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Basic English Grammar with Exercises
Basic English Grammar with Exercises

... the speaker’s head to enable them to do this. As you can imagine, this is not always easy and there is a lot of room for differences of opinion. Some of us might tell you that that is exactly what makes linguistics interesting. There are however some things we can assume from the outset about the li ...
On Indefinite Subject NPs in Chinese
On Indefinite Subject NPs in Chinese

... On the other hand, in sentences (6b-d), the subject is in a QP structure; that is, ‘numeral + classifier + noun’. In contrast to bare noun subjects, the semantic reading of these QP subjects is a specific reference, not an indefinite reference. That means the speaker knows which referent s/he is tal ...
On degree phrases and result clauses Rijkhoek, Paulien Dea
On degree phrases and result clauses Rijkhoek, Paulien Dea

... Her friend picked the exact same colour, [quite independently of her own choice] ...
Document
Document

... Using Nominative Case Use nominative case when the personal pronoun is the subject of a verb. He sends e-mail messages to a customer in Spain. I use the telephone frequently, but she prefers to use e-mail. You can send an e-mail message to many people at once. It is inexpensive to use e-mail for com ...
Yearbook of Morphology
Yearbook of Morphology

... As proposed in Booij (1994), two types of inflection should be distinguished, inherent and contextual inflection. Inherent inflection is the kind of inflection that is not required by the syntactic context, although it may have syntactic relevance. Examples are the category number for nouns, compara ...
Kanza Reader
Kanza Reader

... and you will begin to recognize specific words and phrases. In time, you will even be able to recognize which story you are listening to without checking the book. Please note that the audio on the CD differs in one small respect from what one would expect; the gender of the voice recorded for the C ...
Can - E4Thai
Can - E4Thai

... Grammar is without a doubt one of the most daunting aspects of the English language, an area riddled with complexities, inconsistencies, and contradictions. It has also been in a state of flux for pretty much its entire existence. For native speakers of English, as well as for those learning it as a ...
Latin Rhetoric in the Signed Poems of Cynewulf
Latin Rhetoric in the Signed Poems of Cynewulf

... Latin sources, it may be seen that Cynewulf often departed considerably from his source in style and diction, though he rarely altered the basic narrative. ...
Sentences - TeacherLINK
Sentences - TeacherLINK

... • Statements and commands end with a period. Everyone can help. → statement Do your share. → command • A question ends with a question mark. Will you join us? → question • An exclamation ends with an exclamation mark. It’s now or never! → exclamation A. Read each sentence. Write S for statement, C f ...
Explorations of the Syntax-Semantics Interface
Explorations of the Syntax-Semantics Interface

... cosubordination construction. The second observation is that plural marking in the presence of a reference phrase can be analysed as an agreement phenomenon. The paper ‘Degree Expressions at the Syntax-Semantics Interface’ by Jens Fleischhauer is concerned with verb gradation. The goal of the paper ...
1. - CCC Learning Hub
1. - CCC Learning Hub

... 1. Tia loves Grandpa, but she does not  see him often. 2. He lives far away in Peru. 3. This summer her family will visit him. 4. Tia writes him a letter, and she mails it. B. Complete each sentence by adding a comma and a word from the word box. Use each word one time. ...
Old Nubian Relative Clauses
Old Nubian Relative Clauses

... “the singing man,” in the sentence “the singing man walks on the street,” which may alternatively be rendered as “the man that sings walks on the street.” The subject of the participle “singing” corresponds with the subject of the main verb “walks,” i.e., “man.” In Old Nubian, these constructions ca ...
putting up the resultant pdf online
putting up the resultant pdf online

... Word order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 ...
Progressive Aspect - Západočeská univerzita
Progressive Aspect - Západočeská univerzita

... compares these texts with each other concerning the progressive aspect. Four types of texts which are analyzed are following: administrative texts, literary texts, publicistic texts and scientific texts. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and the second part is pract ...
A discussion on the phases, semantics and syntax of aspect in the
A discussion on the phases, semantics and syntax of aspect in the

... Golian gave two examples showing that aspect is a lexical phenomenon. Indeed, he added the terminative (or effective) aspect, e.g. discrediter ‘discredit’ as opposed to the inchoative accrediter ‘accredit’. As a result, it is possible to say that words do express aspect. Steitberg is interested in t ...
Subordinate clauses, switch-reference, and tail-head
Subordinate clauses, switch-reference, and tail-head

... continuity that is found between the sentences that are linked by THL. A majority of (if not all) the languages that manifest THL use this device in contexts of high thematic continuity, that is within individual paragraphs. Some languages have in addition a formally distinct type of THL constructio ...
HIERARCHIES AND COMPETING GENERALIZATIONS IN SERBO
HIERARCHIES AND COMPETING GENERALIZATIONS IN SERBO

... therefore to be neuter plural. As for the semantic features, they are assumed to be needed in W&Z for explaining the facts of pronominal coreference: a personal pronoun in the nominative form referring back to braća can be either ona or oni (see ex. (7a)), since a pronoun agrees with its antecedent ...


