View Document - bison-m
... many parts of the world (Li and Wilcove, 2005; Schlaepfer et al., 2005). At a minimum, these trades should be restricted to local sales of captive-bred individuals. Though restricting the pet, bait, and food trades may have some initial negative economic impact, these actions may save perhaps hundre ...
... many parts of the world (Li and Wilcove, 2005; Schlaepfer et al., 2005). At a minimum, these trades should be restricted to local sales of captive-bred individuals. Though restricting the pet, bait, and food trades may have some initial negative economic impact, these actions may save perhaps hundre ...
presence of amphibian chytrid fungus batrachochytrium
... ectoparasites were found in the tadpoles from all four fish hatcheries. Internal parasites consisted mostly of the common tadpole pinworm Gyrinicola batrachiensis and multiple species of encysted immature trematodes (metacercariae); the significance of metacercariae in amphibians is usually negligib ...
... ectoparasites were found in the tadpoles from all four fish hatcheries. Internal parasites consisted mostly of the common tadpole pinworm Gyrinicola batrachiensis and multiple species of encysted immature trematodes (metacercariae); the significance of metacercariae in amphibians is usually negligib ...
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis: Chytrid disease
... Normally a frog’s stratum corneum is a layer about 2-3 cells thick. When infected the stratum corneum becomes multilayered and disorganized. E = epidermis, D = dermis. Source: Berger et al. 2005. ...
... Normally a frog’s stratum corneum is a layer about 2-3 cells thick. When infected the stratum corneum becomes multilayered and disorganized. E = epidermis, D = dermis. Source: Berger et al. 2005. ...
Ranavirus Disease - Garden Wildlife Health
... population level has only been demonstrated in common frogs. Ranavirus disease has been shown to cause marked declines, and in some cases local extinctions, of common frog populations at infected sites since the 1990s. ...
... population level has only been demonstrated in common frogs. Ranavirus disease has been shown to cause marked declines, and in some cases local extinctions, of common frog populations at infected sites since the 1990s. ...
Chytrid fungus in southwestern toad populations
... but in some populations other agents are also implicated in declines (Muths and others 2003). Given that toads have been present at our study site for numerous years with no reports of mass mortality events (C Platz, pers. comm.), Bd may occur naturally without lethal outbreaks. However, mortality e ...
... but in some populations other agents are also implicated in declines (Muths and others 2003). Given that toads have been present at our study site for numerous years with no reports of mass mortality events (C Platz, pers. comm.), Bd may occur naturally without lethal outbreaks. However, mortality e ...
Berger, Lee (2001) Diseases in Australian frogs. PhD thesis, James
... montane rain forests of Queensland and Panama. The mechanism(s) by which cutaneous chytridiomycosis becomes a fatal infection in postmetamorphic anurans is not clear. The epidermal hyperplasia may seriously impair cutaneous respiration and osmoregulation, particularly as chytrids consistently infect ...
... montane rain forests of Queensland and Panama. The mechanism(s) by which cutaneous chytridiomycosis becomes a fatal infection in postmetamorphic anurans is not clear. The epidermal hyperplasia may seriously impair cutaneous respiration and osmoregulation, particularly as chytrids consistently infect ...
Seasonal pattern of chytridiomycosis in common river frog
... and are likely to similarly influence the growth and prevalence of associated pathogens. Amphibian chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), causes an infectious disease, chytridiomycosis, in amphibians worldwide. Field studies on post-metamorphic anurans from tropical Australia have corr ...
... and are likely to similarly influence the growth and prevalence of associated pathogens. Amphibian chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), causes an infectious disease, chytridiomycosis, in amphibians worldwide. Field studies on post-metamorphic anurans from tropical Australia have corr ...
The Novel and Endemic Pathogen Hypotheses
... ††School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, U.S.A. ...
... ††School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, U.S.A. ...
The Value of Well-Designed Experiments in Studying Diseases with
... should be encouraged to conduct well-designed and focused experiments as a means of further understanding chytridiomycosis and other diseases. Despite the commonness of pathogens and the harmful effects that they have on their hosts, data from manipulative experimental studies, especially in amphibi ...
... should be encouraged to conduct well-designed and focused experiments as a means of further understanding chytridiomycosis and other diseases. Despite the commonness of pathogens and the harmful effects that they have on their hosts, data from manipulative experimental studies, especially in amphibi ...
Invasive pathogens threaten amphibian diversity
... ecological communities § However some diseases are more equal than others ...
