in which two or more different languages are used in different situations in a society. One of the important features of diglossia is the specialisation of function for H (hig ...
Topics in English Syntax
... Topics in English Syntax – a complex sentence contains at least one full dependent clause which functions as a constituent and is introduced by a subordinating conjunction – subordinating conjunctions: after, although, as, as if, as/even though, because, before, how, however much, if, in order that ...
... Topics in English Syntax – a complex sentence contains at least one full dependent clause which functions as a constituent and is introduced by a subordinating conjunction – subordinating conjunctions: after, although, as, as if, as/even though, because, before, how, however much, if, in order that ...
Grammar Essentials 3rd Edition
... good, etc. These words and phrases are widely used in conversations between friends, but in business writing, they portray an attitude of familiarity that may cause your message to be taken less seriously than you intended or even insult your reader. A friendly, colloquial tone is fine in a personal ...
... good, etc. These words and phrases are widely used in conversations between friends, but in business writing, they portray an attitude of familiarity that may cause your message to be taken less seriously than you intended or even insult your reader. A friendly, colloquial tone is fine in a personal ...
Uncharacteristic Characteristics of the Iquito Adjective Class
... 2. The treatment of adjectives in the typological literature Much of the typological literature on adjectives focuses on the difficulty of defining an adjective class distinct from noun and verb classes, since adjectives frequently share characteristics with the language’s noun class or verb class, ...
... 2. The treatment of adjectives in the typological literature Much of the typological literature on adjectives focuses on the difficulty of defining an adjective class distinct from noun and verb classes, since adjectives frequently share characteristics with the language’s noun class or verb class, ...
The Clausal Complementation Portal
... English examples include want, hope (for), desire, need, covet, long for, and so forth. These are verbs that describe sensory experiences and may involve direct objects, prepositional objects or propositional objects (typically describing situations or actions, but also occasionally states). Some ve ...
... English examples include want, hope (for), desire, need, covet, long for, and so forth. These are verbs that describe sensory experiences and may involve direct objects, prepositional objects or propositional objects (typically describing situations or actions, but also occasionally states). Some ve ...
On the superficiality of Welsh agreement
... see.PAST.3SG Gwyn 3PL be they PRED lazy Gwyn said they were lazy. There is no clitic with a non-pronominal subject: ...
... see.PAST.3SG Gwyn 3PL be they PRED lazy Gwyn said they were lazy. There is no clitic with a non-pronominal subject: ...
A grammar of the Somali language with examples in prose
... used by Larajasse in his Dictionary, which leaves little room for improvement or addition. This book is indispensable to the student of Somali, or to anyone who wishes to examine the stories and songs given by Schleicher or myself. ...
... used by Larajasse in his Dictionary, which leaves little room for improvement or addition. This book is indispensable to the student of Somali, or to anyone who wishes to examine the stories and songs given by Schleicher or myself. ...
Comments on Abusch`s theory of tense
... tenses PAST and PRES as well, but with them, it is not obligatory. We may draw an analogy here to a well-known difference between the empty pronoun PRO and overt pronouns like he, she etc.: PRO can only be interpreted de se (which in Chierchia's analysis means it must be bound by the operator in Com ...
... tenses PAST and PRES as well, but with them, it is not obligatory. We may draw an analogy here to a well-known difference between the empty pronoun PRO and overt pronouns like he, she etc.: PRO can only be interpreted de se (which in Chierchia's analysis means it must be bound by the operator in Com ...
Язык. Константы. Переменные - Observatoire de linguistique
... — Inflection of L1 as a function of L2 (= agreement): none. — Inflection of L2 as a function of L1 (= government): none, if L2 is a noun; OBL(ique case), if L2 is a personal pronoun or the interrogative/relative pronoun WHO. The linear position of L2 with respect to L1 plus the full specification of ...
... — Inflection of L1 as a function of L2 (= agreement): none. — Inflection of L2 as a function of L1 (= government): none, if L2 is a noun; OBL(ique case), if L2 is a personal pronoun or the interrogative/relative pronoun WHO. The linear position of L2 with respect to L1 plus the full specification of ...
Greek Notes by Terry Cook
... able to make the most of the material. The design includes hundreds of “notes” from these textbooks on all the features of New Testament Greek that I felt might be important to a 2nd year Koine Greek student whose primary interest is the ancient Greek New Testament. I have provided information on sy ...
