POND DESICCATION RATE AFFECTS LARVAL
... of developmental rate may reduce mortality due to desiccation at the larval stage, but it may also entail long-term costs in overall fitness. Here, we investigate the potential tradeoff between desiccation-driven acceleration of developmental rate and immune system responsiveness in a species that b ...
... of developmental rate may reduce mortality due to desiccation at the larval stage, but it may also entail long-term costs in overall fitness. Here, we investigate the potential tradeoff between desiccation-driven acceleration of developmental rate and immune system responsiveness in a species that b ...
native frog captive husbandry manual
... warming and increased UV-B) and increases in pathogens. The emerging disease chytridiomycosis has recently been considered the cause of several mass declines in amphibian populations in Central, South and North America, Australia (Daszak et al. 1999) and New Zealand (Waldman 2001). Although other pa ...
... warming and increased UV-B) and increases in pathogens. The emerging disease chytridiomycosis has recently been considered the cause of several mass declines in amphibian populations in Central, South and North America, Australia (Daszak et al. 1999) and New Zealand (Waldman 2001). Although other pa ...
Joint effects of habitat, zooplankton, host stage structure and
... diversity alone explained 42% of the variation in disease prevalence. However, diversity was unrelated to either hydroperiod or UVR. Instead, the combined effects of parasite predators (zooplankton) and multi-season larvae—both strongly regulated by UVR and hydroperiod, respectively—explained 33.9% ...
... diversity alone explained 42% of the variation in disease prevalence. However, diversity was unrelated to either hydroperiod or UVR. Instead, the combined effects of parasite predators (zooplankton) and multi-season larvae—both strongly regulated by UVR and hydroperiod, respectively—explained 33.9% ...
Seasonality, variation in species prevalence, and localized disease
... factors such as variation in susceptibility during different life stages or temporal variation in amphibian host abundance (Brunner et al. 2004). In particular, larval amphibians and those undergoing metamorphosis may experience increased disease susceptibility due to immunological characteristics. ...
... factors such as variation in susceptibility during different life stages or temporal variation in amphibian host abundance (Brunner et al. 2004). In particular, larval amphibians and those undergoing metamorphosis may experience increased disease susceptibility due to immunological characteristics. ...
Environmental dependency of amphibian–ranavirus genotypic
... to do so is often limited by the complexity of the interactions among various factors (Plowright et al. 2008). For example, ranaviruses, known to infect at least 72 amphibian species in 14 families (Miller et al. 2011) have caused amphibian die-offs on five continents (Gray et al. 2009). Yet, few co ...
... to do so is often limited by the complexity of the interactions among various factors (Plowright et al. 2008). For example, ranaviruses, known to infect at least 72 amphibian species in 14 families (Miller et al. 2011) have caused amphibian die-offs on five continents (Gray et al. 2009). Yet, few co ...
The complexity of deformed amphibians
... whole-body deformities have also been reported. Documented cases involving high frequencies of deformed individuals in a single population are historically uncommon (Johnson et al. unpublished). Since the mid 1990s, however, at least 60 different species have been found to be affected in 46 US state ...
... whole-body deformities have also been reported. Documented cases involving high frequencies of deformed individuals in a single population are historically uncommon (Johnson et al. unpublished). Since the mid 1990s, however, at least 60 different species have been found to be affected in 46 US state ...
Fact Sheet - Wildlife Health Australia
... blood, exudates, or other tissues shed into the environment (Jancovich et al. 2001). In Canada, an FV3 (frog virus 3)-like ranavirus infects multiple species in amphibian communities. The high prevalence in salamanders implicates them as hosts and also reservoirs for this virus (Duffus et al. 2008). ...
... blood, exudates, or other tissues shed into the environment (Jancovich et al. 2001). In Canada, an FV3 (frog virus 3)-like ranavirus infects multiple species in amphibian communities. The high prevalence in salamanders implicates them as hosts and also reservoirs for this virus (Duffus et al. 2008). ...
The Emerging Amphibian Fungal Disease, Chytridiomycosis: A Key
... is effective because B. dendrobatidis grows within the amphibians’ skin and frequently sheds zoospores back out to the skin surface, where swabbing the highly keratinized regions (i.e., pelvic patch and feet) is likely to collect B. dendrobatidis particles that are then identifiable by PCR. It is imp ...
... is effective because B. dendrobatidis grows within the amphibians’ skin and frequently sheds zoospores back out to the skin surface, where swabbing the highly keratinized regions (i.e., pelvic patch and feet) is likely to collect B. dendrobatidis particles that are then identifiable by PCR. It is imp ...
Dynamics of host populations affected by the emerging fungal
... Emerging infectious diseases threaten wildlife populations because they can cause mass mortality, which may ultimately lead to local and global extinction of hosts. Such extinctions may cause the loss of evolutionary diversity and can lead to changes in ecosystem function [1–4]. Emerging infectious ...
