The Passé Composé with Etre
... MOST verbs use part of Avoir to form the passé composé. BUT one group of 14 verbs use the present tense of Etre instead. Here is that list ...
... MOST verbs use part of Avoir to form the passé composé. BUT one group of 14 verbs use the present tense of Etre instead. Here is that list ...
Tagging and Parsing Icelandic Text
... made available for use in the research community, and should therefore encourage further research and development of NLP tools. ...
... made available for use in the research community, and should therefore encourage further research and development of NLP tools. ...
Fictive Motion in Spanish
... movements by evoking mental representations of motion. Thus, Matlock and Richardson (2004) presented participants with drawings of paths such as roads, rivers and pipelines. Then, they heard descriptions of these paths which involved either fictive motion or non-fictive motion sentences (e.g., the r ...
... movements by evoking mental representations of motion. Thus, Matlock and Richardson (2004) presented participants with drawings of paths such as roads, rivers and pipelines. Then, they heard descriptions of these paths which involved either fictive motion or non-fictive motion sentences (e.g., the r ...
doc - KISS Grammar
... “you” in sentences such as “Clean your room.” There are, however, other ways of looking at ellipsis. Any compound construction can be understood as involving ellipsis. Bill and Sarah went to the store. means “Bill went to the store,” and “Sarah went to the store.” The repeated words are simply ellip ...
... “you” in sentences such as “Clean your room.” There are, however, other ways of looking at ellipsis. Any compound construction can be understood as involving ellipsis. Bill and Sarah went to the store. means “Bill went to the store,” and “Sarah went to the store.” The repeated words are simply ellip ...
Select this.
... towards’ into the Spanish direct object marker a. It must be made clear at the outset that this treatment is preliminary, incomplete and imperfect. It presents little more than what has been found out in the two centuries in which the subject has been studied, and probably it contains even less than ...
... towards’ into the Spanish direct object marker a. It must be made clear at the outset that this treatment is preliminary, incomplete and imperfect. It presents little more than what has been found out in the two centuries in which the subject has been studied, and probably it contains even less than ...
UM_Sintaksis_(teorgrammatika)_022600_st
... There are two main levels which are traditionally distinguished in syntax: phrase level and sentence level. The two main units of syntax are correspondingly the phrase and the sentence. There are different definitions of the phrase in linguistic literature. One of them runs as follows: a phrase is e ...
... There are two main levels which are traditionally distinguished in syntax: phrase level and sentence level. The two main units of syntax are correspondingly the phrase and the sentence. There are different definitions of the phrase in linguistic literature. One of them runs as follows: a phrase is e ...
On the licensing and recovering of imperative subjects Melani Wratil
... rise to the suspicion that formally unmarked imperatives do license a syntactic subject. And a closer inspection of the inflectional morphology of imperativised verbs leads to the same conclusion. That is because many languages where imperative mood is not represented overtly exhibit number agreemen ...
... rise to the suspicion that formally unmarked imperatives do license a syntactic subject. And a closer inspection of the inflectional morphology of imperativised verbs leads to the same conclusion. That is because many languages where imperative mood is not represented overtly exhibit number agreemen ...
Evidence for very early Germanic
... The standard method in historical linguistics for rationally forming hypotheses about a past from which we have no direct evidence is the comparative method. Alas, the comparative method for the reconstruction of linguistic forms (lexical as well as grammatical) only reaches back some 8,000 years ma ...
... The standard method in historical linguistics for rationally forming hypotheses about a past from which we have no direct evidence is the comparative method. Alas, the comparative method for the reconstruction of linguistic forms (lexical as well as grammatical) only reaches back some 8,000 years ma ...
semantic analysis of english performative verbs
... several illocutionary points. For example, an alert is the conjunction of an assertion that some danger is imminent and of a directive suggestion to the hearer to prepare for action in order to avoid misfortune. (6) One must distinguish between speech act verbs like " order" and "promise " that are ...
... several illocutionary points. For example, an alert is the conjunction of an assertion that some danger is imminent and of a directive suggestion to the hearer to prepare for action in order to avoid misfortune. (6) One must distinguish between speech act verbs like " order" and "promise " that are ...
a syntactic analysis of the functions of to
... Education Study Program, Department of Language and Arts Education, Faculty of Teachers Training and Education, Sanata Dharma University. To-infinitive phrase may not be functioned as a main verb, but it may carry another syntactic category, either as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. However, it ...
