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Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 197403
Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 197403

... the effective noncollinear hyperfine coupling that was first proposed in Ref. [13] to explain nuclear spin relaxation in self-assembled QDs. Our experiments demonstrate that the nature of resonant DNSP depends drastically on whether the blue (higher energy) or the red (lower energy) Zeeman transitio ...
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Lenz vector operations on spherical hydrogen atom

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...  What properties of the electron do the principal quantum number(n), the angular momentum quantum number(l) and the magnetic quantum number determine(ml). What values can each of these quantum numbers have, how are their values related?  What are the shapes of the orbitals for different values of ...
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... A region of high electron density = high probability of finding an electron ...
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Assignment 10 - Duke Physics

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Entanglement of Identical Particles

... Entanglement of Identical Particles In quantum entanglement, two particles are correlated in such a way that any action on one of them affects the other even when they are far apart. The traditional methods of measuring the degree of quantum entanglement were originally developed for nonidentical pa ...
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Spin-orbit-coupled Bose

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Vibrational motion

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Density Matrices and the Weak Quantum Numbers

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... Although the energies of the hydrogen atom states can be described by the single quantum number n, the wave functions describing these states require three quantum numbers, corresponding to the three dimensions of the space in which electron can move. Each set of quantum numbers (n, l, ml ) identifi ...
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Quantum Mechanical Path Integrals with Wiener Measures for all

... Path integrals for evolution operators of quantum mechanical systems are almost always defined as the limits of expressions involving finitely many integrals. ' Efforts to define them as integrals involving genuine measures on path spaces of continuous paths, or as limits of such integrals, have bee ...
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... If you have ever said to yourself, “I just don’t know where to start,” then THIS is how you start. The steps below are general enough to apply to any problem and will help organize your approach when you cannot immediately see how to obtain the answer to a problem. If you have ever said to yourself, ...
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Spin, or actually: Spin and Quantum Statistics∗
Spin, or actually: Spin and Quantum Statistics∗

< 1 ... 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 ... 94 >

Spin (physics)

In quantum mechanics and particle physics, spin is an intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles, composite particles (hadrons), and atomic nuclei.Spin is one of two types of angular momentum in quantum mechanics, the other being orbital angular momentum. The orbital angular momentum operator is the quantum-mechanical counterpart to the classical notion of angular momentum: it arises when a particle executes a rotating or twisting trajectory (such as when an electron orbits a nucleus). The existence of spin angular momentum is inferred from experiments, such as the Stern–Gerlach experiment, in which particles are observed to possess angular momentum that cannot be accounted for by orbital angular momentum alone.In some ways, spin is like a vector quantity; it has a definite magnitude, and it has a ""direction"" (but quantization makes this ""direction"" different from the direction of an ordinary vector). All elementary particles of a given kind have the same magnitude of spin angular momentum, which is indicated by assigning the particle a spin quantum number.The SI unit of spin is the joule-second, just as with classical angular momentum. In practice, however, it is written as a multiple of the reduced Planck constant ħ, usually in natural units, where the ħ is omitted, resulting in a unitless number. Spin quantum numbers are unitless numbers by definition.When combined with the spin-statistics theorem, the spin of electrons results in the Pauli exclusion principle, which in turn underlies the periodic table of chemical elements.Wolfgang Pauli was the first to propose the concept of spin, but he did not name it. In 1925, Ralph Kronig, George Uhlenbeck and Samuel Goudsmit at Leiden University suggested a physical interpretation of particles spinning around their own axis. The mathematical theory was worked out in depth by Pauli in 1927. When Paul Dirac derived his relativistic quantum mechanics in 1928, electron spin was an essential part of it.
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