Abstract of “Primate frontal eye fields mediate spatial attention in
... FEF is retinotopically organized and has a map of visual field eccentricity (Schall, 2009). Many functionally different types of neurons have been identified in FEF. Movement neurons begin to fire approximately 50ms before the initiation of a saccadic eye movement (Bruce and Goldberg, 1985; Thompson ...
... FEF is retinotopically organized and has a map of visual field eccentricity (Schall, 2009). Many functionally different types of neurons have been identified in FEF. Movement neurons begin to fire approximately 50ms before the initiation of a saccadic eye movement (Bruce and Goldberg, 1985; Thompson ...
Memory, aging and external memory aids
... Memory and executive functions Executive functions are important when speaking about memory functioning and performance. Executive functions is a broad term involving mechanisms such as coordination, monitoring, selection, set-switching, attention control and inhibition control. All of these mechani ...
... Memory and executive functions Executive functions are important when speaking about memory functioning and performance. Executive functions is a broad term involving mechanisms such as coordination, monitoring, selection, set-switching, attention control and inhibition control. All of these mechani ...
Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal–anterior thalamic
... with animals, the anatomy underlying anterograde amnesia has been reformulated. The distinction between temporal lobe and diencephalic amnesia is of limited value in that a common feature of anterograde amnesia is damage to part of an “extended hippocampal system” comprising the hippocampus, the for ...
... with animals, the anatomy underlying anterograde amnesia has been reformulated. The distinction between temporal lobe and diencephalic amnesia is of limited value in that a common feature of anterograde amnesia is damage to part of an “extended hippocampal system” comprising the hippocampus, the for ...
Hippocampal mechanisms for the context-dependent retrieval of episodes 2005 Special issue
... mealtime in a restaurant. Similarly, a foraging rat should avoid immediate return to a food cache where it just ate all the food. The ability to avoid repeating a completed behavior in a highly familiar environment depends on the ability to selectively retrieve recent episodes based on the temporal ...
... mealtime in a restaurant. Similarly, a foraging rat should avoid immediate return to a food cache where it just ate all the food. The ability to avoid repeating a completed behavior in a highly familiar environment depends on the ability to selectively retrieve recent episodes based on the temporal ...
Updating verbal and visuospatial working memory: Are the
... that executive control was required at the period of encoding but not during maintenance rehearsal. Therefore, the secondary task that placed a load on the central executive only produced performance decrements during encoding. It is important to note that WM sub-systems play different roles in the ...
... that executive control was required at the period of encoding but not during maintenance rehearsal. Therefore, the secondary task that placed a load on the central executive only produced performance decrements during encoding. It is important to note that WM sub-systems play different roles in the ...
Disentanglement of local field potential sources by independent
... weights and for estimating their variance. To introduce the interloading distance we consider voltage loadings Vk ðxÞ : Ω ! R as elements of a Hilbert space H(Ω), where Ω ⊂ R3 is an open set (e.g., CA1 region). It is noteworthy that due to the intrinsic ambiguity of ICA, Vk(x) is defined up to a fac ...
... weights and for estimating their variance. To introduce the interloading distance we consider voltage loadings Vk ðxÞ : Ω ! R as elements of a Hilbert space H(Ω), where Ω ⊂ R3 is an open set (e.g., CA1 region). It is noteworthy that due to the intrinsic ambiguity of ICA, Vk(x) is defined up to a fac ...
Llenceu aquesta pàgina i substituïu-la per aquella que us faciliti... tat d’Informació i Projecció Institucionals (UIPI), disponible al formulari
... EA Sports, Infinity Ward, Mendeley, Mathworks and many other companies that, for a little price, made my life much easier. ...
... EA Sports, Infinity Ward, Mendeley, Mathworks and many other companies that, for a little price, made my life much easier. ...
Topographic Maps in Human Frontal Cortex Revealed in Memory
... appearance of a target at a new location. An example for a 12 o’clock trial is given in Fig. 1A. Each trial at a given target location was 5 s long. The first target appeared at the right horizontal meridian and subsequent target locations were marked counterclockwise through 12 or 8 equally spaced ...
... appearance of a target at a new location. An example for a 12 o’clock trial is given in Fig. 1A. Each trial at a given target location was 5 s long. The first target appeared at the right horizontal meridian and subsequent target locations were marked counterclockwise through 12 or 8 equally spaced ...
The Perirhinal, Entorhinal, and Parahippocampal Cortices and
... The nature of information integrated in the PRc – multimodal and potentially non-sensory motivational features (Liu et al. 2000) associated with individual objects – has led some authors to suggest that the PRc codes for semantic object memories, that is, our knowledge about individual objects (Murr ...