... Education Study Program, Department of Language and Arts Education, Faculty of Teachers Training and Education, Sanata Dharma University. To-infinitive phrase may not be functioned as a main verb, but it may carry another syntactic category, either as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. However, it ...
对英语中歧义的初步研究
... at least ten years, I still can’t understand some sentences’ meaning well, which I usually misapprehend the ideas in reading. So I want to know more knowledge about ambiguity, then comprehend English meaning better. (2) During learning linguistic courses, I find I like this course, being eager to kn ...
... at least ten years, I still can’t understand some sentences’ meaning well, which I usually misapprehend the ideas in reading. So I want to know more knowledge about ambiguity, then comprehend English meaning better. (2) During learning linguistic courses, I find I like this course, being eager to kn ...
the nature and classification of idioms
... Idioms take many different forms or structures. They can be very short or rather long. A large number of idioms consist of some combination of noun and adjective, e.g., cold war, a dark horse, French leave, forty winks, a snake in the grass. Some idioms are much longer: to fish in troubled waters, ...
... Idioms take many different forms or structures. They can be very short or rather long. A large number of idioms consist of some combination of noun and adjective, e.g., cold war, a dark horse, French leave, forty winks, a snake in the grass. Some idioms are much longer: to fish in troubled waters, ...
MS Word - Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics
... and a formal notation for their specification using notions of systemic-functional grammar (SFG). In Section 2, we present the following list of functional regions identified in our study and described in this deliverable: Transitivity, Diathesis, Mood, Tense, Aspect, Clause complexity, Word order a ...
... and a formal notation for their specification using notions of systemic-functional grammar (SFG). In Section 2, we present the following list of functional regions identified in our study and described in this deliverable: Transitivity, Diathesis, Mood, Tense, Aspect, Clause complexity, Word order a ...
A comparative study of participles, converbs and absolute
... “Absolute constructions are temporal expressions with non-temporal heads. Normally, nominal expressions of time involve nouns that have some temporal dimension to their semantics, as in at dawn, on Monday, during the lecture. ACs on the other hand have as their heads nouns which do not denote events ...
... “Absolute constructions are temporal expressions with non-temporal heads. Normally, nominal expressions of time involve nouns that have some temporal dimension to their semantics, as in at dawn, on Monday, during the lecture. ACs on the other hand have as their heads nouns which do not denote events ...
The Grammar of Karipúna Creole
... Relationship between question words and clause roles ...................................... ...
... Relationship between question words and clause roles ...................................... ...
EVALUATING PART-OF-SPEECH TAGGING AND PARSING On the
... is a particular constituent configuration: for instance, the derivation of a noun phrase (NP) from a sentence constituent indicates that the NP has the subject function. Here is an example of constituent annotation from Monceaux, (2002) (translation: Jean looks like Paul ): [S [NP Jean] [VP [V resse ...
... is a particular constituent configuration: for instance, the derivation of a noun phrase (NP) from a sentence constituent indicates that the NP has the subject function. Here is an example of constituent annotation from Monceaux, (2002) (translation: Jean looks like Paul ): [S [NP Jean] [VP [V resse ...
On degree phrases and result clauses Rijkhoek, Paulien Dea
... That is to say, the adverb takes its modifiee as complement: I will refer to this hypothesis as the head approach. An advantage of Sportiche's (1994) proposal is that it makes a syntactic theory without adjuncts conceivable. That is to say, if modifiers are no longer adjuncts, base-generated adjunct ...
... That is to say, the adverb takes its modifiee as complement: I will refer to this hypothesis as the head approach. An advantage of Sportiche's (1994) proposal is that it makes a syntactic theory without adjuncts conceivable. That is to say, if modifiers are no longer adjuncts, base-generated adjunct ...
Pronominal clitic dependencies
... clitic/verb dependencies to decide whether it defines a new subclass or whether it should be assimilated to some previously identified of dependencies. In this domain various authors appear to substantially disagree with each other. Whether they actually do is not an easy matter to decide as most di ...
... clitic/verb dependencies to decide whether it defines a new subclass or whether it should be assimilated to some previously identified of dependencies. In this domain various authors appear to substantially disagree with each other. Whether they actually do is not an easy matter to decide as most di ...
yaqui coordination - University of Arizona
... Chapter Three of this work, and it is done in the sense of Langendoen (2003). I consider that the coordinator into ‘and’ is neither a head (Johannesen (998), Camacho (2003), among others) nor a clitic (Agbayani & Goldston, (2002)). The idea that coordination involves adjunction is held, for example, ...
