Spin Qubits for Quantum Information Processing
... The change of the eigenvalue m by ±1, of course, must accompany the absorption or emission of a single photon at frequency ω to satisfy energy conservation law. This is the principle of magnetic resonance. ...
... The change of the eigenvalue m by ±1, of course, must accompany the absorption or emission of a single photon at frequency ω to satisfy energy conservation law. This is the principle of magnetic resonance. ...
Year Review Booklet (optional)
... ___________________________ measured the charge/mass ratio of an electron and came up with the so-called “plum pudding” model of the atom. ...
... ___________________________ measured the charge/mass ratio of an electron and came up with the so-called “plum pudding” model of the atom. ...
Fundamentals of Chemistry
... atom is an extremely small electrically-neutral particle. It is the smallest unit involved in the chemical change of matter. Atoms can be treated as distinct particles because they behave as such chemically, but atoms themselves are composed of even smaller subparts. Understanding these atomic subpa ...
... atom is an extremely small electrically-neutral particle. It is the smallest unit involved in the chemical change of matter. Atoms can be treated as distinct particles because they behave as such chemically, but atoms themselves are composed of even smaller subparts. Understanding these atomic subpa ...
Chapter 8 CHEM 161
... Learning Check: Converting from Wavelength to Frequency The bright red color in fireworks is due to emission of light when Sr(NO3)2 is heated. If the wavelength is ~650 nm, what is the frequency of this light? ...
... Learning Check: Converting from Wavelength to Frequency The bright red color in fireworks is due to emission of light when Sr(NO3)2 is heated. If the wavelength is ~650 nm, what is the frequency of this light? ...
Spintronics and Quantum Dots for Quantum Computing and
... over which spins can be transported phase-coherently. Besides the intrinsic interest in spin-related phenomena, there are two main areas which hold promises for future applications: Spin-based devices in conventional [1] as well as in quantum computer hardware [7]. In conventional computers, the ele ...
... over which spins can be transported phase-coherently. Besides the intrinsic interest in spin-related phenomena, there are two main areas which hold promises for future applications: Spin-based devices in conventional [1] as well as in quantum computer hardware [7]. In conventional computers, the ele ...
PHZ 7427 SOLID STATE II: Electron-electron interaction and the
... on electrons is weak and b) the effective potential (and corresponding density) varies slowly on the scale of the electron’s wavelength. Assumption a) allows one to use the perturbation theory whereas assumption b) casts this theory into a quasi-classical form. In a full theory, one discards assumpt ...
... on electrons is weak and b) the effective potential (and corresponding density) varies slowly on the scale of the electron’s wavelength. Assumption a) allows one to use the perturbation theory whereas assumption b) casts this theory into a quasi-classical form. In a full theory, one discards assumpt ...
The fractional quantum Hall effect in wide quantum wells
... statistics its quasi-particle excitations are predicted to obey. Pairing of composite fermions into a p-wave superconductor is presently considered the most likely scenario for the appearance of this incompressible state. The 5/2-state is usually studied in heterostructures with a single heterointer ...
... statistics its quasi-particle excitations are predicted to obey. Pairing of composite fermions into a p-wave superconductor is presently considered the most likely scenario for the appearance of this incompressible state. The 5/2-state is usually studied in heterostructures with a single heterointer ...
103, 077001 (2009)
... W0 ðTÞ ¼ W0 1 ðT=T Þ (T 110 K). We choose the values of the temperature-independent parameters Ae , Be , Ah , and Bh by requiring that e ðT0 Þ is sufficiently larger than h ðT0 Þ for RH ðTÞ to be zero at T ¼ T0 30 K and negative below this temperature. We have checked that our conclusion ...
... W0 ðTÞ ¼ W0 1 ðT=T Þ (T 110 K). We choose the values of the temperature-independent parameters Ae , Be , Ah , and Bh by requiring that e ðT0 Þ is sufficiently larger than h ðT0 Þ for RH ðTÞ to be zero at T ¼ T0 30 K and negative below this temperature. We have checked that our conclusion ...
