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Sample Solution for Exercise Communication Networks I
Sample Solution for Exercise Communication Networks I

... sending bit 1 is also received as bit 1 (and not as bit 0): reliable data transfer between adjacent stations with frames connection endsystem to endsystem connection end/source (application/process) to end/destination (application/process) support a “session” over a longer period data presentation i ...
Communication - Computer Science Division
Communication - Computer Science Division

... • Service – says what a layer does • Interface – says how to access the service • Protocol – says how is the service implemented – A set of rules and formats that govern the communication between two peers ...
Internet control protocols (ARP, DHCP, ICMP)
Internet control protocols (ARP, DHCP, ICMP)

... Linecards ...
ATM
ATM

... Asynchronous Transfer Mode: ATM  1980s/1990’s standard for high-speed (155Mbps ...
1. Optical networks: From point-to
1. Optical networks: From point-to

ppt
ppt

... A simple routing protocol  Routing Information Protocol (RIP)  Very old protocol (for computers!).  Each node periodically broadcasts routing table out each interface.  For each received broadcast, for each destination, pick next hop that has the shortest distance.  Distance is from 0 to 15.  ...
Cisco Voice Programs - In Search of a Strategy
Cisco Voice Programs - In Search of a Strategy

... • Huge growth of Data/IP WAN traffic • Integrated Networks is cheaper to manage ...
Bass - JIE Way Ahead
Bass - JIE Way Ahead

... Carrier Packet Transport ...
PART II: Multi-layer TE in Metropolitan Area Networks
PART II: Multi-layer TE in Metropolitan Area Networks

... destination node, in absence of failures, selects one of the two paths for reception. In the case the failure of that path is produced, the receptor node switches to the other path. In such a mechanism, no signalling between nodes to recovery from the failure is required. In 1:1 protection, two path ...
IJ2214401442
IJ2214401442

... There are two significant stages in working of DSR: Route Discovery and Route Maintenance. A host initiating a route discovery broadcasts a route request packet which may be received by those hosts within wireless transmission range of it. The route request packet identifies the host, referred to as ...
MPV2
MPV2

... Attackers are aware they are being traced ...
Large-Scale Passive Network Monitoring using Ordinary
Large-Scale Passive Network Monitoring using Ordinary

... Connecting a filter-interface to a L2 network as a trunked link Unicast flooding: NLB is a loadbalancing technology that doesn’t use traditional hardware based LB’s. Stolen gateway: Human fat fingers an IP address as the defaultgateway. Broadcasts: All fun in games until the rate of broadcasts incre ...
VANET Simulation in Diffrent Indian City Scenario
VANET Simulation in Diffrent Indian City Scenario

... the network. Due to the prohibitive cost of deploying and implementing such a system in real world, most research in VANET relies on simulations for evaluation. This paper presents a comparative test of various mobility scenarios of Vehicular Ad-hoc Network in three well-known Indian Metros. The AOD ...
Chapter 11
Chapter 11

... and retransmission) are used • TCP/IP assumes that reliability is an end-to-end problem and handles it in the transport layer – the internet is built to handle expected load, but data may be lost along the way – this assumption makes the software simpler to understand and implement – detection and r ...
PPT Version
PPT Version

... Example: Intra-domain Measurement ...
CN Question Bank-3 - E
CN Question Bank-3 - E

... (1) first three (2) first four (3) first four 2 A station in a network forwards incoming packets by placing them on its shortest output queue. What routing algorithm is being used? (1) hot potato routing (2) flooding (3) static routing 3 Which of the following condition is used to transmit two packe ...
Protocol Stack
Protocol Stack

... Channel ...
GK2411581160
GK2411581160

... (Greedy optimization technique is its part), UDP has been used (CBR:-Constant Bit Rate generator) and to find the distance between source to destination Euclidean method is used.  Wireless ad hoc network: An ad hoc network is a type of temporary computer-to-computer connection. In ad hoc mode, you ...
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP4)
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP4)

... Choose the lowest cost link (A, C, 1), add it into SPF tree and remote it from Candidate. Add adjacent links to C into Candidate and calculate cost to A. Because the new lowest cost to D is 8, is remoted. ...
Ceci est un test - ACM SIGAda Home Page
Ceci est un test - ACM SIGAda Home Page

... SONET/SDH, MPLS) ...
3rd Edition: Chapter 4
3rd Edition: Chapter 4

... organizations, Class C were too small and Class B too big. Led to inefficient use of address space, and a shortage of addresses. Organizations with internal routers needed to have a separate (Class C) network ID for each link. And then every other router in the Internet had to know about every netwo ...
lecture9 - Academic Csuohio
lecture9 - Academic Csuohio

... • Datagram network provides network-layer connectionless service • Virtual Circuit network provides network-layer connection-oriented service ...
Cisco ME 6500 Series Ethernet Switch
Cisco ME 6500 Series Ethernet Switch

... Layer 2 VPNs can be delivered over a pure Layer 2 infrastructure. By enabling features as 802.1Q tunneling, Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling (L2PT), and VLAN translation, the Cisco ME 6524 allows the customer to segment and transparently transport the users’ traffic. Alternatively, Layer 2 VPNs can be off ...
WWW Tutorial - SpaceAgeTimes.com
WWW Tutorial - SpaceAgeTimes.com

... (slightly) differently ...
ppt
ppt

... more potential for aggregation (and reducing routing table size), but not always so… – Multi-homing a PA address – Traffic engineering between multiple links to same single provider ...
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Multiprotocol Label Switching

Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a mechanism in high-performance telecommunications networks that directs data from one network node to the next based on short path labels rather than long network addresses, avoiding complex lookups in a routing table. The labels identify virtual links (paths) between distant nodes rather than endpoints. MPLS can encapsulate packets of various network protocols. MPLS supports a range of access technologies, including T1/E1, ATM, Frame Relay, and DSL.
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