... ecological communities § However some diseases are more equal than others ...
2017_82 ZSL_Garner
... Genetic variation in a trait is an important measure of the adaptive potential of a Bd population, and the predominance of chytridiomycosis at high altitudes suggests that temperature is a key factor behind virulence. Our previous work has revealed how genotypic divergence predicts pathogen phenotyp ...
... Genetic variation in a trait is an important measure of the adaptive potential of a Bd population, and the predominance of chytridiomycosis at high altitudes suggests that temperature is a key factor behind virulence. Our previous work has revealed how genotypic divergence predicts pathogen phenotyp ...
Distribution and risk factors for spread of amphibian chytrid fungus
... which provides the majority of habitat for Tasmania’s 3 endemic frog species (Litoria burrowsae, Bryobatrachus nimbus and Crinia tasmaniensis). Bd was detected at only 1 (3%) of the 33 sites surveyed within the TWWHA and at 15 (52%) of the 29 sites surveyed surrounding the TWWHA. The relatively low ...
... which provides the majority of habitat for Tasmania’s 3 endemic frog species (Litoria burrowsae, Bryobatrachus nimbus and Crinia tasmaniensis). Bd was detected at only 1 (3%) of the 33 sites surveyed within the TWWHA and at 15 (52%) of the 29 sites surveyed surrounding the TWWHA. The relatively low ...
Schloegel et al. 2009 - University of California, Santa Cruz
... to speculation that the widespread distribution of X. laevis in the 1940s and 1950s for human pregnancy testing disseminated the pathogen to differing regions of the world (Weldon et al., 2004). There is a discrepancy in the overlap of X. laevis distributions and the nature of B. dendrobatidis outbr ...
... to speculation that the widespread distribution of X. laevis in the 1940s and 1950s for human pregnancy testing disseminated the pathogen to differing regions of the world (Weldon et al., 2004). There is a discrepancy in the overlap of X. laevis distributions and the nature of B. dendrobatidis outbr ...
PetAge article - Bd-Free
... ne of the maddening aspects of the Bd epidemic is how poorly understood the disease really is. It was first identified in 1999, but biologists suspect it has been around for much longer than that. In hindsight, some of the mass amphibian die-offs from previous generations bear the hallmarks of chytr ...
... ne of the maddening aspects of the Bd epidemic is how poorly understood the disease really is. It was first identified in 1999, but biologists suspect it has been around for much longer than that. In hindsight, some of the mass amphibian die-offs from previous generations bear the hallmarks of chytr ...
Mazzoni et al. 2003
... die-offs, population declines, and extinctions of amphibians on a global scale (1,2). In wild, susceptible species, chytridiomycosis may be able to cause catastrophic population loss, sometimes completely removing local populations (2). This disease is a serious threat to the conservation of wild am ...
... die-offs, population declines, and extinctions of amphibians on a global scale (1,2). In wild, susceptible species, chytridiomycosis may be able to cause catastrophic population loss, sometimes completely removing local populations (2). This disease is a serious threat to the conservation of wild am ...
Emerging Aquatic Nuisance Species in California and the Pacific Southwest Region
... human pregnancy assays in 1934 resulted in world-wide distribution. • It has been implicated in amphibian declines in Australia, the Neotropics, North America and Europe. • Weldon and others. 2004. Origin of the amphibian chytrid fungus. Emerging Infectious Diseases 10(12): 2100-2105. www.cdc.gov/ei ...
... human pregnancy assays in 1934 resulted in world-wide distribution. • It has been implicated in amphibian declines in Australia, the Neotropics, North America and Europe. • Weldon and others. 2004. Origin of the amphibian chytrid fungus. Emerging Infectious Diseases 10(12): 2100-2105. www.cdc.gov/ei ...
Presence of an emerging pathogen of amphibians in
... through trade in amphibians for pets, food and biocontrol. In this study, we examined histological samples from apparently healthy American bullfrogs Rana catesbeiana that have been introduced into the Venezuelan Andes. B. dendrobatidis was present in 96% (46/ 48) of the individuals examined. In con ...
... through trade in amphibians for pets, food and biocontrol. In this study, we examined histological samples from apparently healthy American bullfrogs Rana catesbeiana that have been introduced into the Venezuelan Andes. B. dendrobatidis was present in 96% (46/ 48) of the individuals examined. In con ...
