Elucidating Flux Regulation of the Fermentation Modes of
... It is impossible to complete my PhD study without the help of many people. First of all, I must express my sincerest gratitude to my supervisors, Christian Solem and Peter Ruhdal Jensen. Christian has taught me numerous principles, skills and knowledge in practical as well as theoretical molecular b ...
... It is impossible to complete my PhD study without the help of many people. First of all, I must express my sincerest gratitude to my supervisors, Christian Solem and Peter Ruhdal Jensen. Christian has taught me numerous principles, skills and knowledge in practical as well as theoretical molecular b ...
STUDIES ON THE CHLORAMPHENICOL HALOGENASE CmlS
... FAD 8α methyl group was discovered. This is a novel post-translational modification that is likely conserved among a large subset of flavin dependent halogenases and raises interesting questions about the catalytic mechanism of flavin dependent halogenation. Another key enzyme involved in the incorp ...
... FAD 8α methyl group was discovered. This is a novel post-translational modification that is likely conserved among a large subset of flavin dependent halogenases and raises interesting questions about the catalytic mechanism of flavin dependent halogenation. Another key enzyme involved in the incorp ...
University of Groningen Citrate driven transamination for
... the chemically unstable α-acetolactate results in the formation of diacetyl in a non-enzymatic oxidative decarboxylation reaction (38, 73), but the majority is decarboxylated to acetoin by αacetolactate decarboxylase (ALD). The latter enzyme is encoded by the aldB gene located in the leu-ilv-ald ope ...
... the chemically unstable α-acetolactate results in the formation of diacetyl in a non-enzymatic oxidative decarboxylation reaction (38, 73), but the majority is decarboxylated to acetoin by αacetolactate decarboxylase (ALD). The latter enzyme is encoded by the aldB gene located in the leu-ilv-ald ope ...
Control of methionine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli
... E. coli mutants resistant to methionine analogues extract (40 pg protein). Incubation was carried out for 30 min at 37 "C, the reaction being terminated by the addition of 1.1 ml ice-cold 0.34 MHCI. The incubation mixtures were kept on ice and applied to an SPSephadex (C-25) column (6 mm x 60 mm). ...
... E. coli mutants resistant to methionine analogues extract (40 pg protein). Incubation was carried out for 30 min at 37 "C, the reaction being terminated by the addition of 1.1 ml ice-cold 0.34 MHCI. The incubation mixtures were kept on ice and applied to an SPSephadex (C-25) column (6 mm x 60 mm). ...
2014_ACIC - DIGITAL.CSIC, el repositorio institucional
... soft Gemini molecules from biocompatible single chain amino acid-based surfactants. These new molecules combine the advantages of Gemini surfactants in terms of efficiency with the biocompatibility of amino acids (biodegradability, and lower toxicity). The first attempt to prepare cationic Gemini su ...
... soft Gemini molecules from biocompatible single chain amino acid-based surfactants. These new molecules combine the advantages of Gemini surfactants in terms of efficiency with the biocompatibility of amino acids (biodegradability, and lower toxicity). The first attempt to prepare cationic Gemini su ...
Glucosinolates and their potential role in plant
... Fe2+ ions, the formation of nitriles occurs in vitro (30), while in vivo a protein factor such as epithiospecifier protein (ESP) is involved (31, 32). In the presence of ESP, glucosinolates with a terminal double bond in their side chain have an epithionitrile as hydrolysis product. Thiocyanates are ...
... Fe2+ ions, the formation of nitriles occurs in vitro (30), while in vivo a protein factor such as epithiospecifier protein (ESP) is involved (31, 32). In the presence of ESP, glucosinolates with a terminal double bond in their side chain have an epithionitrile as hydrolysis product. Thiocyanates are ...
Guide to Nutritional Supplements
... supplement, based on their own experience and on the best scientific evidence available. This compilation of articles from the acclaimed EHN focuses on nutritional supplements1. These include the traditional, well-known substances such as vitamins and major minerals, present in most diets consumed b ...
... supplement, based on their own experience and on the best scientific evidence available. This compilation of articles from the acclaimed EHN focuses on nutritional supplements1. These include the traditional, well-known substances such as vitamins and major minerals, present in most diets consumed b ...
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access
... neurotoxins it produces. Seven original serotypes; A, B, C-α, D, E, F, G have been described, as well as a more recent 8th serotype, C-β. However, this serotype produces C2-toxin which is neither a neurotoxin nor a causative agent of botulism (Hatheway, 1998). As well as being categorised on the dis ...
... neurotoxins it produces. Seven original serotypes; A, B, C-α, D, E, F, G have been described, as well as a more recent 8th serotype, C-β. However, this serotype produces C2-toxin which is neither a neurotoxin nor a causative agent of botulism (Hatheway, 1998). As well as being categorised on the dis ...
