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Argument Structure in the Verb Phrase (VP)
Argument Structure in the Verb Phrase (VP)

... Each event implies the involvement of role players. We therefore say that the verb assigns roles (we call them thematic roles, or theta-roles) to its arguments (the role players). According to the type of event referred to, the verb is combined with a number of arguments (including complements and t ...
passe compose vs. imparfait
passe compose vs. imparfait

... During the first year of French study, every student becomes aware of the troublesome relationship between the two main past tenses. The imperfect [je mangeais] translates to the English imperfect [I was eating] while the passé composé [j'ai mangé] literally translates to the English present perfect ...
Sentence Patterns – The Basic Five Before determining the
Sentence Patterns – The Basic Five Before determining the

... In pattern 2, the verb shows no action. As a matter of fact, the verb in this pattern is very much like an equal sign in a math problem or a link in a chain that that holds two things together. This type of verb is called a linking verb, and its function is to link the two nouns in this pattern. Com ...
Part of Speech Tagging and Lemmatisation for the Spoken Dutch
Part of Speech Tagging and Lemmatisation for the Spoken Dutch

... The basic CASE distinction is the one between ‘standard’ and ‘special’, corresponding resp. to forms without and with case suffix. The former can be further partitioned in nominative and oblique, and the latter in genitive and dative, but whether these finer-grained distinctions apply depends on the ...
the structure of sentences
the structure of sentences

... The structure of sentences • Syntax - the study of sentence structure – sentences constructed according to a system of rules summarised in a grammar - hence grammatical v. ungrammatical – the largest construction to which the rules of grammar apply – consists of one clause (simple sentence) or more ...
Sentences, Clauses and Phrases
Sentences, Clauses and Phrases

... V = verb (the action itself) / = “optional”  some verbs do not need an O, C or A O = object (a noun or pronoun that receives an action) C = complement (an adjective or noun that is the subject) A = adverbial (an adverbial that tells more about the action) ...
The infinitive phrase is part of the VERBAL family. That means that in
The infinitive phrase is part of the VERBAL family. That means that in

... 2. I wanted to send an email to my teacher and ask for an extra day on the assignment. (noun—direct object) 3. To sleep is the only thing I wanted at the moment. (noun—subject) 4. To sing at the Muny was her only ambition. (noun—subject) 5. She always has a book to read. (adjective) 6. Neil Armstron ...
Quick Reference: Parts of Speech
Quick Reference: Parts of Speech

... Personal pronouns change form to show how they function in sentences. Different functions are shown by different cases: nominative, objective, and possessive. For examples, see Section 2.1. A nominative pronoun is used as a subject or a predicate nominative in a sentence. An objective pronoun is use ...
Grammar Grammar helps to provide structure in communication
Grammar Grammar helps to provide structure in communication

... Present: The most common academic tense (is there a reason to discuss academic writing here?). Use it in the following ways:  To “frame” your paper: in your introduction, the present simple tense describes what we already know about the topic; in the conclusion, it says what we now know about the t ...
WORD - Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e Culture Straniere
WORD - Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e Culture Straniere

... 9. I found it hard to believe that he planned to found a new church. establish, or start 10. The rose bushes rose out of the fertile ground. a kind of flower 11. I won’t shed a tear if you tear my old shirt into shreds. rip 12. The dog was happy when you dropped the ground beef onto the ground. past ...
Verbs
Verbs

... • Future time is not the correct answer. A verb that tells about an action that is going to happen is in the future time. Use the helping verb will to show future time. ...
incomplete or missing participial phrases
incomplete or missing participial phrases

... Appositives are actually reduced adjective clauses. However, unlike adjective clauses, they do not contain a marker or a verb. Oak, which is one of the most durable hardwoods, is often used to make furniture. (adjective clause) Oak, one of the most durable hardwoods, is often used to make furniture. ...
Infinitives, Gerunds, Participles
Infinitives, Gerunds, Participles

... It was difficult for him to do the crossword. He had difficulty (in) doing the crossword. He found it difficult to do the crossword. He could hardly do the crossword. It took her an hour to prepare the meal. She took an hour to prepare the meal. Preparing the meal took her an hour. She spent an hour ...
Mary Blockley: Auzon Franks Casket
Mary Blockley: Auzon Franks Casket

... case and disambiguated if at all only by sense, because both the endingless masculine fisc and the u-declension masculine flodu are inflectionally nominative or accusative. Page (1973:1767), argues for subject–object–verb, in that flodu is accusative singular or plural unless very early. The left si ...
Study Sheet: Dossier #1 (Episode #1) - Request a Spot account
Study Sheet: Dossier #1 (Episode #1) - Request a Spot account

... (I’m going to tell him « hi » in passing.) The present participle is formed using the imperfect verb stem + ant: parlant, faisant, étant, etc. (The imperfect verb stem is formed from the « nous » form of the present tense, take off « ons ») There are some irregular verbs: ayant (avoir), sachant (sav ...
Grammar – Verbal Participial phrases When a participial phrase
Grammar – Verbal Participial phrases When a participial phrase

