1 The Distribution of Negative NPs and Some Typological
... d. ‘Hanako read no book.’ Hanako-wa dono hon-mo yoma-nak-atta. Hanako-Top any book read-Not-Past [Lit. I did not read any book.] In (4a-b), for example, negation is solely expressed by the postverbal particle nak, and the indefinite pronoun dare-mo would be suitably translated as ‘anybody’ or ‘every ...
... d. ‘Hanako read no book.’ Hanako-wa dono hon-mo yoma-nak-atta. Hanako-Top any book read-Not-Past [Lit. I did not read any book.] In (4a-b), for example, negation is solely expressed by the postverbal particle nak, and the indefinite pronoun dare-mo would be suitably translated as ‘anybody’ or ‘every ...
Predicate 1. Introduction - Collier Technologies LLC
... `report’ (ʾal-xabar `report, comment’). The correspondence is imperfect because some nominal clauses are analyzed as topic-comment structures rather than as predications (Bakir 1980, Eisele 1999, Mohammad 2000), although this characterization continues to be debated (see Section 4 and →nominal claus ...
... `report’ (ʾal-xabar `report, comment’). The correspondence is imperfect because some nominal clauses are analyzed as topic-comment structures rather than as predications (Bakir 1980, Eisele 1999, Mohammad 2000), although this characterization continues to be debated (see Section 4 and →nominal claus ...
BASIC STEM OPPOSITIONS IN CAIRO ARABIC TRILITERAL VERBS
... The presentation of the basic stem verb’s power to express grammatical and lexical meanings directly or indirectly relatable to transitivity and intransitivity is not altogether easy. Apart from the pack of problems specific to etymological (primary) basic stem verbs, there is another one, still mor ...
... The presentation of the basic stem verb’s power to express grammatical and lexical meanings directly or indirectly relatable to transitivity and intransitivity is not altogether easy. Apart from the pack of problems specific to etymological (primary) basic stem verbs, there is another one, still mor ...
pptx
... Reflexive pronouns behave differently than “plain” pronouns: they are interpreted differently Jareth thought that Hoggle tricked himself. = Jareth thought that Hoggle tricked Hoggle. Jareth thought that Hoggle tricked him. = Jareth thought that Hoggle tricked Jareth. ...
... Reflexive pronouns behave differently than “plain” pronouns: they are interpreted differently Jareth thought that Hoggle tricked himself. = Jareth thought that Hoggle tricked Hoggle. Jareth thought that Hoggle tricked him. = Jareth thought that Hoggle tricked Jareth. ...
A brief grammar of euskara - Addi - University of the Basque Country
... where it is shown that it is not really a definite article ('the'), but very often it can be translated as such. In those examples where the determiner a was not the issue, and where its translation was indeed 'the', I have chosen to write 'the' in the gloss, so you can find it easily. Naming morphe ...
... where it is shown that it is not really a definite article ('the'), but very often it can be translated as such. In those examples where the determiner a was not the issue, and where its translation was indeed 'the', I have chosen to write 'the' in the gloss, so you can find it easily. Naming morphe ...
SAT/PSAT Grammar
... Another way to approach pronouns in comparisons is to realize that comparisons usually omit words. For example, it’s grammatically correct to say, Johanna is stronger than Tom, but that phrase is actually an abbreviated version of what you’re really saying. The long version is, Johanna is stronger t ...
... Another way to approach pronouns in comparisons is to realize that comparisons usually omit words. For example, it’s grammatically correct to say, Johanna is stronger than Tom, but that phrase is actually an abbreviated version of what you’re really saying. The long version is, Johanna is stronger t ...
VP2: The Role of User Modeling in Correcting Errors in Second
... order in the past participles of German perfect tenses. ...
... order in the past participles of German perfect tenses. ...
Chapter 4 Modifiers and Complements Adjectives and Adjective
... 50. That child was bitten by a yippy little dog. (= Active: A yippy little dog bit that child.) The subject of an active clause can only be conveyed in a passive clause in a prepositional phrase with the preposition by. Adverbial Just like adverb phrases, PPs can serve as adverbials. Time adverbials ...
... 50. That child was bitten by a yippy little dog. (= Active: A yippy little dog bit that child.) The subject of an active clause can only be conveyed in a passive clause in a prepositional phrase with the preposition by. Adverbial Just like adverb phrases, PPs can serve as adverbials. Time adverbials ...