... The nature of information integrated in the PRc – multimodal and potentially non-sensory motivational features (Liu et al. 2000) associated with individual objects – has led some authors to suggest that the PRc codes for semantic object memories, that is, our knowledge about individual objects (Murr ...
On the use of cognitive maps - David Redish
... A reinforcement learning approach to animal behavior was used to develop a theory of cognitive map function. Reinforcement learning provides a theoretical framework within which the components of cognitive map function can be readily defined and explored. This approach addresses long-standing critici ...
... A reinforcement learning approach to animal behavior was used to develop a theory of cognitive map function. Reinforcement learning provides a theoretical framework within which the components of cognitive map function can be readily defined and explored. This approach addresses long-standing critici ...
Cholinergic modulation of cognitive processing: insights drawn from computational models Kishan Gupta
... active for familiar and novel stimuli. Familiar stimuli activate the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and parietal cortex of animals performing tasks involving delayed match to sample (DMS) (Fuster, 1973), cued-choice behavior (Fujisawa et al., 2008), object recognition (Asaad et al., 1998), and object local ...
... active for familiar and novel stimuli. Familiar stimuli activate the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and parietal cortex of animals performing tasks involving delayed match to sample (DMS) (Fuster, 1973), cued-choice behavior (Fujisawa et al., 2008), object recognition (Asaad et al., 1998), and object local ...
Preferred visually evoked spatial and temporal frequencies in
... represented and processed in our visual system. In mammals the visual cortex is essential for processing of visual input from the eyes. The region is divided into different areas and this study will focus on the primary visual cortex (V1), which is considered the first cortical area of the visual pr ...
... represented and processed in our visual system. In mammals the visual cortex is essential for processing of visual input from the eyes. The region is divided into different areas and this study will focus on the primary visual cortex (V1), which is considered the first cortical area of the visual pr ...
Spatial and temporal frequency selectivity of neurons in
... components (Campbell & Robson, 1968; Glezer et al., 1973; Maffei & Fiorentini, 1973). While at one stage this may have been seen as incompatible with feature-based representations (Hubel & Wiesel, 1962, 1968), physiological and psychophysical studies have since indicated that different Fourier chann ...
... components (Campbell & Robson, 1968; Glezer et al., 1973; Maffei & Fiorentini, 1973). While at one stage this may have been seen as incompatible with feature-based representations (Hubel & Wiesel, 1962, 1968), physiological and psychophysical studies have since indicated that different Fourier chann ...
A neuronal network model of primary visual cortex explains spatial
... frequency because of the center-surround organization of their receptive fields (Kuffler 1953; Enroth-Cugell and Robson 1966; Rodieck 1965). However, the spatial frequency tuning of V1 neurons is often much narrower than that of retinal ganglion cells (Campbell et al. 1969; Movshon et al. 1978; DeVa ...
... frequency because of the center-surround organization of their receptive fields (Kuffler 1953; Enroth-Cugell and Robson 1966; Rodieck 1965). However, the spatial frequency tuning of V1 neurons is often much narrower than that of retinal ganglion cells (Campbell et al. 1969; Movshon et al. 1978; DeVa ...
Extended PDF
... Effect of Spatial Disparity on Audiovisual Integration In contrast to the interaction between task relevance and spatial disparity that was found in parietal areas, we observed a main effect of spatial disparity in low-level visual areas V1 and, marginally significant, in V2 (cf. solid lines are be ...
... Effect of Spatial Disparity on Audiovisual Integration In contrast to the interaction between task relevance and spatial disparity that was found in parietal areas, we observed a main effect of spatial disparity in low-level visual areas V1 and, marginally significant, in V2 (cf. solid lines are be ...
NOBA Memory (Encoding, Storage, Retrieval)
... huge numbers of digits, but we can all use images to encode information more effectively. The basic concept behind good encoding strategies is to form distinctive memories (ones that stand out), and to form links or associations among memories to help later retrieval (Hunt & McDaniel, 1993). Using s ...
... huge numbers of digits, but we can all use images to encode information more effectively. The basic concept behind good encoding strategies is to form distinctive memories (ones that stand out), and to form links or associations among memories to help later retrieval (Hunt & McDaniel, 1993). Using s ...
Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
... Theories of memory are often confined to ideas about how information is stored in the brain or about how knowledge is organized as a cognitive process; the present approach also considers the functions of motivational and emotional factors in learning and memory. These factors are organized under th ...