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
... produces 4 . 2 kJ of protein per kJ of fossil fuel used in its cultivation while soya bean requires about 8.8 kJ per kJ protein produced. Protein production by intensive animal husbandry methods is highly energy consumIng, requlflng approximately 197.4 kJ per kJ of protein. Therefore, more direct co ...
... produces 4 . 2 kJ of protein per kJ of fossil fuel used in its cultivation while soya bean requires about 8.8 kJ per kJ protein produced. Protein production by intensive animal husbandry methods is highly energy consumIng, requlflng approximately 197.4 kJ per kJ of protein. Therefore, more direct co ...
Safety Assessment of Palmitoyl Oligopeptides as Used in Cosmetics
... Studies relating to palmitoyl oligopeptide-induced skin rejuvenation are included in Table 3. Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 The anti-wrinkle effect, due to increased collagen synthesis, of palmitoyl tripeptide-1 (palmitoyl-Gly-His-Lys) was evaluated in a blind, vehicle-controlled test involving 15 female s ...
... Studies relating to palmitoyl oligopeptide-induced skin rejuvenation are included in Table 3. Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 The anti-wrinkle effect, due to increased collagen synthesis, of palmitoyl tripeptide-1 (palmitoyl-Gly-His-Lys) was evaluated in a blind, vehicle-controlled test involving 15 female s ...
Some pyridoxal analogs and their transamination with amino acids
... the dissociation constants of these acidic and basic groups be important factors in effecting the efficiency of the catalysis? If so, then how does the stereochemical arrangement of these groups in relation to the coenzyme-substrate complex account for the catalysis? Furthermore, how important are d ...
... the dissociation constants of these acidic and basic groups be important factors in effecting the efficiency of the catalysis? If so, then how does the stereochemical arrangement of these groups in relation to the coenzyme-substrate complex account for the catalysis? Furthermore, how important are d ...
Photometric Detection of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotides
... cells ranging around 300 μM. However, over 80% of NADH is bound to proteins, so the concentration of free coenzymes is much lower. The main role of NAD(P)+ in metabolism is the transfer of electrons from one redox reaction to another, which is very important in the release of energy from nutrients. ...
... cells ranging around 300 μM. However, over 80% of NADH is bound to proteins, so the concentration of free coenzymes is much lower. The main role of NAD(P)+ in metabolism is the transfer of electrons from one redox reaction to another, which is very important in the release of energy from nutrients. ...
University of Groningen The functional relationship between
... of fat-soluble nutrients and the excretion of (fat-soluble) waste products and toxins. The functional compounds in bile are bile salts and phospholipids. After secretion into the bile, bile salts and phospholipids form mixed-micelles, which are the carriers of fat-soluble compounds that facilitate t ...
... of fat-soluble nutrients and the excretion of (fat-soluble) waste products and toxins. The functional compounds in bile are bile salts and phospholipids. After secretion into the bile, bile salts and phospholipids form mixed-micelles, which are the carriers of fat-soluble compounds that facilitate t ...
A mutation mimicking ligandinduced conformational change yields a
... references therein). RARs bind, and are activated by, alltrans (tRA) and 9-cis (9c-RA) retinoic acids, while RXRs respond only to 9c-RA. In addition, synthetic retinoids have been described which act as RAR (isotype)- and pan-RXR-specific agonists or antagonists (see Lehmann et al., 1992; Apfel et a ...
... references therein). RARs bind, and are activated by, alltrans (tRA) and 9-cis (9c-RA) retinoic acids, while RXRs respond only to 9c-RA. In addition, synthetic retinoids have been described which act as RAR (isotype)- and pan-RXR-specific agonists or antagonists (see Lehmann et al., 1992; Apfel et a ...
Penetration of human skin by the cercariae of
... in the present study, it is unlikely to happen in the field where a much smaller number of cercariae will be invading a host at any one time. Consequently, it seems unlikely that a selective advantage offered by group penetration could have given rise to the evolution of a specific orientation syste ...
... in the present study, it is unlikely to happen in the field where a much smaller number of cercariae will be invading a host at any one time. Consequently, it seems unlikely that a selective advantage offered by group penetration could have given rise to the evolution of a specific orientation syste ...
ESTUDIO DE LOS MECANISMOS DE INHIBICIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD CARNITINA PALMITOILTRANSFERASA 1
... The enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)1 I catalyzes the conversion of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs to acylcarnitines, which is the first step in the transport of fatty acyl-CoA groups from the cytosol to mitochondria where they undergo -oxidation. This reaction is inhibited by malonyl-CoA, a ...
... The enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)1 I catalyzes the conversion of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs to acylcarnitines, which is the first step in the transport of fatty acyl-CoA groups from the cytosol to mitochondria where they undergo -oxidation. This reaction is inhibited by malonyl-CoA, a ...