... Chapter Three of this work, and it is done in the sense of Langendoen (2003). I consider that the coordinator into ‘and’ is neither a head (Johannesen (998), Camacho (2003), among others) nor a clitic (Agbayani & Goldston, (2002)). The idea that coordination involves adjunction is held, for example, ...
Unacceptable Ambiguity (1973)
... thank the three anonymous reviewers of this article for LinguisticInquiry,whose acute observations have made it possible to remove many of the inadequacies of-an earlier version. I have incorporated many of their suggestions without acknowledgment; I have also ignored many, and any errors which rema ...
... thank the three anonymous reviewers of this article for LinguisticInquiry,whose acute observations have made it possible to remove many of the inadequacies of-an earlier version. I have incorporated many of their suggestions without acknowledgment; I have also ignored many, and any errors which rema ...
struggling to retain the functions of passive when translating english
... The thesis abstract, as a genre has a set of communicative functions mutually-understood by established members of the academic community. A vast majority of translation studies of source language (SL) and target language (TL) equivalence seems to have overlooked the inherent relationship between fo ...
... The thesis abstract, as a genre has a set of communicative functions mutually-understood by established members of the academic community. A vast majority of translation studies of source language (SL) and target language (TL) equivalence seems to have overlooked the inherent relationship between fo ...
Notes on Demonstratives in Kutenai
... Despite the fact that the obviative forms nas ‘this’ and qus (qu÷s) ‘that (more distant) are the two most frequent demonstrative forms in the texts, there is not one clear instance of either of them occurring adnominally with a concrete noun, though there are instances with locational nouns (see bel ...
... Despite the fact that the obviative forms nas ‘this’ and qus (qu÷s) ‘that (more distant) are the two most frequent demonstrative forms in the texts, there is not one clear instance of either of them occurring adnominally with a concrete noun, though there are instances with locational nouns (see bel ...
Passive and passive-like constructions in English and Polish
... substantive properties. Therefore, the proposed classification will be based on morphosyntactic properties following from the analysis of grammatical functions and the internal structure of the predicate. The analysis of form is of most use in establishing initial classifications, as well as in unde ...
... substantive properties. Therefore, the proposed classification will be based on morphosyntactic properties following from the analysis of grammatical functions and the internal structure of the predicate. The analysis of form is of most use in establishing initial classifications, as well as in unde ...
Case and Agreement in Polish Predicates
... explains the origin of the accusative case on the predicative complement of the preposition: the subject of this predicative complement is not raised to the immediately higher (selecting) head za, but rather to a still higher head uważam. This, however, means that, although the complement of the pr ...
... explains the origin of the accusative case on the predicative complement of the preposition: the subject of this predicative complement is not raised to the immediately higher (selecting) head za, but rather to a still higher head uważam. This, however, means that, although the complement of the pr ...
english tenses
... extra-mural students of the English Department who study English independently, but it can also be used effectively by students of other departments who want to improve their knowledge of English tenses. The material is broken down into carefully arranged steps, followed by questions or other tasks. ...
... extra-mural students of the English Department who study English independently, but it can also be used effectively by students of other departments who want to improve their knowledge of English tenses. The material is broken down into carefully arranged steps, followed by questions or other tasks. ...
Lexical semantics
Lexical semantics (also known as lexicosemantics), is a subfield of linguistic semantics. The units of analysis in lexical semantics are lexical units which include not only words but also sub-words or sub-units such as affixes and even compound words and phrases. Lexical units make up the catalogue of words in a language, the lexicon. Lexical semantics looks at how the meaning of the lexical units correlates with the structure of the language or syntax. This is referred to as syntax-semantic interface.The study of lexical semantics looks at: the classification and decomposition of lexical items the differences and similarities in lexical semantic structure cross-linguistically the relationship of lexical meaning to sentence meaning and syntax.Lexical units, also referred to as syntactic atoms, can stand alone such as in the case of root words or parts of compound words or they necessarily attach to other units such as prefixes and suffixes do. The former are called free morphemes and the latter bound morphemes. They fall into a narrow range of meanings (semantic fields) and can combine with each other to generate new meanings.