Editor`s Introduction: Civilization (Critical Concepts in
... For a period in the twentieth century, following two World Wars, the Great Depression, and the Holocaust, it seemed as though the very idea of civilization might be rendered something of an anachronism. As Wolf Schäfer notes, ‘Sociologists, anthropologists and historians have learned to avoid civili ...
... For a period in the twentieth century, following two World Wars, the Great Depression, and the Holocaust, it seemed as though the very idea of civilization might be rendered something of an anachronism. As Wolf Schäfer notes, ‘Sociologists, anthropologists and historians have learned to avoid civili ...
A Critical Analysis of Rousseau`s Narrative of Subjectivity
... In many ways determining an all-inclusive label for Rousseau’s work would entail anachronistically applying a retrospective appellation based upon distinctions that did not exist during the period when Rousseau was writing. Although it is clear that many of these designations are in fact accurate, ...
... In many ways determining an all-inclusive label for Rousseau’s work would entail anachronistically applying a retrospective appellation based upon distinctions that did not exist during the period when Rousseau was writing. Although it is clear that many of these designations are in fact accurate, ...
The Sovereign and the Social: Arendt`s
... Freedom is understood as freedom from politics, the liberty not to engage in politics. Politics is reduced to the state and to government: [F]or government, which since the beginning of the modern age had been identified with the total domain of the political, was now considered to be the appointed ...
... Freedom is understood as freedom from politics, the liberty not to engage in politics. Politics is reduced to the state and to government: [F]or government, which since the beginning of the modern age had been identified with the total domain of the political, was now considered to be the appointed ...
THE MORAL DIMENSION OF THOMASS HOBBES POLITICAL
... agreement that rational as well as self-interested people create. In his analysis of moral philosophy Hobbes breaks away from medieval and classical thinkers. Accordingly he indicated that man by nature is not social and political animal by nature. This understanding of human nature influenced his m ...
... agreement that rational as well as self-interested people create. In his analysis of moral philosophy Hobbes breaks away from medieval and classical thinkers. Accordingly he indicated that man by nature is not social and political animal by nature. This understanding of human nature influenced his m ...
Reading social science - University of London International
... 3.2 Rousseau’s life and work: a brief outline................................................................. 40 3.3 Reading The social contract.................................................................................... 41 3.4 A close reading of the text.................................... ...
... 3.2 Rousseau’s life and work: a brief outline................................................................. 40 3.3 Reading The social contract.................................................................................... 41 3.4 A close reading of the text.................................... ...
Full Article PDF - META. Research in Hermeneutics
... dominated by affections and instincts, and that he becomes social only through education and calculation. However, the English philosopher also speaks about " the naturall state of men, before they entr'd into Society" (Hobbes 1983, 49), which indicates an historical meaning of the state of nature ( ...
... dominated by affections and instincts, and that he becomes social only through education and calculation. However, the English philosopher also speaks about " the naturall state of men, before they entr'd into Society" (Hobbes 1983, 49), which indicates an historical meaning of the state of nature ( ...
Kant and the Project of Enlightenment
... These passages stress what all humans share, what gives them value: that is, freedom and equality. These two notions are largely absent from Kant's early writings. These three remarks imply that Kant no longer despises the common man because everyone has the capacity to act freely and to treat each ...
... These passages stress what all humans share, what gives them value: that is, freedom and equality. These two notions are largely absent from Kant's early writings. These three remarks imply that Kant no longer despises the common man because everyone has the capacity to act freely and to treat each ...
Jon Rick, Core Lecturer in Philosophy, Columbia University, June
... (14.18.91) “If a covenant be made, wherein neither of the parties perform presently, but trust one another; in the condition of mere nature…upon any reasonable suspicion, it is void: but if there be a common power set over them both, with right and force sufficient to compel performance, it is not v ...
... (14.18.91) “If a covenant be made, wherein neither of the parties perform presently, but trust one another; in the condition of mere nature…upon any reasonable suspicion, it is void: but if there be a common power set over them both, with right and force sufficient to compel performance, it is not v ...
Noble Identities from the Sixteenth to the Twentieth Century
... 2. Patterns and Models of Nobility in European Comparison: A Bird's Eye Perspective In a way, it seems much more complex to describe what the European nobility in the early modern period was like than to give an adequate picture of the aristocracy's morphology in the course of the nineteenth and twe ...
... 2. Patterns and Models of Nobility in European Comparison: A Bird's Eye Perspective In a way, it seems much more complex to describe what the European nobility in the early modern period was like than to give an adequate picture of the aristocracy's morphology in the course of the nineteenth and twe ...
Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the Revolution
... exception. The positions I shall sketch are idealized reconstructions or ''ideal types," not complete descriptions of empirical realities. Idealtypes are illuminating insofar as they capture what is salient in real world situations. It is in this sense only that I identify Jacobin practice with what ...
... exception. The positions I shall sketch are idealized reconstructions or ''ideal types," not complete descriptions of empirical realities. Idealtypes are illuminating insofar as they capture what is salient in real world situations. It is in this sense only that I identify Jacobin practice with what ...
