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Anyons and the quantum Hall effect— A pedagogical
... the wave function should be anti-symmetric, for bosons it should be symmetric. It is impossible to overrate the importance of these symmetries in determining the properties of quantum systems made of many identical particles. Bosons form superfluids, fermions form Fermi liquids. The former may carry ...
... the wave function should be anti-symmetric, for bosons it should be symmetric. It is impossible to overrate the importance of these symmetries in determining the properties of quantum systems made of many identical particles. Bosons form superfluids, fermions form Fermi liquids. The former may carry ...
Simulations of prompt many-body ionization in a frozen Rydberg gas Robicheaux
... Fig. 1 while the value was 2.1 in Ref. [2]. This difference is due to the choice made for the initial electron conditions as discussed in Sec. II. The results for the two-atom case have the simplest explanation. As the separation decreases, the probability that at least one atom will ionize rises to ...
... Fig. 1 while the value was 2.1 in Ref. [2]. This difference is due to the choice made for the initial electron conditions as discussed in Sec. II. The results for the two-atom case have the simplest explanation. As the separation decreases, the probability that at least one atom will ionize rises to ...
SQA CfE Higher Chemistry Unit 1: Chemical Changes and Structure
... All substances are made up of particles called atoms, ions or molecules, and these particles are constantly moving. The degree of movement depends upon the state of the substance. This is known as the "kinetic model" of matter. In any sample of solution, liquid or gas there is a range of kinetic ene ...
... All substances are made up of particles called atoms, ions or molecules, and these particles are constantly moving. The degree of movement depends upon the state of the substance. This is known as the "kinetic model" of matter. In any sample of solution, liquid or gas there is a range of kinetic ene ...
Chapter 23 Metals and Metallurgy
... • Transition metals often have more than one common oxidation state. – Most have +2 state due to loss of s electrons. – Oxidation numbers greater than 2 are due to the loss of d electrons as well as s. Metals and Metallurgy © 2009, Prentice-Hall, Inc. ...
... • Transition metals often have more than one common oxidation state. – Most have +2 state due to loss of s electrons. – Oxidation numbers greater than 2 are due to the loss of d electrons as well as s. Metals and Metallurgy © 2009, Prentice-Hall, Inc. ...
Articles - Theoretical and Computational Inorganic Chemistry
... geometry optimization on the free buckminsterfullerene molecule under D2h symmetry constraints. The computed values of 1.392 and 1.447 Å respectively for the [6,6] and [6,5] bonds are very close to the experimental values of 1.391 and 1.455 Å from neutron powder diffraction9a and of 1.401 and 1.458 ...
... geometry optimization on the free buckminsterfullerene molecule under D2h symmetry constraints. The computed values of 1.392 and 1.447 Å respectively for the [6,6] and [6,5] bonds are very close to the experimental values of 1.391 and 1.455 Å from neutron powder diffraction9a and of 1.401 and 1.458 ...
Some basic concepts of chemistry
... electrons, protons, neutrons the atom can no longer be indivisible. Discovery of isotopes indicated that all atoms of the same elements are not perfectly identical. They may differ in their masses. Atoms of different elements may posses the same mass (isobar) but they always have different atomic nu ...
... electrons, protons, neutrons the atom can no longer be indivisible. Discovery of isotopes indicated that all atoms of the same elements are not perfectly identical. They may differ in their masses. Atoms of different elements may posses the same mass (isobar) but they always have different atomic nu ...
“New Horizons in Condensed Matter Physics”
... The new physics of graphene in external potentials is discussed. Single layer graphene has a massless Dirac cone band structure. However a gap opens up when the graphene is placed on an appropriate substrate such as hexagonal boron nitride. In the presence of an external potential this system become ...
... The new physics of graphene in external potentials is discussed. Single layer graphene has a massless Dirac cone band structure. However a gap opens up when the graphene is placed on an appropriate substrate such as hexagonal boron nitride. In the presence of an external potential this system become ...
Analytical Techniques for Elemental Analysis of Minerals
... halides–carbonates–nitrates–borates–phosphates–sulfates–tungstates–silicates), Table 2 clearly shows the dominance of minerals (about 96.5%) that belong to the mineral group of the silicates. Therefore it is obvious to concentrate in this article on the elemental analysis of silicate minerals. Major ...
... halides–carbonates–nitrates–borates–phosphates–sulfates–tungstates–silicates), Table 2 clearly shows the dominance of minerals (about 96.5%) that belong to the mineral group of the silicates. Therefore it is obvious to concentrate in this article on the elemental analysis of silicate minerals. Major ...