... comma only if the information is not essential to the meaning of the sentence  The school, destroyed by the scary monster, was never rebuilt (thankfully)  If the participial phrase is essential to the meaning of the sentence no commas should be used  The monster let loose inside the school was Mr ...
CHAPTER 7 - Analyzing English Grammar
CHAPTER 7 - Analyzing English Grammar

... It will be lying on its back there for the next 20 years. ...
Interface Explorations 1
Interface Explorations 1

... It is the aim of this article to show that an intermediate position should be taken: SCVs are constructional idioms, combinations of words with phrasal status, and yet created in the lexicon. Before this proposal will be defended in detail, we will first have a closer look at the ways in which parti ...
Micro-Skills - Tippie College of Business
Micro-Skills - Tippie College of Business

... Revised sentence: • In the middle of the meeting, Paul stood up and began shouting; this display terrified the visiting CEO, who dove beneath his desk. • In the middle of the meeting, Paul stood up and began shouting. This display terrified the visiting CEO, who dove beneath his desk. To pinpoint ru ...
REVIEW SHEETS FOR COMPASS WRITING SECTION Prepared by
REVIEW SHEETS FOR COMPASS WRITING SECTION Prepared by

... a computer tabulated the results. The writer did not mean that the computer took the COMPASS, but that after one or more students took the COMPASS, the computer tabulated the results. The parts of speech that function as modifiers are adjectives and adverbs. It is important to understand the differe ...
Lecture 04 - ELTE / SEAS
Lecture 04 - ELTE / SEAS

... The first two cases are difficult to explain as there are very similar verbs (give and tell) which do allow both dative and DO constructions The last case shows that the two constructions can mean different things ...
The Sentence and Its Parts
The Sentence and Its Parts

... 5. In that situation the house would stop the vacuum cleaner automatically. ...
Part of Speech Tagging and Lemmatisation for the Spoken Dutch
Part of Speech Tagging and Lemmatisation for the Spoken Dutch

... The basic CASE distinction is the one between ‘standard’ and ‘special’, corresponding resp. to forms without and with case suffix. The former can be further partitioned in nominative and oblique, and the latter in genitive and dative, but whether these finer-grained distinctions apply depends on the ...
Which Grade 6 Reading Standards of Learning will be tested
Which Grade 6 Reading Standards of Learning will be tested

... 3. To show plural possession, put an apostrophe after the s. Examples: the dogs' leashes, the students’ grades, the workers’ wages ...
(27)using approp. verb tense
(27)using approp. verb tense

... English has three simple tenses (past, present, and future) and three perfect tenses (present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect). In addition, each of these six tenses has a progressive form. SIMPLE TENSES The simple present tense is used primarily to describe habitual actions (Jane walks to ...
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Serbo-Croatian grammar

Serbo-Croatian is a South Slavic language that has, like most other Slavic languages, an extensive system of inflection. This article describes exclusively the grammar of the Shtokavian dialect, which is a part of the South Slavic dialect continuum and the basis for the Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian standard variants of Serbo-Croatian.Pronouns, nouns, adjectives, and some numerals decline (change the word ending to reflect case, i.e. grammatical category and function), whereas verbs conjugate for person and tense. As in all other Slavic languages, the basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO); however, due to the use of declension to show sentence structure, word order is not as important as in languages that tend toward analyticity such as English or Chinese. Deviations from the standard SVO order are stylistically marked and may be employed to convey a particular emphasis, mood or overall tone, according to the intentions of the speaker or writer. Often, such deviations will sound literary, poetical, or archaic.Nouns have three grammatical genders, masculine, feminine and neuter, that correspond to a certain extent with the word ending, so that most nouns ending in -a are feminine, -o and -e neuter, and the rest mostly masculine with a small but important class of feminines. The grammatical gender of a noun affects the morphology of other parts of speech (adjectives, pronouns, and verbs) attached to it. Nouns are declined into seven cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, vocative, locative, and instrumental.Verbs are divided into two broad classes according to their aspect, which can be either perfective (signifying a completed action) or imperfective (action is incomplete or repetitive). There are seven tenses, four of which (present, perfect, future I and II) are used in contemporary Serbo-Croatian, and the other three (aorist, imperfect and plusquamperfect) used much less frequently—the plusquamperfect is generally limited to written language and some more educated speakers, whereas the aorist and imperfect are considered stylistically marked and rather archaic. However, some non-standard dialects make considerable (and thus unmarked) use of those tenses.All Serbo-Croatian lexemes in this article are spelled in accented form in Latin alphabet, as well as in both accents (Ijekavian and Ekavian, with Ijekavian bracketed) where these differ (see Serbo-Croatian phonology.)
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