Contribution of 13C-NMR spectroscopy to the elucidation of
... pyruvate and oxaloacetate are formed, respectively. These intermediates can be partially oxidized to acetate and partially reduced to propionate leading to stoichiometries as given in Table 2 (Eqs. 1 and 2). Also glutamate may be converted reductively to propionate (Table 2, Eq. 3). This was describ ...
... pyruvate and oxaloacetate are formed, respectively. These intermediates can be partially oxidized to acetate and partially reduced to propionate leading to stoichiometries as given in Table 2 (Eqs. 1 and 2). Also glutamate may be converted reductively to propionate (Table 2, Eq. 3). This was describ ...
Collagen in the Human Lung
... used. The pathologic diagnoses of the tumors were: R. E., adenocarcinoma; T. J., adenocarcinoma; B. T., adenocarcinoma; ...
... used. The pathologic diagnoses of the tumors were: R. E., adenocarcinoma; T. J., adenocarcinoma; B. T., adenocarcinoma; ...
DMD #620 1 Identification of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
... an active compound once it enters the systemic circulation (Beaumont et al., 2003). Carboxylesterases (CESs, EC.3.1.1.1.) are essential to achieve these requirements because they play an important role in biotransformation of many ester-prodrugs. Mammalian CESs are members of a α, β-hydrolase-fold f ...
... an active compound once it enters the systemic circulation (Beaumont et al., 2003). Carboxylesterases (CESs, EC.3.1.1.1.) are essential to achieve these requirements because they play an important role in biotransformation of many ester-prodrugs. Mammalian CESs are members of a α, β-hydrolase-fold f ...
glucagon superfamily peptides exhibiting nuclear hormone
... different tissues to form a number of different proglucagon-derived peptides, including glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) and oxyntomodulin (OXM), that are involved in a wide variety of physiological functions, including glucose homeostasis, insulin secretion ...
... different tissues to form a number of different proglucagon-derived peptides, including glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) and oxyntomodulin (OXM), that are involved in a wide variety of physiological functions, including glucose homeostasis, insulin secretion ...
Amino Acid-Protecting Groups
... - α,α-Dimethyl-3,5-dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl (Ddz).36 Although Ddz is more acid-stable than the Bpoc and the Trt groups, its removal with 1-5% TFA in DCM makes it compatible with t Bu-type side chain protection.,37 It can also be removed by photolysis at wavelengths above 280 nm,36 which makes it p ...
... - α,α-Dimethyl-3,5-dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl (Ddz).36 Although Ddz is more acid-stable than the Bpoc and the Trt groups, its removal with 1-5% TFA in DCM makes it compatible with t Bu-type side chain protection.,37 It can also be removed by photolysis at wavelengths above 280 nm,36 which makes it p ...
Molecular Mechanisms of Inhibition of Streptococcus Species by
... Many of these adhesins are anchored to the cell wall peptidoglycan via their C-terminus or to the cell membrane via their N-terminal lipid (lipoproteins), and other adhesins remain surface localized through non-covalent interactions with other proteins or polysaccharides on the cell surface [6,44]. ...
... Many of these adhesins are anchored to the cell wall peptidoglycan via their C-terminus or to the cell membrane via their N-terminal lipid (lipoproteins), and other adhesins remain surface localized through non-covalent interactions with other proteins or polysaccharides on the cell surface [6,44]. ...
Self-Incompatibility-induced Programmed Cell
... Under normal cellular conditions, [pH] cyt is between ~6.9 and 7.5 (Kurkdjian and Guern, 1989; Felle, 2001). Pollen tubes, like other tip growing cells, have [pH] cyt gradients (Gibbon and Kropf, 1994; Feijo et al., 1999). The [pH]cyt of the pollen tube shank is pH ~6.9 - 7.11 (Fricker et al., 1997; ...
... Under normal cellular conditions, [pH] cyt is between ~6.9 and 7.5 (Kurkdjian and Guern, 1989; Felle, 2001). Pollen tubes, like other tip growing cells, have [pH] cyt gradients (Gibbon and Kropf, 1994; Feijo et al., 1999). The [pH]cyt of the pollen tube shank is pH ~6.9 - 7.11 (Fricker et al., 1997; ...
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... regulate the expression of target genes by binding as homodimers to short DNA sequence motifs, termed hormone response elements (HREs) (Glass, 1994). In this manner, the steroid hormone receptors function as ligand-activated transcription factors. The molecular cloning of steroid hormone receptors r ...
... regulate the expression of target genes by binding as homodimers to short DNA sequence motifs, termed hormone response elements (HREs) (Glass, 1994). In this manner, the steroid hormone receptors function as ligand-activated transcription factors. The molecular cloning of steroid hormone receptors r ...
Hepoxilin
Hepoxilins (HxA3 and HxB3) are nonclassic eicosanoid hormones involved in inflammation.