Spring 2008
... The exam is 25 multiple choice and will be valued equally at 4 points each for a total of 100 possible points. Partial credit will NOT be awarded. If you have a question, please ask Dr. Cox or the supporting instructors for clarification. Submit the both the scantron cards and this exam packet to yo ...
... The exam is 25 multiple choice and will be valued equally at 4 points each for a total of 100 possible points. Partial credit will NOT be awarded. If you have a question, please ask Dr. Cox or the supporting instructors for clarification. Submit the both the scantron cards and this exam packet to yo ...
Biochemistry Part A PPT
... Hydrogen Bonds • Attractive force between electropositive hydrogen of one molecule and an electronegative atom of another molecule • Common between dipoles such as water • Also act as intramolecular bonds, holding a large molecule in a three-dimensional shape ...
... Hydrogen Bonds • Attractive force between electropositive hydrogen of one molecule and an electronegative atom of another molecule • Common between dipoles such as water • Also act as intramolecular bonds, holding a large molecule in a three-dimensional shape ...
P R L E T T E R S HYSICAL
... In this Letter, we derive the impact that an incident matter beam composed of several pulses will have on a quantum system. As an example, we calculate the effect that a series of electron pulses [14,15] with an energy of ⬃1 keV has on a Rb Rydberg state when the pulses arrive at the atom with a per ...
... In this Letter, we derive the impact that an incident matter beam composed of several pulses will have on a quantum system. As an example, we calculate the effect that a series of electron pulses [14,15] with an energy of ⬃1 keV has on a Rb Rydberg state when the pulses arrive at the atom with a per ...
Photoelectric effect
... like ordinary classical particles (tiny billiard balls). These pictures also contain clear evidence that that the electrons are behaving like ordinary waves. ...
... like ordinary classical particles (tiny billiard balls). These pictures also contain clear evidence that that the electrons are behaving like ordinary waves. ...
Free Energies of Cavity and Noncavity Hydrated Electrons at the
... instantaneous interface is critical to providing a proper freeenergy picture of the interfacial solvation of hydrated electrons. How does the hydrated electron free-energy picture painted in Figure 1 stack up against the various interfacial experiments? We begin by considering the photoelectron spec ...
... instantaneous interface is critical to providing a proper freeenergy picture of the interfacial solvation of hydrated electrons. How does the hydrated electron free-energy picture painted in Figure 1 stack up against the various interfacial experiments? We begin by considering the photoelectron spec ...
Particle emission from a hot, deformed, and rotating nucleus
... In fact, strictly speaking, the "Thomas-Fermi approximation" doesn't imply this self-consistent procedure. Replacing the self-consistent potential ((2)) by a square well of given form means that we replace the Thomas-Fermi model by the simple Fermi-gas model. Since we want to describe the emission f ...
... In fact, strictly speaking, the "Thomas-Fermi approximation" doesn't imply this self-consistent procedure. Replacing the self-consistent potential ((2)) by a square well of given form means that we replace the Thomas-Fermi model by the simple Fermi-gas model. Since we want to describe the emission f ...
- Ball State University
... Here, fL/R E = 1/eE−L/R /kB T + 1 is the Fermi distrimake electron wave functions more localized. To address bution function, where kB is a Boltzmann constant and the effects of thermal structural fluctuations on electron L/R stands for the electrochemical potential of the left localization, ...
... Here, fL/R E = 1/eE−L/R /kB T + 1 is the Fermi distrimake electron wave functions more localized. To address bution function, where kB is a Boltzmann constant and the effects of thermal structural fluctuations on electron L/R stands for the electrochemical potential of the left localization, ...
Chapter 11 Noncommuting Operators and Uncertainty
... We’ve gotten used to thinking of h̄ as an angular momentum unit, because that’s where it’s shown up before. However, here, it’s not really an angular momentum, though it still does of course have the same units (position times position over time). Instead, it represents the fundamental limit in quan ...
