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MM74HC4046 CMOS Phase Lock Loop - Elektronik
MM74HC4046 CMOS Phase Lock Loop - Elektronik

... This detector is a digital memory network. It consists of four flip-flops and some gating logic, a three state output and a phase pulse output as shown in Figure 6. This comparator acts only on the positive edges of the input signals and is thus independent of signal duty cycle. Phase comparator II ...
Chapter28
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...  For a good p-n junction made of silicon, the ratio RR/RF should be equal to or greater than 1000:1.  Although not shown, the resistance measured between the collector and emitter should read high or infinite for both connections of the meter leads. ...
Chapter 6: Voltage Regulator
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... noise in the converter is dominated by quantization noise and will be spread from DC to one half the output word rate. This was illustrated with the plot of the CS5513 noise in Figure 3. The CS5512 and CS5513 use the same modulator-filter design with the only difference being the clock source used t ...
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Chapter 6: Voltage Regulator
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... in input voltage or load current caused by a change in load resistance, the decrease is sensed by R1 and R2.  A feedback voltage obtained from voltage divider R1 and R2 is applied to the op-amp’s non-inverting input and compared to the Zener voltage to control the drive current to the transistor.  ...
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MAX5152/MAX5153 Low-Power, Dual, 13-Bit Voltage-Output DACs with Configurable Outputs _______________General Description
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... 16-pin QSOP and DIP packages. Access to the inverting input allows for specific gain configurations, remote sensing, and high output current capability, making these devices ideally suited for industrial process controls. These devices are also well suited for digitally programmable (4–20mA) current ...
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... Figure 3.1.3 shows a measurement of three of the bias generator voltage dependences on I2C register setting. VPC and VPLUS are implemented by mirroring a current into a resistor, and the voltage range covered is consistent with what is expected from simulation. VPAFB is not a simple voltage setting ...
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STK672-630AN-E
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... 1-3.[CWB (Motor direction setting)] When CWB=0: The motor rotates in the clockwise direction. When CWB=1: The motor rotates in the counterclockwise direction. See the timing charts for details on the operation of the outputs. Note: Do not allow CWB input to vary during the 6.25s interval before and ...
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... block. Each block has 3 outputs. One output can be configured to perform either an allpass, highpass, or notch function. The other two outputs perform bandpass and lowpass functions. The center frequency of each filter stage is tuned by using an external clock or a combination of a clock and resisto ...
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... 2.2. Constant current source Bio-impedance can be measured using constant current source. There are many constant current sources like howland current source, current mirror based constant current source, but application of these current sources are limited to lower value of frequency and impedance ...
LT1937 - Linear Technology
LT1937 - Linear Technology

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Amplifier



An amplifier, electronic amplifier or (informally) amp is an electronic device that increases the power of a signal.It does this by taking energy from a power supply and controlling the output to match the input signal shape but with a larger amplitude. In this sense, an amplifier modulates the output of the power supply to make the output signal stronger than the input signal. An amplifier is effectively the opposite of an attenuator: while an amplifier provides gain, an attenuator provides loss.An amplifier can either be a separate piece of equipment or an electrical circuit within another device. The ability to amplify is fundamental to modern electronics, and amplifiers are extremely widely used in almost all electronic equipment. The types of amplifiers can be categorized in different ways. One is by the frequency of the electronic signal being amplified; audio amplifiers amplify signals in the audio (sound) range of less than 20 kHz, RF amplifiers amplify frequencies in the radio frequency range between 20 kHz and 300 GHz. Another is which quantity, voltage or current is being amplified; amplifiers can be divided into voltage amplifiers, current amplifiers, transconductance amplifiers, and transresistance amplifiers. A further distinction is whether the output is a linear or nonlinear representation of the input. Amplifiers can also be categorized by their physical placement in the signal chain.The first practical electronic device that amplified was the Audion (triode) vacuum tube, invented in 1906 by Lee De Forest, which led to the first amplifiers. The terms ""amplifier"" and ""amplification"" (from the Latin amplificare, 'to enlarge or expand') were first used for this new capability around 1915 when triodes became widespread. For the next 50 years, vacuum tubes were the only devices that could amplify. All amplifiers used them until the 1960s, when transistors appeared. Most amplifiers today use transistors, though tube amplifiers are still produced.
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