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On Economic Efficiency
On Economic Efficiency

... • Each time we make a Pareto improvement in a market – We make at least one party better off and make no one else worse off – Therefore, a Pareto improvement will increase total net benefits available in a market – Thus, we have a new way of viewing efficiency • A market is efficient when sum of pro ...
Monopoly - McGraw Hill Higher Education
Monopoly - McGraw Hill Higher Education

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... firm may adjust costs to gain efficiency and hence increase profit. One other difference between monopoly and competition is that quantity will be lower, because P > MR = MC leads to never reaching the point where P = MC. This leads to some goods, for which the society value (shown by the demand cur ...
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... 3. Perfectly competitive industries have free entry and exit in the long run. When will firms decide to enter an industry? When will a firm exit an industry? 4. Perfectly competitive industries have free entry and exit in the ...
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... beginning (or ceteris paribus) values for each supply and demand variable. Write these values down for future reference. Now, click "Continue". Write down the initial equilibrium values for the price, PE, and quantity, QE, of wheat. Now select "Disturb Market". ...
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... produce his shirts at a lower production cost than his competitors can. However, he has also found that he has a greater opportunity cost when producing handbags. His opportunity cost is four shirts for every one handbag, but his competitor's opportunity cost is two shirts for every handbag. ...
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... recognize the Confederate States of America. ...
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... • Supplies Expense items used in a firm’s daily operation that do not become part of the final product. • Services: Unlike goods, they are intangible, perishable, difficult to standardize. • From buyer’s perspective, the service provider is the service. ...
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3.1 - 3.2 Intro marketing_Market Research - AIS-iGCSE

... Understand the concept of a market orientated business Show awareness of the use of market research information to a Business Understand how a business carries out market research; limitations of market research Knowledge of the difference between primary and secondary research, advantages and disad ...
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... And we, as consumers, can buy whatever we want at prices we want to spend…. Wouldn’t this be one big messed up system? How could producers and consumers ever agree? NO! That’s where the theory of Supply and Demand comes to the rescue! ...
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... segments can be measured. Accessible – segments can be reached and served Substantial – segments are large or profitable enough Differentiable – segments are distinguishable and respond differently to marketing mix elements and ...
International Marketing - U2W09-2010-Fall
International Marketing - U2W09-2010-Fall

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Grey market

A grey market (sometimes called a parallel import, but this can also mean other things; not to be confused with a black market or a grey economy) is the trade of a commodity through distribution channels which are legal but are unofficial, unauthorized, or unintended by the original manufacturer. The most common type of grey market is the sale, by individuals or small companies not authorised by the manufacturer, of imported goods which would otherwise be either more expensive in the country to which they are being imported, or unavailable altogether. An example of this would be the import and subsequent re-sale of Apple products by unlicensed intermediaries in countries such as South Korea where Apple does not currently operate retail outlets and licensed reseller markups are high.
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