... We’ve gotten used to thinking of h̄ as an angular momentum unit, because that’s where it’s shown up before. However, here, it’s not really an angular momentum, though it still does of course have the same units (position times position over time). Instead, it represents the fundamental limit in quan ...
Collective State Measurement of Mesoscopic Ensembles with Single-Atom Resolution
... in a near-confocal cavity of free spectral range 5632 (1) MHz and cavity linewidth =ð2Þ ¼ 1:01ð3Þ MHz at the probe wavelength of 780 nm. The atoms are cooled in the trap of depth U=h ¼ 18ð3Þ MHz via polarization gradient cooling to a radial temperature kB T=h ¼ 1:0ð1Þ MHz, confirmed via time-of-fl ...
... in a near-confocal cavity of free spectral range 5632 (1) MHz and cavity linewidth =ð2Þ ¼ 1:01ð3Þ MHz at the probe wavelength of 780 nm. The atoms are cooled in the trap of depth U=h ¼ 18ð3Þ MHz via polarization gradient cooling to a radial temperature kB T=h ¼ 1:0ð1Þ MHz, confirmed via time-of-fl ...
A Technology-Independent Model for Nanoscale Logic Devices
... • Just electrons, or also holes, ions, dopants, nuclei, charged molecules, … ...
... • Just electrons, or also holes, ions, dopants, nuclei, charged molecules, … ...
Frustrated Magnetism in Vanadium Oxides
... state of LiV2 O4 . This approach was developed in Ref. [9] within random phase approximation (RPA) spin fluctuation theory based on ab initio LDA electronic structure. 3.1. Electronic structure and spin susceptibility The pyrochlore lattice has four atoms per unit cell. A next neighbor tight binding ...
... state of LiV2 O4 . This approach was developed in Ref. [9] within random phase approximation (RPA) spin fluctuation theory based on ab initio LDA electronic structure. 3.1. Electronic structure and spin susceptibility The pyrochlore lattice has four atoms per unit cell. A next neighbor tight binding ...
Enhanced and Reduced Atom Number
... The observed sub-binomial and superbinomial regimes originate from the interplay between interactions and quantum statistics. Lowering the temperature, the onset of superbinomial fluctuations occurs when quantum degeneracy becomes important. Fluctuations are given by the probability distribution of ...
... The observed sub-binomial and superbinomial regimes originate from the interplay between interactions and quantum statistics. Lowering the temperature, the onset of superbinomial fluctuations occurs when quantum degeneracy becomes important. Fluctuations are given by the probability distribution of ...
Bohr model
In atomic physics, the Rutherford–Bohr model or Bohr model, introduced by Niels Bohr in 1913, depicts the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus—similar in structure to the solar system, but with attraction provided by electrostatic forces rather than gravity. After the cubic model (1902), the plum-pudding model (1904), the Saturnian model (1904), and the Rutherford model (1911) came the Rutherford–Bohr model or just Bohr model for short (1913). The improvement to the Rutherford model is mostly a quantum physical interpretation of it. The Bohr model has been superseded, but the quantum theory remains sound.The model's key success lay in explaining the Rydberg formula for the spectral emission lines of atomic hydrogen. While the Rydberg formula had been known experimentally, it did not gain a theoretical underpinning until the Bohr model was introduced. Not only did the Bohr model explain the reason for the structure of the Rydberg formula, it also provided a justification for its empirical results in terms of fundamental physical constants.The Bohr model is a relatively primitive model of the hydrogen atom, compared to the valence shell atom. As a theory, it can be derived as a first-order approximation of the hydrogen atom using the broader and much more accurate quantum mechanics and thus may be considered to be an obsolete scientific theory. However, because of its simplicity, and its correct results for selected systems (see below for application), the Bohr model is still commonly taught to introduce students to quantum mechanics or energy level diagrams before moving on to the more accurate, but more complex, valence shell atom. A related model was originally proposed by Arthur Erich Haas in 1910, but was rejected. The quantum theory of the period between Planck's discovery of the quantum (1900) and the advent of a full-blown quantum mechanics (1925) is often referred to as the old quantum theory.