... able to make the most of the material. The design includes hundreds of “notes” from these textbooks on all the features of New Testament Greek that I felt might be important to a 2nd year Koine Greek student whose primary interest is the ancient Greek New Testament. I have provided information on sy ...
Au boulot! REFERENCE GRAMMAR QE FRENCH
... either affirmative or negative Subjects can be proper nouns, common nouns, pronouns, or something more complex, such as another sentence Predicates consist of a veri> and its complement, if any (For example, m "John whistles,* the verb whistks has no œmpkment, but in "John whistles a pretty time," i ...
... either affirmative or negative Subjects can be proper nouns, common nouns, pronouns, or something more complex, such as another sentence Predicates consist of a veri> and its complement, if any (For example, m "John whistles,* the verb whistks has no œmpkment, but in "John whistles a pretty time," i ...
Prosody Drives the Syntax: O`odham Rhythm
... Tohono O'odham (TO; formerly Papago) is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken in southern Arizona. It is a language with free word order, although there are some constraints on where certain elements may or may not appear. The two restrictions relevant for this paper are those placed on the g determiner and ...
... Tohono O'odham (TO; formerly Papago) is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken in southern Arizona. It is a language with free word order, although there are some constraints on where certain elements may or may not appear. The two restrictions relevant for this paper are those placed on the g determiner and ...
active voice - Cloudfront.net
... Voice is the form a transitive verb takes to indicate whether the subject of the verb performs or receives the action. When the subject of a verb performs the action, the verb is in the active voice. ...
... Voice is the form a transitive verb takes to indicate whether the subject of the verb performs or receives the action. When the subject of a verb performs the action, the verb is in the active voice. ...
VERBS AND OBJECTS IN SEMANTIC AGREEMENT: MINOR
... lexical areas languages may vary in this respect, although it would also seem natural to expect, for example, that if certain animals play a considerable role in a culture, the language might have predicates for the exclusive purpose of denoting the culturally most salient activities of these animal ...
... lexical areas languages may vary in this respect, although it would also seem natural to expect, for example, that if certain animals play a considerable role in a culture, the language might have predicates for the exclusive purpose of denoting the culturally most salient activities of these animal ...
Latin Rhetoric in the Signed Poems of Cynewulf
... influence a step further, when, admiring Heinzel's work on AngloSaxon style, he comments that the Latin influence should be investigated and points out the need for a study of tropes and figures. 2 Gottfried Jansen's study of the figures in Cynewulf's poetry appeared the same year, 1883, but provide ...
... influence a step further, when, admiring Heinzel's work on AngloSaxon style, he comments that the Latin influence should be investigated and points out the need for a study of tropes and figures. 2 Gottfried Jansen's study of the figures in Cynewulf's poetry appeared the same year, 1883, but provide ...
Verbal inflection and overflow auxiliaries
... into the derivation. The question for this type of approach is not in explaining why auxiliaries can appear, but in limiting them to those environments where no simple inflected verb exists: if auxiliaries are a freely-available way to introduce inflectional features into a derivation, there is no ...
... into the derivation. The question for this type of approach is not in explaining why auxiliaries can appear, but in limiting them to those environments where no simple inflected verb exists: if auxiliaries are a freely-available way to introduce inflectional features into a derivation, there is no ...
Lambrecht 2000
... In previous work (Lambrecht 1986, 1994) I have argued that the pragmatic structuring of propositions into presupposed and non-presupposed portions is done cross-linguistically in terms of a small number of types of focus articulation or , which correspond to different types of communi ...
... In previous work (Lambrecht 1986, 1994) I have argued that the pragmatic structuring of propositions into presupposed and non-presupposed portions is done cross-linguistically in terms of a small number of types of focus articulation or , which correspond to different types of communi ...
Adjective and attribution
... Modification of a referential concept produces an endocentric nominal expression. This kind of modification is attribution. At this point, we can propose a provisional definition of the adjective: An adjective is a member of a word class whose primary function is attribution. This definition of the ...
... Modification of a referential concept produces an endocentric nominal expression. This kind of modification is attribution. At this point, we can propose a provisional definition of the adjective: An adjective is a member of a word class whose primary function is attribution. This definition of the ...
Complex Feature Values
... which we will call a head-complement phrase, must be specified as [COMPS h i], because that mother must satisfy the description on the left-hand side of the rule.4 In short, the COMPS list of a lexical entry specifies a word’s co-occurrence requirements; and the COMPS list of a phrasal node is empty ...