... Nominative case for Actor and Accusative case for Patient in active sentence, or Dative for Addressee). Free modifications typically have different morphemic forms connected with their semantics. For example, a prepositional group na [on] + Accusative case typically expresses Direction, prepositiona ...
THE NOUN AND THE DICTIONARY IN TSHIVENDA BY SHUMANI
THE NOUN AND THE DICTIONARY IN TSHIVENDA BY SHUMANI

... followed because of the presence of a preprefix in these langauges. ...
Simplex and complex reflexives in French and Dutch
Simplex and complex reflexives in French and Dutch

... a ‘Doppelgänger’ context. For example, the sentence in (13a) below, where only zichzelf is appropriate, should be understood against a ‘Doppelgänger’ background in which Sally and Freddy went to the masquerade as literal cross-dressers: Sally dressed as Freddy, and Freddy as Sally. Similarly in (13b ...
Alexandra Anna Spalek Verb Meaning and Combinatory Semantics: A Corpus-Based Study of
Alexandra Anna Spalek Verb Meaning and Combinatory Semantics: A Corpus-Based Study of

... I thank Louise for teaching me how to do scientific work and not to die in the attempt. And yet what I most appreciate in her as an advisor were these ‘mummymoments’ when she understood that I was totally lost and would provide some simple advice, which converted a monstrous problem into a challeng ...
chapter 11 the preterit tense
chapter 11 the preterit tense

... Different Yo Forms in the Preterit Tense In Chapter 1, I discuss the spelling and pronunciation rules of Spanish. These rules are extremely consistent, and some times a conjugated form of the verb must change its spelling to maintain the correct pronunciation. This happens in the yo form of specific ...
Features, Syntax, and Categories in the Latin Perfect
Features, Syntax, and Categories in the Latin Perfect

... the features accounting for these two interpretations are distributed in the clause. As I cannot hope to address these here, I will simply use the feature [perf] as an abbreviation for relevant syntacticosemantic features. One further case is worth noting. In some cases the past participle with ‘be’ ...
Untitled
Untitled

... the relevant rules. These rules for computing the diVerent forms of lexemes are called rules of inXection. This example shows that dictionaries presuppose knowledge of relations between words. It is the task of linguists to characterize the kind of knowledge on which the awareness of the relation be ...
lm-8-answer-key - Hillside Education
lm-8-answer-key - Hillside Education

... their ideas out and revising them. Then they review all the papers after they have some distance from them. This is another great teaching moment. Look over all the writing, has there been improvement, what things were done really well, what things still need work. This is something a textbook can’t ...
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Portuguese grammar

Portuguese grammar, the morphology and syntax of the Portuguese language, is similar to the grammar of most other Romance languages—especially that of Spanish, and even more so to that of Galician. It is a relatively synthetic, fusional language.Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and articles are moderately inflected: there are two genders (masculine and feminine) and two numbers (singular and plural). The case system of the ancestor language, Latin, has been lost, but personal pronouns are still declined with three main types of forms: subject, object of verb, and object of preposition. Most nouns and many adjectives can take diminutive or augmentative derivational suffixes, and most adjectives can take a so-called ""superlative"" derivational suffix. Adjectives usually follow the noun.Verbs are highly inflected: there are three tenses (past, present, future), three moods (indicative, subjunctive, imperative), three aspects (perfective, imperfective, and progressive), three voices (active, passive, reflexive), and an inflected infinitive. Most perfect and imperfect tenses are synthetic, totaling 11 conjugational paradigms, while all progressive tenses and passive constructions are periphrastic. As in other Romance languages, there is also an impersonal passive construction, with the agent replaced by an indefinite pronoun. Portuguese is basically an SVO language, although SOV syntax may occur with a few object pronouns, and word order is generally not as rigid as in English. It is a null subject language, with a tendency to drop object pronouns as well, in colloquial varieties. Like Spanish, it has two main copular verbs: ser and estar.It has a number of grammatical features that distinguish it from most other Romance languages, such as a synthetic pluperfect, a future subjunctive tense, the inflected infinitive, and a present perfect with an iterative sense. A rare feature of Portuguese is mesoclisis, the infixing of clitic pronouns in some verbal forms.
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