1 The Distribution of Negative NPs and Some Typological
... d. ‘Hanako read no book.’ Hanako-wa dono hon-mo yoma-nak-atta. Hanako-Top any book read-Not-Past [Lit. I did not read any book.] In (4a-b), for example, negation is solely expressed by the postverbal particle nak, and the indefinite pronoun dare-mo would be suitably translated as ‘anybody’ or ‘every ...
... d. ‘Hanako read no book.’ Hanako-wa dono hon-mo yoma-nak-atta. Hanako-Top any book read-Not-Past [Lit. I did not read any book.] In (4a-b), for example, negation is solely expressed by the postverbal particle nak, and the indefinite pronoun dare-mo would be suitably translated as ‘anybody’ or ‘every ...
Wh Constructions * 1. Introduction
... triggered by the incremental satisfaction of a grammatical constraint known as the Theta Criterion. Under this approach, active gap creation is the result of parsing mechanisms that seek to maximize the satisfaction of lexical and grammatical constraints; gap creation is not an end in itself. Studi ...
... triggered by the incremental satisfaction of a grammatical constraint known as the Theta Criterion. Under this approach, active gap creation is the result of parsing mechanisms that seek to maximize the satisfaction of lexical and grammatical constraints; gap creation is not an end in itself. Studi ...
The Semantics of Russian Genitive of Negation: The Nature and
... These properties reflect cognitive structuring of the domains that we use language to talk about, and are not simply "given" by the nature of the external world. Correspondingly, all of them are properties with respect to which we find differences from language to language. There are two kinds of de ...
... These properties reflect cognitive structuring of the domains that we use language to talk about, and are not simply "given" by the nature of the external world. Correspondingly, all of them are properties with respect to which we find differences from language to language. There are two kinds of de ...
Topics in Corpus-Based Dutch Syntax Beek, Leonoor Johanneke
... double object constructions, but clashes with canonical word order in dative PP constructions. The Inherence Principle is related to the “natural constituent structure” (Vennemann, 1973). This principle, attributed to Renate Bartsch, states among other things that the closeness of constituents in th ...
... double object constructions, but clashes with canonical word order in dative PP constructions. The Inherence Principle is related to the “natural constituent structure” (Vennemann, 1973). This principle, attributed to Renate Bartsch, states among other things that the closeness of constituents in th ...
Grammar Essentials 3rd Edition
... Which of the following sentences would be more appropriate in a business communication? The answers and explanations follow the quiz. 1a. Josh is wishy-washy. 1b. Josh is indecisive. 2a. It was agreed upon by the editorial department that Maria would lead all meetings with the design team for the pu ...
... Which of the following sentences would be more appropriate in a business communication? The answers and explanations follow the quiz. 1a. Josh is wishy-washy. 1b. Josh is indecisive. 2a. It was agreed upon by the editorial department that Maria would lead all meetings with the design team for the pu ...
- MIT Press Journals
... The morphological/phrasal scope conflict of affixes is not particular to morphologically rich languages. Semantic composition of affixes in morphologically simpler languages poses problems with word (narrow) scope of inflections. For instance, fake trucks needs the semantics (plu(fake truck)), which ...
... The morphological/phrasal scope conflict of affixes is not particular to morphologically rich languages. Semantic composition of affixes in morphologically simpler languages poses problems with word (narrow) scope of inflections. For instance, fake trucks needs the semantics (plu(fake truck)), which ...
Omission of the primary verbs BE and HAVE in - (BORA)
... about the corruption and decay of the English language, and adolescent verbal behaviour is allegedly among the worst cases in this respect. This attitude has its basis in the belief that non-standard varieties of English are inferior to standard English and fit the description 'bad' or 'ungrammatica ...
... about the corruption and decay of the English language, and adolescent verbal behaviour is allegedly among the worst cases in this respect. This attitude has its basis in the belief that non-standard varieties of English are inferior to standard English and fit the description 'bad' or 'ungrammatica ...
(2) and (4) - Kirkwall Grammar School
... My father drives the car. The car is driven by my father. Both these sentences say the same thing and yet there is a subtle difference between them. In the first sentence, the subject 'My father' is the doer of the action. In the second sentence, the subject ‘the car' is the receiver of the action. ...