... which we will call a head-complement phrase, must be specified as [COMPS h i], because that mother must satisfy the description on the left-hand side of the rule.4 In short, the COMPS list of a lexical entry specifies a word’s co-occurrence requirements; and the COMPS list of a phrasal node is empty ...
Nominalization in Yami*
... phrase. For example, dependent clauses (relative, complement and adverbial clauses) are used extensively to formally instantiate verb-based nominalization (Payne 1997). Comrie and Thompson (1985) found that some languages code their action nominals more like their noun phrases, while others code the ...
... phrase. For example, dependent clauses (relative, complement and adverbial clauses) are used extensively to formally instantiate verb-based nominalization (Payne 1997). Comrie and Thompson (1985) found that some languages code their action nominals more like their noun phrases, while others code the ...
Explaining the (A)telicity Property of English Verb Phrases
... the street) is best seen as a study of lexical aspect, that part of aspect that is determined by the verbal heads (Vendler; Dowty “Word Meaning”; Smith, Rothstein “Derived accomplishments”). It has also been argued that states and activities may be taken as atelic (unbounded) predicates and achievem ...
... the street) is best seen as a study of lexical aspect, that part of aspect that is determined by the verbal heads (Vendler; Dowty “Word Meaning”; Smith, Rothstein “Derived accomplishments”). It has also been argued that states and activities may be taken as atelic (unbounded) predicates and achievem ...
Danish: An Essential Grammar
... explained in a separate glossary of ‘Linguistic Terms’ at the end. The various tables and diagrams are intended to make the book easy to use; in many cases it will be possible for the learner to predict word forms and clause patterns from just a few rules. The ‘Index’ contains paragraph references b ...
... explained in a separate glossary of ‘Linguistic Terms’ at the end. The various tables and diagrams are intended to make the book easy to use; in many cases it will be possible for the learner to predict word forms and clause patterns from just a few rules. The ‘Index’ contains paragraph references b ...
Sentences - TeacherLINK
... • A sentence tells a complete thought. Every sentence begins with a capital letter. • A statement tells something. It ends with a period. I like big cities . • A question asks something. It ends with a question mark. Have you been to New York City ? • A command tells or asks someone to do something. ...
... • A sentence tells a complete thought. Every sentence begins with a capital letter. • A statement tells something. It ends with a period. I like big cities . • A question asks something. It ends with a question mark. Have you been to New York City ? • A command tells or asks someone to do something. ...
Introduction to WordNet: An On-line Lexical Database
... plank for board will seldom alter truth values in carpentry contexts, although there are other contexts of board where that substitution would be totally inappropriate. ...
... plank for board will seldom alter truth values in carpentry contexts, although there are other contexts of board where that substitution would be totally inappropriate. ...
Chinese grammar
This article concerns Standard Chinese. For the grammars of other forms of Chinese, see their respective articles via links on Chinese language and varieties of Chinese.The grammar of Standard Chinese shares many features with other varieties of Chinese. The language almost entirely lacks inflection, so that words typically have only one grammatical form. Categories such as number (singular or plural) and verb tense are frequently not expressed by any grammatical means, although there are several particles that serve to express verbal aspect, and to some extent mood.The basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO). Otherwise, Chinese is chiefly a head-last language, meaning that modifiers precede the words they modify – in a noun phrase, for example, the head noun comes last, and all modifiers, including relative clauses, come in front of it. (This phenomenon is more typically found in SOV languages like Turkish and Japanese.)Chinese frequently uses serial verb constructions, which involve two or more verbs or verb phrases in sequence. Chinese prepositions behave similarly to serialized verbs in some respects (several of the common prepositions can also be used as full verbs), and they are often referred to as coverbs. There are also location markers, placed after a noun, and hence often called postpositions; these are often used in combination with a coverb. Predicate adjectives are normally used without a copular verb (""to be""), and can thus be regarded as a type of verb.As in many east Asian languages, classifiers or measure words are required when using numerals (and sometimes other words such as demonstratives) with nouns. There are many different classifiers in the language, and each countable noun generally has a particular classifier associated with it. Informally, however, it is often acceptable to use the general classifier 个 [個] ge in place of other specific classifiers.Examples given in this article use simplified Chinese characters (with the traditional characters following in brackets if they differ) and standard pinyin Romanization.