Chapter 5 | Molecular Orbitals
... Although apparently satisfactory Lewis electron-dot structures of N2, O2, and F2 can be drawn, the same is not true with Li2, Be2, B2, and C2, which violate the octet rule. In addition, the Lewis structure of O2 predicts a double-bonded, diamagnetic (all electrons paired) molecule ( O O ), but exper ...
... Although apparently satisfactory Lewis electron-dot structures of N2, O2, and F2 can be drawn, the same is not true with Li2, Be2, B2, and C2, which violate the octet rule. In addition, the Lewis structure of O2 predicts a double-bonded, diamagnetic (all electrons paired) molecule ( O O ), but exper ...
Carbon nanotube quantum dots on hexagonal boron nitride
... The structure of our devices is shown schematically in figure 1a. Figure 1b shows the optical microscopy image of a ~ 28 nm thick hBN flake after CNT growth. The contrast and color allow for an initial screening for suitable flakes on a marker field before the device fabrication [3]. The CNTs are no ...
... The structure of our devices is shown schematically in figure 1a. Figure 1b shows the optical microscopy image of a ~ 28 nm thick hBN flake after CNT growth. The contrast and color allow for an initial screening for suitable flakes on a marker field before the device fabrication [3]. The CNTs are no ...
Atomic Polar Tensor Transferabllity and Atomic Charges kr the
... in ref 1. (RtY)represents the center of charge of the h brid orbital (pv),where p and v indicate orbitals of atom A, and R,,YB represents the bonding center of charge since p and v belong to different atoms, A and B, whether chemically bonded or not. These contributions in expression 1 are known, re ...
... in ref 1. (RtY)represents the center of charge of the h brid orbital (pv),where p and v indicate orbitals of atom A, and R,,YB represents the bonding center of charge since p and v belong to different atoms, A and B, whether chemically bonded or not. These contributions in expression 1 are known, re ...
Compounds of Chlorine
... The X-Cl bond is an electron pair covalent bond with a highly polar nature. In this regard, chlorine is similar to uorine. However, there are two key features with regard to chlorine's bonding that dierentiates it from uorine. 1. Unlike uorine, chlorine can form multiple covalent bonds, e.g., Cl ...
... The X-Cl bond is an electron pair covalent bond with a highly polar nature. In this regard, chlorine is similar to uorine. However, there are two key features with regard to chlorine's bonding that dierentiates it from uorine. 1. Unlike uorine, chlorine can form multiple covalent bonds, e.g., Cl ...
Chem 1B Fa2015 FinalExam Review
... and exhibits geometric isomerism. Determine the molecular structure of each complex and draw the electron configurations of d-orbital in the crystal field models that are cocnsistent with their magnetic properties. (Electron configurations for Ni2+ and Pt2+ are [Ar] 3d8 and [Xe] 4f14 5d8, respective ...
... and exhibits geometric isomerism. Determine the molecular structure of each complex and draw the electron configurations of d-orbital in the crystal field models that are cocnsistent with their magnetic properties. (Electron configurations for Ni2+ and Pt2+ are [Ar] 3d8 and [Xe] 4f14 5d8, respective ...
A Bird`s-Eye View of Density
... recognizes that nonrelativistic Coulomb systems differ only by their potential v(r), and supplies a prescription for dealing with the universal operators T̂ and Û once and for all.8 Furthermore, DFT provides a way to systematically map the many-body problem, with Û, onto a single-body problem, wit ...
... recognizes that nonrelativistic Coulomb systems differ only by their potential v(r), and supplies a prescription for dealing with the universal operators T̂ and Û once and for all.8 Furthermore, DFT provides a way to systematically map the many-body problem, with Û, onto a single-body problem, wit ...
Electron configuration
In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals. For example, the electron configuration of the neon atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6.Electronic configurations describe electrons as each moving independently in an orbital, in an average field created by all other orbitals. Mathematically, configurations are described by Slater determinants or configuration state functions.According to the laws of quantum mechanics, for systems with only one electron, an energy is associated with each electron configuration and, upon certain conditions, electrons are able to move from one configuration to another by the emission or absorption of a quantum of energy, in the form of a photon.Knowledge of the electron configuration of different atoms is useful in understanding the structure of the periodic table of elements. The concept is also useful for describing the chemical bonds that hold atoms together. In bulk materials, this same idea helps explain the peculiar properties of lasers and semiconductors.