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a Markup Language to Describe the Unlimited
a Markup Language to Describe the Unlimited

... than one subject, such as “the book written by the famous professor interests the students very much”, or “The book you give me today interests me very much.”, therefore there are also two corresponding leafs in the parsing tree for “verb” or for “subject”. This makes it difficult for the simple sea ...
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... an action or thought is seen. Indirect objects, for instance, show from whose perspective there was “benefit” in some act of giving. “She gave me a gift” means her giving of the gift was a benefit from my perspective because I was the recipient of her largesse. Likewise, datives with certain adjecti ...
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Dec 4, 2001

... Okay. The first one above has a sense of direction, meaning ‘go to a point’. So the iterative form has the meaning ‘go back to a point’, thus ‘come back’. Now the second of these combines the prefix n‰- with i- to get a meaning ‘rise up vertically’. So the iterative form of this verb has the meaning ...
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Chinese grammar



This article concerns Standard Chinese. For the grammars of other forms of Chinese, see their respective articles via links on Chinese language and varieties of Chinese.The grammar of Standard Chinese shares many features with other varieties of Chinese. The language almost entirely lacks inflection, so that words typically have only one grammatical form. Categories such as number (singular or plural) and verb tense are frequently not expressed by any grammatical means, although there are several particles that serve to express verbal aspect, and to some extent mood.The basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO). Otherwise, Chinese is chiefly a head-last language, meaning that modifiers precede the words they modify – in a noun phrase, for example, the head noun comes last, and all modifiers, including relative clauses, come in front of it. (This phenomenon is more typically found in SOV languages like Turkish and Japanese.)Chinese frequently uses serial verb constructions, which involve two or more verbs or verb phrases in sequence. Chinese prepositions behave similarly to serialized verbs in some respects (several of the common prepositions can also be used as full verbs), and they are often referred to as coverbs. There are also location markers, placed after a noun, and hence often called postpositions; these are often used in combination with a coverb. Predicate adjectives are normally used without a copular verb (""to be""), and can thus be regarded as a type of verb.As in many east Asian languages, classifiers or measure words are required when using numerals (and sometimes other words such as demonstratives) with nouns. There are many different classifiers in the language, and each countable noun generally has a particular classifier associated with it. Informally, however, it is often acceptable to use the general classifier 个 [個] ge in place of other specific classifiers.Examples given in this article use simplified Chinese characters (with the traditional characters following in brackets if they differ) and standard pinyin Romanization.
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