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Capital Account Liberalization, Institutions and Financial Development:
Capital Account Liberalization, Institutions and Financial Development:

... sum of currency outside the banking system, plus demand and interest bearing liabilities of the banking system. This measure, however, does not distinguish between allocation to private and public sector entities, and hence could misleadingly indicate that a country with directed lending to state ow ...
Managing Risks and Designing Products for Agricultural
Managing Risks and Designing Products for Agricultural

... adjusted to accommodate cyclical cash flows ...
Risk Cannot Explain the Muni Puzzle
Risk Cannot Explain the Muni Puzzle

... of tax-exempt and taxable bonds. More specifically, long-term taxexempt bond yields appear to be too high relative to yields on taxable bonds, while short-term tax-exempt yields are generally consistent with financial theory. The following excerpt from The Wall Street Journal describes a typical com ...
Varefortegnelse for klasse/rne 36 og 38 for MP1210109
Varefortegnelse for klasse/rne 36 og 38 for MP1210109

... ment for others; provident fund services; providing advice relating to the arranging of mortgages; providing extended warranty services for goods purchased using credit cards; providing financial and insurance information on-line from a computer database or a global communication network; providing ...
How to close the European investment gap?
How to close the European investment gap?

...  There is a lack of regional allocation priorities that target member states with special problems.  The strategy needs to focus on rebalancing the external accounts by promoting exports and import substitution in deficit countries. Nonetheless the programs will promote growth and employment in so ...
Excerpted from the Charity Commission guidance document: Charity
Excerpted from the Charity Commission guidance document: Charity

... Reserves are that part of a charity’s unrestricted funds that is freely available to spend on any of the charity’s purposes. This definition excludes restricted income funds and endowment funds, although holding such funds may influence a charity’s reserves policy. Reserves will also normally exclud ...
IFC Jobs Study : Assessing Private Sector Contributions To Job
IFC Jobs Study : Assessing Private Sector Contributions To Job

... 600 million. The number is so large, it’s almost incomprehensible. Yet that’s how many new jobs the world needs by 2020 just to keep up with the globe’s surging population. Getting there won’t be easy. It will be impossible without the private sector. Joblessness, especially among the poor, is a glo ...
Volume 74 No. 1, March 2011 Contents
Volume 74 No. 1, March 2011 Contents

... held at the Reserve Bank last December where the papers focused on issues around the transmission of economic and financial shocks in one country to other countries, an issue brought to prominence in the recent unusually synchronised international recession. Many of the papers presented raised as ma ...
METLIFE INC (Form: 8-K, Received: 05/21/2013 06
METLIFE INC (Form: 8-K, Received: 05/21/2013 06

... expectations or forecasts of future events and use words such as “anticipate”, “estimate,” “expect,” “project” and other terms of similar meaning. Any or all forward-looking statements may turn out to be wrong, and actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research

... all responses were checked by researchers in the United States against sources available here. Some inadvertent errors probably remain, and in addition we need to attach an important caveat to our description of tax rules. Tax regulations in these countries are currently very complicated and in flux ...
Self-Fulfilling Crises in the Eurozone: An Empirical Test
Self-Fulfilling Crises in the Eurozone: An Empirical Test

... period. This is as the theory predicts. We will analyze whether this result stands the scrutiny of econometric testing. Do the same developments occur in ‘stand-alone’ countries, i.e. countries that are not part of a monetary union and issue debt in their own currencies? We selected 14 ‘stand-alone’ ...
financial stability report
financial stability report

... After a relatively weak first half of the year in 2016, international economic activity increased in the second half, and this trend has continued into the opening months of 2017. However, the pace of growth remains subdued and much uncertainty surrounds the global macroeconomic outlook, owing mainl ...
Financial Stability Report - November 2016
Financial Stability Report - November 2016

... sharp and prolonged fall in corporate investment, which has continued even through the current recovery of the Portuguese economy; and (iii) the high level of long-term unemployment. The current size of public sector indebtedness is also a significant vulnerability in the Portuguese economy, aggrava ...
What Matters for Financial Development? Capital Controls
What Matters for Financial Development? Capital Controls