... My father drives the car. The car is driven by my father. Both these sentences say the same thing and yet there is a subtle difference between them. In the first sentence, the subject 'My father' is the doer of the action. In the second sentence, the subject ‘the car' is the receiver of the action. ...
NEW FIRST STEPS IN LATIN
... learning differences. They experienced great difficulty with the layout and presentation of their textbook, an inhouse reprint of Francis Ritchie’s Second Steps in Latin, which was first published in 1898 and issued in revised editions until 1978. The textbook’s age was not the problem. Ritchie’s venera ...
... learning differences. They experienced great difficulty with the layout and presentation of their textbook, an inhouse reprint of Francis Ritchie’s Second Steps in Latin, which was first published in 1898 and issued in revised editions until 1978. The textbook’s age was not the problem. Ritchie’s venera ...
Lexicalising a robust parser grammar using the WWW
... assign linguistic structures to text sentences and are used with some success in various applications, such as information extraction, question answering systems, word sense disambiguation, etc. Most of them are reported to have good accuracy, sometimes above 90% precision in the recognition of some ...
... assign linguistic structures to text sentences and are used with some success in various applications, such as information extraction, question answering systems, word sense disambiguation, etc. Most of them are reported to have good accuracy, sometimes above 90% precision in the recognition of some ...
Baule SVCs: Two distinct varieties of missing objects.
... The natural question that arises, is why it is possible for Baule to drop objects. Baule does not have object agreement, which is considered to license null object pronouns in other languages (Huang 1984). A interesting candidate for an account, is Farrell's (1990) account of Brazilian Portuguese. H ...
... The natural question that arises, is why it is possible for Baule to drop objects. Baule does not have object agreement, which is considered to license null object pronouns in other languages (Huang 1984). A interesting candidate for an account, is Farrell's (1990) account of Brazilian Portuguese. H ...
3 Speech act distinctions in syntax
... imperative restricted to second person logical subjects that indicates the speaker’s wish to inhuence the addressee‘s actions. A second parameter that might distinguish languages involves higherorder affinities among the various basic sentence types. ln Blackfoot, for example, questions and denials ...
... imperative restricted to second person logical subjects that indicates the speaker’s wish to inhuence the addressee‘s actions. A second parameter that might distinguish languages involves higherorder affinities among the various basic sentence types. ln Blackfoot, for example, questions and denials ...
Reconstructing Proto-Indo-European Deponents
... c. (Some) verbs of motion d. Deadjectival and denominal stative and inchoative verbs e. (Some) verbs of speech and communication In languages whose non-active endings are traditionally called “middle”, these verbs are called media tantum (Lat. “middle only”) verbs. It is an unfortunate practice that ...
... c. (Some) verbs of motion d. Deadjectival and denominal stative and inchoative verbs e. (Some) verbs of speech and communication In languages whose non-active endings are traditionally called “middle”, these verbs are called media tantum (Lat. “middle only”) verbs. It is an unfortunate practice that ...
Portuguese Syntax
... of non-terminal node can be rewritten as a sequence of non-terminals and terminals (words or word classes). Noun phrases, for instance, could be rewritten as a chain of optional articles, pronouns and adjectives followed by a noun. With a complete set of rewriting rules a generative constituent gram ...
... of non-terminal node can be rewritten as a sequence of non-terminals and terminals (words or word classes). Noun phrases, for instance, could be rewritten as a chain of optional articles, pronouns and adjectives followed by a noun. With a complete set of rewriting rules a generative constituent gram ...
Portuguese Syntax
... of non-terminal node can be rewritten as a sequence of non-terminals and terminals (words or word classes). Noun phrases, for instance, could be rewritten as a chain of optional articles, pronouns and adjectives followed by a noun. With a complete set of rewriting rules a generative constituent gram ...
... of non-terminal node can be rewritten as a sequence of non-terminals and terminals (words or word classes). Noun phrases, for instance, could be rewritten as a chain of optional articles, pronouns and adjectives followed by a noun. With a complete set of rewriting rules a generative constituent gram ...
Functions of the Czech reflexive marker
... Rather, we are dealing with a generic statement which resembles passive constructions in “downplaying” the agentive referent (i.e. the shoemaker or shoemakers). Indeed, constructions of the (4) type are commonly termed ‘reflexive passive’, although we will see below that another label may be more ap ...