... Theories of memory are often confined to ideas about how information is stored in the brain or about how knowledge is organized as a cognitive process; the present approach also considers the functions of motivational and emotional factors in learning and memory. These factors are organized under th ...
Domain-general mechanisms of complex working memory span
... The measurement of WM capacity Variation in WM capacity across individuals correlates strongly with performance on a range of complex cognitive tasks (e.g., verbal SAT, Ravens Matrices, etc.). Through nearly 30 years of careful investigation, we and others (Bayliss et al., 2005; Conway et al., 2005; ...
... The measurement of WM capacity Variation in WM capacity across individuals correlates strongly with performance on a range of complex cognitive tasks (e.g., verbal SAT, Ravens Matrices, etc.). Through nearly 30 years of careful investigation, we and others (Bayliss et al., 2005; Conway et al., 2005; ...
Where is a Nose with Respect to a Foot? The Left
... they are able to identify the body parts that they cannot locate, suggesting that their deficit lies neither at the level of visual processing of isolated body parts, nor at the level of the semantic knowledge of the body. Recent accounts postulate that patients affected by autotopagnosia have a dama ...
... they are able to identify the body parts that they cannot locate, suggesting that their deficit lies neither at the level of visual processing of isolated body parts, nor at the level of the semantic knowledge of the body. Recent accounts postulate that patients affected by autotopagnosia have a dama ...
BIOINFORMATICS ORIGINAL PAPER
... called astrocytes. We use a geodesic feature space based on vascular structures and embed astrocytes into the space by spatial sampling. We then propose a quantification method in this feature space that enables us to empirically demonstrate that the spatial distribution of astrocytes is often corre ...
... called astrocytes. We use a geodesic feature space based on vascular structures and embed astrocytes into the space by spatial sampling. We then propose a quantification method in this feature space that enables us to empirically demonstrate that the spatial distribution of astrocytes is often corre ...
Transfer Effects and Conditional Learning in Rats With Selective
... VDB (Baxter, Bucci, Gorman, Wiley, & Gallagher, 1995) or a control surgery and then began training on the discrimination learning tasks. In particular, we tested rats on a conditional task that is impaired, in terms of both new learning and retention, by cholinergic MS/VDB lesions in monkeys (Ridley ...
... VDB (Baxter, Bucci, Gorman, Wiley, & Gallagher, 1995) or a control surgery and then began training on the discrimination learning tasks. In particular, we tested rats on a conditional task that is impaired, in terms of both new learning and retention, by cholinergic MS/VDB lesions in monkeys (Ridley ...
Superior Colliculus and Visual Spatial Attention
... 2004) tested spatial attention using changeblindness, the inability to detect changes in a visual scene when those changes are accompanied by a full-field transient such as a blank screen (Rensink 2002). Animals were shown three patches of random-dot motion and were required to detect if any patch ch ...
... 2004) tested spatial attention using changeblindness, the inability to detect changes in a visual scene when those changes are accompanied by a full-field transient such as a blank screen (Rensink 2002). Animals were shown three patches of random-dot motion and were required to detect if any patch ch ...
Visual Memory and Visual Perception Recruit
... takes ten or more minutes) in which a series of items are sequentially presented and participants are instructed to remember each item. In addition to the delay imposed by the length of the encoding phase, there is usually an additional delay on the order of minutes (although this delay can last hou ...
... takes ten or more minutes) in which a series of items are sequentially presented and participants are instructed to remember each item. In addition to the delay imposed by the length of the encoding phase, there is usually an additional delay on the order of minutes (although this delay can last hou ...
Attention maps in the brain - Site BU
... cognition operates on no more than a few items at once. Given these limitations, what we do or do not perceive is largely determined by attentional mechanisms that select information for enhanced cognitive processing. Spatial representations are a fundamental aspect of information coding within the ...
... cognition operates on no more than a few items at once. Given these limitations, what we do or do not perceive is largely determined by attentional mechanisms that select information for enhanced cognitive processing. Spatial representations are a fundamental aspect of information coding within the ...
Spatial memory
In cognitive psychology and neuroscience, spatial memory is the part of memory responsible for recording information about one's environment and its spatial orientation. For example, a person's spatial memory is required in order to navigate around a familiar city, just as a rat's spatial memory is needed to learn the location of food at the end of a maze. It is often argued that in both humans and animals, spatial memories are summarized as a cognitive map. Spatial memory has representations within working, short-term memory and long-term memory. Research indicates that there are specific areas of the brain associated with spatial memory. Many methods are used for measuring spatial memory in children, adults, and animals.