... In economies where the legal system does not clearly define property rights or guarantee the enforcement of contracts, the incentives for loan activities can be limited. Legal protections for creditors and the level of credibility and transparency of accounting rules are also likely to affect econom ...
The Politics of Central Banking and Implications for Regulatory
The Politics of Central Banking and Implications for Regulatory

... prudential regulation to ensure the stability of the financial system. They may also play a transformative role and use their regulatory powers to promote the development of a financial system that focuses on channelling financial resources into productive investment by actively encouraging financia ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CAPITAL ACCOUNT LIBERALIZATION, INSTITUTIONS AND FINANCIAL
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CAPITAL ACCOUNT LIBERALIZATION, INSTITUTIONS AND FINANCIAL

... sum of currency outside the banking system, plus demand and interest bearing liabilities of the banking system. This measure, however, does not distinguish between allocation to private and public sector entities, and hence could misleadingly indicate that a country with directed lending to state ow ...
GS 58-10-210 - North Carolina General Assembly
GS 58-10-210 - North Carolina General Assembly

... The lead or coordinating audit partner, having primary responsibility for the audit, may not act in that capacity for more than five consecutive years. The person shall be disqualified from acting in that or a similar capacity for the same company or its insurance subsidiaries or affiliates for a pe ...
Housing affordability and the economy: a review of macroeconomic
Housing affordability and the economy: a review of macroeconomic

... limiting the negative impact on spending due to wealth and related effects. Australia may not always be so lucky. The nature of risk, looking forward in time, is that today’s current soft landing gives no guarantees that the next time – or the time after that – will result in a similarly benign outc ...
Bank of England External MPC Unit Discussion Paper No. 46
Bank of England External MPC Unit Discussion Paper No. 46

... concern. For example, in a standard endowment economy model, a country which experiences a negative temporary shock to output (such as from a natural disaster) should borrow from abroad and run a current account deficit in order to smooth consumption over time. Classical economic models show that a ...
Uncertainty shocks, asset supply and pricing over the business cycle
Uncertainty shocks, asset supply and pricing over the business cycle

... corporate sector leverage and payout. Our modeling approach introduces three new elements. First, we allow firms to respond to changes in the equity premium by endogenously adjusting shareholder payout and leverage, both of which are included as observables in the estimation. We thus confront the ex ...
Office Space Supply and Restrictions
Office Space Supply and Restrictions

... common forms of conservation designation. It does not, however, capture costs imposed by compliance complexity or delays in decision making. In addition, it only gives a ‘cost’ not a net welfare or net impact on output measure. As is well known, there are measurable benefits from some aspects of reg ...
LCCARL216_en.pdf
LCCARL216_en.pdf

... were between 70% and 100% of output. Fiscal debt sustainability in the Caribbean is a key challenge for most countries, hence the need to strengthen their public finances through some combination of increases in tax revenue, cuts in non-essential spending and enhancements of public expenditure effic ...
Export and Import Price Index Manual, Chapter 4 Valuation
Export and Import Price Index Manual, Chapter 4 Valuation

... is on basic and purchasers’ prices and the three factors that need to be considered in converting output and imports from basic prices to purchasers’ prices, and vice versa, are: transport margins, trade margins, and taxes less subsidies on products. 4.12 The United Nations guidelines on Internation ...
85th Annual Report - Bank for International Settlements
85th Annual Report - Bank for International Settlements

... III.3 Resource misallocations from credit booms hold back productivity growth . . . . . III.4 Ageing will weigh on public debt and growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III.5 GDP, credit and capital inflows in EMEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
3 Generic-Culpepper-Economy - ddi09
3 Generic-Culpepper-Economy - ddi09

... Links – Legal Services ..................................................................................................................................... 64 Links – Postal Service ..................................................................................................................... ...
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Public finance

Public finance is the study of the role of the government in the economy. It is the branch of economics which assesses the government revenue and government expenditure of the public authorities and the adjustment of one or the other to achieve desirable effects and avoid undesirable ones.The purview of public finance is considered to be threefold: governmental effects on (1) efficient allocation of resources, (2) distribution of income, and (3) macroeconomic stabilization.
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