... Rather, we are dealing with a generic statement which resembles passive constructions in “downplaying” the agentive referent (i.e. the shoemaker or shoemakers). Indeed, constructions of the (4) type are commonly termed ‘reflexive passive’, although we will see below that another label may be more ap ...
SOME NOTES ON ENGLISH AND SLOVAK PERSONAL PRONOUNS
... Not all languages have the same system of personal pronouns. In Hun garian, for example, gender is not distinguished, and there are special pronouns corresponding to the Slovak V Y when used to show respect (distinguishing number as well); special pronouns of respect exist in Spanish and in other l ...
... Not all languages have the same system of personal pronouns. In Hun garian, for example, gender is not distinguished, and there are special pronouns corresponding to the Slovak V Y when used to show respect (distinguishing number as well); special pronouns of respect exist in Spanish and in other l ...
Formal Syntax and Language Change
... future/generic ME: am, art, is vs beo ... present Sg Pl (later are) Wischer (2010: 222): b-form in OE more frequent in Pl than Sg; Petré 2013: 303: b- used in ME for pl indic So GMc mood > OE future > ME plural Currently: again mood-based, be, been, being ...
... future/generic ME: am, art, is vs beo ... present Sg Pl (later are) Wischer (2010: 222): b-form in OE more frequent in Pl than Sg; Petré 2013: 303: b- used in ME for pl indic So GMc mood > OE future > ME plural Currently: again mood-based, be, been, being ...
Grammar Conjunctions - Neshaminy School District
... INCORRECT: Tanya flew from Utah to Ohio, and then drove back. (The second phrase—then drove back—does not have a subject, so it is not an independent clause. Thus, the coordinating conjunction actually connects two verb phrases—flew from Utah to Ohio and then drove back—and the comma before the conj ...
... INCORRECT: Tanya flew from Utah to Ohio, and then drove back. (The second phrase—then drove back—does not have a subject, so it is not an independent clause. Thus, the coordinating conjunction actually connects two verb phrases—flew from Utah to Ohio and then drove back—and the comma before the conj ...
Learning Syntax — A Neurocogitive Approach
... Still under the heading of considering what it is that must be learned in order to have a command of the syntax of a language, let us next be explicit that syntax is concerned with combinations of lexemes and indeed with a hierarchy of combinations — phrases, clauses, sentences, etc. So we need to t ...
... Still under the heading of considering what it is that must be learned in order to have a command of the syntax of a language, let us next be explicit that syntax is concerned with combinations of lexemes and indeed with a hierarchy of combinations — phrases, clauses, sentences, etc. So we need to t ...
The Bamunka Noun Phrase
... Table 1: A-forms and B-forms............................................................................. 16 Table 2: Noun classes with no A-form/B-form distinction ................................. 16 Table 3: Noun classes in Bamunka ................................................................. ...
... Table 1: A-forms and B-forms............................................................................. 16 Table 2: Noun classes with no A-form/B-form distinction ................................. 16 Table 3: Noun classes in Bamunka ................................................................. ...
comprehension and recall of sentences
... used to link the eight noun pairs. The mediation model of Fig. 1 would suppose that the V term would become associated to four, two, or one different N2 terms, respectively, in the three cases; consequently, correct N2 recall to NI should increase the fewer the sentences in which a given V occurs. H ...
... used to link the eight noun pairs. The mediation model of Fig. 1 would suppose that the V term would become associated to four, two, or one different N2 terms, respectively, in the three cases; consequently, correct N2 recall to NI should increase the fewer the sentences in which a given V occurs. H ...
Fox (Mesquakie) Reduplication
... 1. Introduction. The purpose of this paper is to describe two formally distinct patterns of reduplication in the Algonquian language Fox (also known as Mesquakie) which have not yet received a thorough treatment.2 Of particularinterest is the interactionbetween the bisyllabic type of reduplication a ...
... 1. Introduction. The purpose of this paper is to describe two formally distinct patterns of reduplication in the Algonquian language Fox (also known as Mesquakie) which have not yet received a thorough treatment.2 Of particularinterest is the interactionbetween the bisyllabic type of reduplication a ...