The ubiquity of the chytrid fungus and the futility of fighting it: lessons
... would be done before researchers would know to implement eradication protocols. In these tropical countries, most population declines due to chytridiomycosis are predicted to occur in moist areas (Ron 2005; Kriger et al. 2007) where both amphibians and B. dendrobatidis are likely to persist away fro ...
... would be done before researchers would know to implement eradication protocols. In these tropical countries, most population declines due to chytridiomycosis are predicted to occur in moist areas (Ron 2005; Kriger et al. 2007) where both amphibians and B. dendrobatidis are likely to persist away fro ...
The Prevalence and Intensity of Chytridiomycosis on Rana
... 1030 m to reach summer habitats (Pilliod, 2002). The frogs migrate by the shortest-distance travel routes through dry, open forests and stream corridors (Pilliod, 2002). A study conducted by Funk et al. (2005) found that mountain ridges and elevation differences were associated with increased geneti ...
... 1030 m to reach summer habitats (Pilliod, 2002). The frogs migrate by the shortest-distance travel routes through dry, open forests and stream corridors (Pilliod, 2002). A study conducted by Funk et al. (2005) found that mountain ridges and elevation differences were associated with increased geneti ...
Detecting the Distribution of the Chytrid Fungus in the Philippines
... currently threatened with extinction (1). Amphibian biologists have recorded over 150 species of frogs that have vanished from many parts of the world particularly in North, Central, and South America, Europe and in Australia. Chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease specific to amphibians a ...
... currently threatened with extinction (1). Amphibian biologists have recorded over 150 species of frogs that have vanished from many parts of the world particularly in North, Central, and South America, Europe and in Australia. Chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease specific to amphibians a ...
Chytrid Fungus - UT Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries
... vertebrates” in terms of the number of species impacted, and it’s tendency to drive them to extinction (Gascon et al, 2007). ´ Rapid decline- sometimes over a few weeks (Lips et al., 2006) ´ Disproportionately eliminates species that are rare, specialized, and endemic (Smith et al., 2009) ´ “T ...
... vertebrates” in terms of the number of species impacted, and it’s tendency to drive them to extinction (Gascon et al, 2007). ´ Rapid decline- sometimes over a few weeks (Lips et al., 2006) ´ Disproportionately eliminates species that are rare, specialized, and endemic (Smith et al., 2009) ´ “T ...
Amphibian Chytridiomycosis
... called “zoospores”, are motile (i.e. swim) in water and it is likely that animals become infected by sharing a pond or other body of water with infected animals. Direct contact between uninfected and infected amphibians is another likely method of disease transmission and this can happen out of wate ...
... called “zoospores”, are motile (i.e. swim) in water and it is likely that animals become infected by sharing a pond or other body of water with infected animals. Direct contact between uninfected and infected amphibians is another likely method of disease transmission and this can happen out of wate ...
Chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) infection
... Ensure that the site is regularly scanned for dead amphibians, fish and reptiles. Ideally any site containing a reasonable population of amphibians should be monitored for sick and dead animals as a matter of course. If sick or dead animals are found, they should be tested for Bd infection so that t ...
... Ensure that the site is regularly scanned for dead amphibians, fish and reptiles. Ideally any site containing a reasonable population of amphibians should be monitored for sick and dead animals as a matter of course. If sick or dead animals are found, they should be tested for Bd infection so that t ...
Bio Grant draft
... matter of time before it spreads to other groups of amphibians, such as newts and salamanders. The disease has already made some species extinct in the wild. Even more disturbing is the fact that this fungal infection, that previously only infected select plants and invertebrates, now affects verteb ...
... matter of time before it spreads to other groups of amphibians, such as newts and salamanders. The disease has already made some species extinct in the wild. Even more disturbing is the fact that this fungal infection, that previously only infected select plants and invertebrates, now affects verteb ...
Chytridiomycosis
Chytridiomycosis is an infectious disease of amphibians, caused by the chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a nonhyphal zoosporic fungus. Chytridiomycosis has been linked to dramatic population declines or even extinctions of amphibian species in western North America, Central America, South America, eastern Australia, and Dominica and Montserrat in the Caribbean. Much of the New World is also at risk of the disease arriving within the coming years.The fungus is capable of causing sporadic deaths in some amphibian populations and 100% mortality in others. No effective measure is known for control of the disease in wild populations. Various clinical signs are seen by individuals affected by the disease. A number of options are possible for controlling this disease-causing fungus, though none has proved to be feasible on a large scale. The disease has been proposed as a contributing factor to a global decline in amphibian populations that apparently has affected about 30% of the amphibian species of the world.