ROA 1229 - Rutgers Optimality Archive
... manner of approach, different lexical classes are subject to different morphological or phonological principles. Underpalatalisation in particular may be derived by indexing faithfulness constraints to corresponding lexical classes such as first conjugation verbs and sets of nouns and adjectives. Th ...
... manner of approach, different lexical classes are subject to different morphological or phonological principles. Underpalatalisation in particular may be derived by indexing faithfulness constraints to corresponding lexical classes such as first conjugation verbs and sets of nouns and adjectives. Th ...
Errors in the Coalface Grammar - Linguistics and English Language
... referred to; we designate its function as Thing. jacaranda denotes the class within this general category; it functions here as Classifier. the has a pointing out function, known as Deictic: it signals that some particular member(s) of this class is or are being referred to. famous is one of a speci ...
... referred to; we designate its function as Thing. jacaranda denotes the class within this general category; it functions here as Classifier. the has a pointing out function, known as Deictic: it signals that some particular member(s) of this class is or are being referred to. famous is one of a speci ...
articles basque resultatives and related issues
... est cassé “the stick is broken”, in which case it may be difficult to distinguish from a passive form. But, in order to express resultatives from transitive verbs, many languages can use auxiliary have like in I have my task written, that is the state I am in after I have written the task, or j’ai m ...
... est cassé “the stick is broken”, in which case it may be difficult to distinguish from a passive form. But, in order to express resultatives from transitive verbs, many languages can use auxiliary have like in I have my task written, that is the state I am in after I have written the task, or j’ai m ...
LOGIC, SYNTAX, AND GRAMMATICAL AGREEMENT* Geoffrey K
... be modified to handle absolutive agreement. Indirect object, as in Basque or Georgian, raises further difficulties, but I think the same approach might be extensible to that case. In an SVO language where lexical categories can be controllees, such as Swahili (but not English), the agreement marking ...
... be modified to handle absolutive agreement. Indirect object, as in Basque or Georgian, raises further difficulties, but I think the same approach might be extensible to that case. In an SVO language where lexical categories can be controllees, such as Swahili (but not English), the agreement marking ...
Document
... It was a frightening film. (= It frightened us/made us feel afraid.) We use the -ed form to describe a feeling that someone experiences: I felt frightened when I watched that film. (= I was frightened/experienced fear.) Inanimate objects cannot have feelings so we don’t usually use -ed adjectives ab ...
... It was a frightening film. (= It frightened us/made us feel afraid.) We use the -ed form to describe a feeling that someone experiences: I felt frightened when I watched that film. (= I was frightened/experienced fear.) Inanimate objects cannot have feelings so we don’t usually use -ed adjectives ab ...
SCHOOL OF WISDOM Lesson : Adjective Clauses Here is a brief
... At a certain point in your writing in English, you should be able to identify every sentence you write as simple, compound, or complex. Two additional structures, adjective clauses and appositives, will give you a much greater sentence variety within which to accomplish your writing objectives. Thi ...
... At a certain point in your writing in English, you should be able to identify every sentence you write as simple, compound, or complex. Two additional structures, adjective clauses and appositives, will give you a much greater sentence variety within which to accomplish your writing objectives. Thi ...
ARTICLES BASQUE RESULTATIVES AND RELATED ISSUES
... est cassé “the stick is broken”, in which case it may be difficult to distinguish from a passive form. But, in order to express resultatives from transitive verbs, many languages can use auxiliary have like in I have my task written, that is the state I am in after I have written the task, or j’ai m ...
... est cassé “the stick is broken”, in which case it may be difficult to distinguish from a passive form. But, in order to express resultatives from transitive verbs, many languages can use auxiliary have like in I have my task written, that is the state I am in after I have written the task, or j’ai m ...
imageREAL Capture
... has to be held in the short-term memory while the 27 word insertion is processed. In the second main clause, the nexus between the subject and the verb is broken by those same 27 words, plus a further 11 in three prepositional phrase^.'^ Thus, the subject has to be held in the short-term memory whil ...
... has to be held in the short-term memory while the 27 word insertion is processed. In the second main clause, the nexus between the subject and the verb is broken by those same 27 words, plus a further 11 in three prepositional phrase^.'^ Thus, the subject has to be held in the short-term memory whil ...
On the Tense-Aspect system of Bolivian
... speakers, I shall avoid it here.2 My first choice for a substitute was Bolivian Guaraní, but Wolf Dietrich (p.c.) pointed out that this label could also apply to other varieties, most notably Guarayo. I am thus using, with his authoritative approval, the label ‘Bolivian-Chaco Guaraní’ (henceforth, B ...
