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Quantum Mechanics
Quantum Mechanics

Low-energy spectrum and finite temperature properties of quantum
Low-energy spectrum and finite temperature properties of quantum

... are R = N rs /π and ω0 = CF ~2 π 2 /(32mrs2 ). The Heisenberg coupling energy of the model Hamiltonian can be fitted to the splitting of the lowest band (vibrational ground state) at a given angular momentum. For example, for six electrons J can be determined from the energy difference of the lowest ...
n - IN2P3
n - IN2P3

spdfgh
spdfgh

bass
bass

Quantitative model of high Tc super-conductivity and bio
Quantitative model of high Tc super-conductivity and bio

Two-orbital SU(N) magnetism with ultracold alkaline-earth
Two-orbital SU(N) magnetism with ultracold alkaline-earth

Relativistic Field Theories of Elementary Particles
Relativistic Field Theories of Elementary Particles

New Measurement of the Electron Magnetic Moment Using a One
New Measurement of the Electron Magnetic Moment Using a One

Correlation Length versus Gap in Frustration-Free
Correlation Length versus Gap in Frustration-Free

On the Extra Anomalous Gyromagnetic Ratio of the Electron and
On the Extra Anomalous Gyromagnetic Ratio of the Electron and

... description of the Electron hence it being referred in most of the literature as the “Dirac Equation for the Electron”. It also accounts very well for quarks and other spin-1/2 particles although in some of the cases, there is need for modifications while in others is fails - for example, one needs ...
Generation of arbitrary Dicke states in spinor Bose±Einstein
Generation of arbitrary Dicke states in spinor Bose±Einstein

... sphere. Squeezing and entanglement are oftentimes closely related. In particular, it is well known that the quadratic Hamiltonian Hspin ˆ j J^z2 also produces entanglement in a collective spin system. In particular, starting from the ground state jj; jix , Hspin generates at time t ˆ hp=…2j† the s ...
Universal Long-Time Behavior of Nuclear Spin Decays in a Solid
Universal Long-Time Behavior of Nuclear Spin Decays in a Solid

Single defect centres in diamond: A review
Single defect centres in diamond: A review

Subnanometre resolution in three-dimensional magnetic resonance
Subnanometre resolution in three-dimensional magnetic resonance

... the observed dark-spin signal as a function of magnetic tip position is offset and/or broadened from the measured PSF, and the darkspin spatial distribution can be found via deconvolution (Fig. 1c). An important feature of our technique is that by directly measuring the dark-spin PSF there is no rel ...
Creation and Annihilation Operators
Creation and Annihilation Operators

... ◦ Obviously, HFS can contain linear combinations of states with different numbers of particles. While this may at first seem strange, it is no more “unnatural” than harmonic oscillator states, such as coherent states, that do not contain a definite number of phonons. Allowing the number of particles ...
Document
Document

... D: H2O > F > RCO2 > OH > Cl > Br > I (also proton basicity) Adding in water, hydroxide and carboxylate D: H2O > F > RCO2 > OH > Cl > Br > I p accepting ligands increase splitting and may be low spin D: CO, CN-, > phenanthroline > NO2- > NCS- ...
Neutron scattering from quantum condensed matter
Neutron scattering from quantum condensed matter

... ‘fractionalize’ into two fermions with spin S = 1/2. Excitations from the quantumdisordered ground state were suggested to be fermions, not bosons, as in the standard picture. This prediction was confirmed by neutron scattering 23. The fermonic quasiparticles, now known as spinons, are thermally exc ...
Time-Reversal-Symmetry-Broken Quantum Spin Hall Effect
Time-Reversal-Symmetry-Broken Quantum Spin Hall Effect

... and propagate along the same þx direction. As a result, in the QAH phase, two edge states at each boundary lead to spin-up and spin-down currents propagating along the same direction, yielding a quantized charge conductance. The symmetry-broken QSH and QAH phases are topologically distinct. The topo ...
Characterizing Si: P quantum dot qubits with spin resonance
Characterizing Si: P quantum dot qubits with spin resonance

Fermionic Vortices Find their Dual - Physics (APS)
Fermionic Vortices Find their Dual - Physics (APS)

... two-dimensional condensed-matter systems, such as fractional quantum Hall states, superconducting thin films, and beyond-Landau critical phenomena [6]. Vortices can be fermions. A dual description of a system with fermionic vortices thus requires a new ingredient, since it must include such a fermio ...
Study of Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Cobalt
Study of Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Cobalt

Representations for understanding the Stern-Gerlach
Representations for understanding the Stern-Gerlach

Direct Measurement of Topological Numbers with
Direct Measurement of Topological Numbers with

Some Open Problems in Exactly Solvable Models
Some Open Problems in Exactly Solvable Models

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Spin (physics)

In quantum mechanics and particle physics, spin is an intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles, composite particles (hadrons), and atomic nuclei.Spin is one of two types of angular momentum in quantum mechanics, the other being orbital angular momentum. The orbital angular momentum operator is the quantum-mechanical counterpart to the classical notion of angular momentum: it arises when a particle executes a rotating or twisting trajectory (such as when an electron orbits a nucleus). The existence of spin angular momentum is inferred from experiments, such as the Stern–Gerlach experiment, in which particles are observed to possess angular momentum that cannot be accounted for by orbital angular momentum alone.In some ways, spin is like a vector quantity; it has a definite magnitude, and it has a ""direction"" (but quantization makes this ""direction"" different from the direction of an ordinary vector). All elementary particles of a given kind have the same magnitude of spin angular momentum, which is indicated by assigning the particle a spin quantum number.The SI unit of spin is the joule-second, just as with classical angular momentum. In practice, however, it is written as a multiple of the reduced Planck constant ħ, usually in natural units, where the ħ is omitted, resulting in a unitless number. Spin quantum numbers are unitless numbers by definition.When combined with the spin-statistics theorem, the spin of electrons results in the Pauli exclusion principle, which in turn underlies the periodic table of chemical elements.Wolfgang Pauli was the first to propose the concept of spin, but he did not name it. In 1925, Ralph Kronig, George Uhlenbeck and Samuel Goudsmit at Leiden University suggested a physical interpretation of particles spinning around their own axis. The mathematical theory was worked out in depth by Pauli in 1927. When Paul Dirac derived his relativistic quantum mechanics in 1928, electron spin was an essential part of it.
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