- Munich Personal RePEc Archive
... (Rousseau 1754: 378). Other alleged traits of human nature, such as desire and pride, are really artificial products of social life, not intrinsic to human nature (Rousseau 1754: 380, 398). Natural man would have been non-social, like other animals (1754: 381, 386, 389, 395), with concerns going onl ...
... (Rousseau 1754: 378). Other alleged traits of human nature, such as desire and pride, are really artificial products of social life, not intrinsic to human nature (Rousseau 1754: 380, 398). Natural man would have been non-social, like other animals (1754: 381, 386, 389, 395), with concerns going onl ...
Rousseau-tenets 2
... Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s “General Will” From: The Social Contract "As long as several men in assembly regard themselves as a single body, they have only a single will which is concerned with their common preservation and general well-being. In this case, all the springs of the State are vigorous and ...
... Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s “General Will” From: The Social Contract "As long as several men in assembly regard themselves as a single body, they have only a single will which is concerned with their common preservation and general well-being. In this case, all the springs of the State are vigorous and ...
N - cloudfront.net
... work, The Spirit of Laws (1748), is a comparative study of three types of government—republic, monarchy, and despotism—and shows Locke’s influence. Its main theories are that climate and circumstances determine the form of government, and that the powers of government should be separated and balance ...
... work, The Spirit of Laws (1748), is a comparative study of three types of government—republic, monarchy, and despotism—and shows Locke’s influence. Its main theories are that climate and circumstances determine the form of government, and that the powers of government should be separated and balance ...
The Blank Slate and the Standard Social Science Model
... ‘The first is John Locke’s doctrine of the tabula rasa, the Blank Slate: that the human mind is infinitely plastic, with all its structure coming from reinforcement and socialization.’ (Pinker 191) ...
... ‘The first is John Locke’s doctrine of the tabula rasa, the Blank Slate: that the human mind is infinitely plastic, with all its structure coming from reinforcement and socialization.’ (Pinker 191) ...
The Blank Slate and the Standard Social Science Model
... significant concepts; Rousseau’s ‘noble savage’ and Descartes’ ‘ghost in the machine’. He does this to remove extreme moral positions from the nature/nurture debate he is engaging in. This is also how he attempts to remove ethics and morality from his discussion of science (all the while qualifying ...
... significant concepts; Rousseau’s ‘noble savage’ and Descartes’ ‘ghost in the machine’. He does this to remove extreme moral positions from the nature/nurture debate he is engaging in. This is also how he attempts to remove ethics and morality from his discussion of science (all the while qualifying ...
Philosopher`s chart STUDY GUIDE
... Nature of humankind is innately good and A sound mind in a sound body, is a people can live amicably together. short, but full description of a Happy People’s natural rights are life, liberty, state in this World: he that has these and the ownership of property and the two, has little more to wish f ...
... Nature of humankind is innately good and A sound mind in a sound body, is a people can live amicably together. short, but full description of a Happy People’s natural rights are life, liberty, state in this World: he that has these and the ownership of property and the two, has little more to wish f ...
Noble savage
A noble savage is a literary stock character who embodies the concept of an idealized indigene, outsider, or ""other"" who has not been ""corrupted"" by civilization, and therefore symbolizes humanity's innate goodness. In English, the phrase first appeared in the 17th century in John Dryden's heroic play The Conquest of Granada (1672), wherein it was used by the son of a Christian prince, believing himself a Spanish Muslim, in reference to himself. However, the phrase later became identified with the idealized picture of ""nature's gentleman"", which was an aspect of 18th-century sentimentalism. The noble savage achieved prominence as an oxymoronic rhetorical device after 1851, when used sarcastically as the title for a satirical essay by English novelist Charles Dickens, whom some believe may have wished to disassociate himself from what he viewed as the ""feminine"" sentimentality of 18th and early 19th-century romantic primitivism.The idea that humans are essentially good is often attributed to the 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury, a Whig supporter of constitutional monarchy. In his Inquiry Concerning Virtue (1699), Shaftesbury had postulated that the moral sense in humans is natural and innate and based on feelings, rather than resulting from the indoctrination of a particular religion. Shaftesbury was reacting to Thomas Hobbes's justification of an absolutist central state in his Leviathan, ""Chapter XIII"", in which Hobbes famously holds that the state of nature is a ""war of all against all"" in which men's lives are ""solitary, poore, nasty, brutish, and short"". Hobbes further calls the American Indians an example of a contemporary people living in such a state. Although writers since antiquity had described people living in pre-civilized conditions, Hobbes is credited with inventing the term ""State of Nature"". Ross Harrison writes that ""Hobbes seems to have invented this useful term.""Contrary to what is sometimes believed, Jean-Jacques Rousseau never used the phrase noble savage (French bon sauvage). However, the character of the noble savage appeared in French literature at least as early as Jacques Cartier (coloniser of Québec, speaking of the Iroquois) and Michel de Montaigne (philosopher, speaking of the Tupinamba) in the 16th century.