... Emerging infectious diseases threaten wildlife populations because they can cause mass mortality, which may ultimately lead to local and global extinction of hosts. Such extinctions may cause the loss of evolutionary diversity and can lead to changes in ecosystem function [1–4]. Emerging infectious ...
CV - Ruthig Web Page - North Central College
... Amphibian chytrid fungus and ranaviruses in the Northwest Territories, Canada. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. doi: 10.3354/dao02134 Ruthig, G. R. 2009. Water molds of the genera Saprolegnia and Leptolegnia are pathogenic to the North American frogs, Rana catesbeiana and Pseudacris crucifer, respecti ...
... Amphibian chytrid fungus and ranaviruses in the Northwest Territories, Canada. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. doi: 10.3354/dao02134 Ruthig, G. R. 2009. Water molds of the genera Saprolegnia and Leptolegnia are pathogenic to the North American frogs, Rana catesbeiana and Pseudacris crucifer, respecti ...
emerging infectious disease as a proximate cause of amphibian
... between chytridiomycosis and widespread population decline, studies are needed to determine whether disease progression in controlled laboratory conditions without environmental cofactors present is similar to disease manifestation in the field. As Carey et al. (2003) point out, the relevance of labo ...
... between chytridiomycosis and widespread population decline, studies are needed to determine whether disease progression in controlled laboratory conditions without environmental cofactors present is similar to disease manifestation in the field. As Carey et al. (2003) point out, the relevance of labo ...
Disease of Aquatic Organisms 112:9
... Memphis Zoo, Conservation and Research Department, Memphis, TN 38112, USA ...
... Memphis Zoo, Conservation and Research Department, Memphis, TN 38112, USA ...
Prevalence of Chytrid Fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in
... PCR method in order to diagnose chytrid fungal infection, effectively. The growth of Chytrid fungus is well developed in low temperature about 17-25 degree Celsius and at pH 6-7 [12] which is closely to the amphibian study in the natural areas of Nam Nao National Park, Petchabun Province. The height ...
... PCR method in order to diagnose chytrid fungal infection, effectively. The growth of Chytrid fungus is well developed in low temperature about 17-25 degree Celsius and at pH 6-7 [12] which is closely to the amphibian study in the natural areas of Nam Nao National Park, Petchabun Province. The height ...
An Emerging Infectious Disease
... can suggest crucial parameters to measure in the field, and help us prioritize our experimental investigations. In this paper, we describe one attempt to understand the devastating effect that chytridiomycosis is having on a once common species of frog native to the highelevation lakes in the Califo ...
... can suggest crucial parameters to measure in the field, and help us prioritize our experimental investigations. In this paper, we describe one attempt to understand the devastating effect that chytridiomycosis is having on a once common species of frog native to the highelevation lakes in the Califo ...
Proportion of individuals with anti-Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
... Woodhams et al. (2007) have shown that a population of R. sierrae that had been coexisting with Bd for more than 6 years had a significantly larger proportion of cultured anti-Bd bacterial species than did a population of R. muscosa that went extinct a year after Bd arrived. When surveyed the followi ...
... Woodhams et al. (2007) have shown that a population of R. sierrae that had been coexisting with Bd for more than 6 years had a significantly larger proportion of cultured anti-Bd bacterial species than did a population of R. muscosa that went extinct a year after Bd arrived. When surveyed the followi ...
Emerging Infectious Diseases and Amphibian Population Declines
... gold, and examined with a JEOL JSM 840 scanning electron microscope at 5 kV. All specimens are from animals that were naturally infected and died due to chytridiomycosis in montane rain forest regions of Panama and Australia. Bar = 5 µm. Photo courtesy of L. Berger, reprinted with permission from A. ...
... gold, and examined with a JEOL JSM 840 scanning electron microscope at 5 kV. All specimens are from animals that were naturally infected and died due to chytridiomycosis in montane rain forest regions of Panama and Australia. Bar = 5 µm. Photo courtesy of L. Berger, reprinted with permission from A. ...
Wildlife Diseases on the Increase: a Serious Threat for Europe`s
... in wild animal populations may have a detrimental effect on the environment and biodiversity. The Commission is tasked with listing the diseases which will be regulated under the Law in synergy with the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) listings, and enforcing appropriate biosecurity and mo ...
... in wild animal populations may have a detrimental effect on the environment and biodiversity. The Commission is tasked with listing the diseases which will be regulated under the Law in synergy with the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) listings, and enforcing appropriate biosecurity and mo ...
Hoverman et al. 2012 coinfection
... the East Bay region of California, USA, we found that 68% of wetlands had 2 pathogens and 36% had 3 pathogens. Wetlands with high pathogen species richness also tended to cluster spatially. Our results underscore the need for greater integration of multiple pathogens and their interactions into am ...