... speakers, I shall avoid it here.2 My first choice for a substitute was Bolivian Guaraní, but Wolf Dietrich (p.c.) pointed out that this label could also apply to other varieties, most notably Guarayo. I am thus using, with his authoritative approval, the label ‘Bolivian-Chaco Guaraní’ (henceforth, B ...
the morphology-syntax interface - University of the Basque Country
... in Remarks by a set of lexical redundancy rules. The introduction of the more abstract and simple X-bar schemata allows Chomsky to account for the syntactic parallelisms between these three types of expressions (verbs, DNs and GNs) in a uniform way. The idea that some DNs belong in the Lexicon rathe ...
... in Remarks by a set of lexical redundancy rules. The introduction of the more abstract and simple X-bar schemata allows Chomsky to account for the syntactic parallelisms between these three types of expressions (verbs, DNs and GNs) in a uniform way. The idea that some DNs belong in the Lexicon rathe ...
NLPA-Syntax
... WHOLE NP the angry men with their black banners, whereas if I say They banged the van with their black banners and you reply Yes, they banged it really hard, the pronoun it refers only to the van. The final kind of phrase I want to consider is less obvious (to me anyway). Consider the sentence Caref ...
... WHOLE NP the angry men with their black banners, whereas if I say They banged the van with their black banners and you reply Yes, they banged it really hard, the pronoun it refers only to the van. The final kind of phrase I want to consider is less obvious (to me anyway). Consider the sentence Caref ...
Adjectives Original handout by Olga Lizoń and Filip Wojnowski
... Distributive (each, every; either neither) Quantitative (some, any, no, little/few; many, much; one, twenty) Interrogative (which, what, whose) Possessive (my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their) Of quality (clever, dry, fat, golden, good, heavy, square) ...
... Distributive (each, every; either neither) Quantitative (some, any, no, little/few; many, much; one, twenty) Interrogative (which, what, whose) Possessive (my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their) Of quality (clever, dry, fat, golden, good, heavy, square) ...
lin3021_lecture10
... Quickly is a property of the event (as are the thematic roles) The thematic roles are relations between the event and individuals. We get the right entailments: Brutus ate the toast quickly (drop with a knife) Brutus ate the toast with a knife (drop quickly) Brutus ate the toast (drop bo ...
... Quickly is a property of the event (as are the thematic roles) The thematic roles are relations between the event and individuals. We get the right entailments: Brutus ate the toast quickly (drop with a knife) Brutus ate the toast with a knife (drop quickly) Brutus ate the toast (drop bo ...
acctg 527 -- comma usage – basics
... Why? Two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction. Coordinating conjunctions are remembered by FAN BOYS For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, and So. 2. We delivered the new accounting system and installed it last week.” Why? No comma because construction is independent + dependent clause. Ad ...
... Why? Two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction. Coordinating conjunctions are remembered by FAN BOYS For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, and So. 2. We delivered the new accounting system and installed it last week.” Why? No comma because construction is independent + dependent clause. Ad ...
Tutorial of DepPattern
... The following examples are Patterns that fill the requirements of DepPattern: ADJ NOUN [DT] ADJ NOUN DT [X]* NOUN VERB [ADV]* [DT]* [ADJ]* NOUN VERB [DT]+ NOUN VERB [DT]? NOUN NOUN PRP [DT]* [ADJ]* NOUN - -[DT] ADV VERB VERB NOUN -[PRP] The first pattern describes an adjective immediately followed by ...
... The following examples are Patterns that fill the requirements of DepPattern: ADJ NOUN [DT] ADJ NOUN DT [X]* NOUN VERB [ADV]* [DT]* [ADJ]* NOUN VERB [DT]+ NOUN VERB [DT]? NOUN NOUN PRP [DT]* [ADJ]* NOUN - -[DT] ADV VERB VERB NOUN -[PRP] The first pattern describes an adjective immediately followed by ...
The Meaning of Syntactic Dependencies
... and (2) is the object denoted by a syntactic pattern where the head and dependent words are syntactically constrained to be respectively a verb and a noun. According to this idea, a syntactic dependency like subj can be the function denoted by the following syntactic pattern: "NOUN + subj + VERB". I ...
... and (2) is the object denoted by a syntactic pattern where the head and dependent words are syntactically constrained to be respectively a verb and a noun. According to this idea, a syntactic dependency like subj can be the function denoted by the following syntactic pattern: "NOUN + subj + VERB". I ...