... the East Bay region of California, USA, we found that 68% of wetlands had 2 pathogens and 36% had 3 pathogens. Wetlands with high pathogen species richness also tended to cluster spatially. Our results underscore the need for greater integration of multiple pathogens and their interactions into am ...
Ranaviruses - Purdue Extension
... frogs, spotted salamanders) in a wetland. This suggests that recurrent outbreaks can have long-term effects on amphibian populations, especially for highly susceptible species like wood frogs. Unfortuately, Indiana currently lacks long-term surveillance projects focused on ranavirus. ...
... frogs, spotted salamanders) in a wetland. This suggests that recurrent outbreaks can have long-term effects on amphibian populations, especially for highly susceptible species like wood frogs. Unfortuately, Indiana currently lacks long-term surveillance projects focused on ranavirus. ...
Ranavirus Disease - gardenwildlifehealth.org
... population level has only been demonstrated in common frogs in England. Here, ranavirus disease has been shown to cause marked declines, and in some cases local extinctions, of common frog populations at infected sites since the 1990s. ...
... population level has only been demonstrated in common frogs in England. Here, ranavirus disease has been shown to cause marked declines, and in some cases local extinctions, of common frog populations at infected sites since the 1990s. ...
Spread of Chytridiomycosis Has Caused the Rapid
... manage them. Therefore, we have adopted a medical approach to determine causation (that includes inductive and deductive reasoning), and it is used successfully to determine likely causes of outbreaks leading to life-saving interventions (Dohoo et al., 2003). For example, John Snow determined the or ...
... manage them. Therefore, we have adopted a medical approach to determine causation (that includes inductive and deductive reasoning), and it is used successfully to determine likely causes of outbreaks leading to life-saving interventions (Dohoo et al., 2003). For example, John Snow determined the or ...
Historical Evidence of Widespread Chytrid - Amphibia
... and seven American states, including 30 of 69 locations examined in the St. Lawrence River Valley of Québec. Chytrids were observed in 7.0% (46/655) of the adults collected in the 1960s, the earliest cases being two green frogs ( Rana clamitans) collected in 1961 from Saint-Pierre-de-Wakefield, Que ...
... and seven American states, including 30 of 69 locations examined in the St. Lawrence River Valley of Québec. Chytrids were observed in 7.0% (46/655) of the adults collected in the 1960s, the earliest cases being two green frogs ( Rana clamitans) collected in 1961 from Saint-Pierre-de-Wakefield, Que ...
Spatial Models of Chytridiomycosis Dynamics in Frogs
... Litoria raniformes (introduced from Australia) were monitored during spring and summer of 1999–2000. Though a few individuals were found infected outside of the pond, majority of the metamorphosing tadpoles uncovered in the pond were dying (WALDMAN et al., 2002). Field surveys in 1998–1999 found out ...
... Litoria raniformes (introduced from Australia) were monitored during spring and summer of 1999–2000. Though a few individuals were found infected outside of the pond, majority of the metamorphosing tadpoles uncovered in the pond were dying (WALDMAN et al., 2002). Field surveys in 1998–1999 found out ...
Environmentally-harmful fungal diseases on the rise
... In recent decades, newly discovered harmful fungi have caused some of the worst dieoffs and extinctions ever witnessed in wildlife. Notable examples include Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, which has led to severe population declines and extinctions for many amphibian species around the world. The or ...
... In recent decades, newly discovered harmful fungi have caused some of the worst dieoffs and extinctions ever witnessed in wildlife. Notable examples include Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, which has led to severe population declines and extinctions for many amphibian species around the world. The or ...
Confronting Amphibian Declines and Extinctions
... • Pattern NOT consistent with: – Climate change, UV-B – agrochemicals, habitat alteration, exotic species, pet trade. ...
... • Pattern NOT consistent with: – Climate change, UV-B – agrochemicals, habitat alteration, exotic species, pet trade. ...
Chytridiomycosis
Chytridiomycosis is an infectious disease of amphibians, caused by the chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a nonhyphal zoosporic fungus. Chytridiomycosis has been linked to dramatic population declines or even extinctions of amphibian species in western North America, Central America, South America, eastern Australia, and Dominica and Montserrat in the Caribbean. Much of the New World is also at risk of the disease arriving within the coming years.The fungus is capable of causing sporadic deaths in some amphibian populations and 100% mortality in others. No effective measure is known for control of the disease in wild populations. Various clinical signs are seen by individuals affected by the disease. A number of options are possible for controlling this disease-causing fungus, though none has proved to be feasible on a large scale. The disease has been proposed as a contributing factor to a global decline in amphibian populations that apparently has affected about 30% of the amphibian species of the world.