M. Sc. Thesis
... In 1962 B. D. Josephson [8] was analyzing a situation where two superconducting regions have been connected by a weak insulating layer. He predicted that even when there is no potential difference between the two regions there exists a direct supercurrent through the junction. He also noted that if ...
... In 1962 B. D. Josephson [8] was analyzing a situation where two superconducting regions have been connected by a weak insulating layer. He predicted that even when there is no potential difference between the two regions there exists a direct supercurrent through the junction. He also noted that if ...
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information
... Our story begins at the turn of the twentieth century when a unheralded revolution was underway in science. A series of crises had arisen in physics. The problem was that the theories of physics at that time (now dubbed classical physics) were predicting absurdities such as the existence of an ‘ultr ...
... Our story begins at the turn of the twentieth century when a unheralded revolution was underway in science. A series of crises had arisen in physics. The problem was that the theories of physics at that time (now dubbed classical physics) were predicting absurdities such as the existence of an ‘ultr ...
Quantum theory of spin waves in finite chiral spin chains
... magnetic states depending on the interplay between spin interactions, size of the chain, and their dissipative coupling to the environment. Thus, experiments reveal that different spin chains can behave like quantum antiferromagnets [1], classical antiferromagnets [3,6], and classical spin spirals [ ...
... magnetic states depending on the interplay between spin interactions, size of the chain, and their dissipative coupling to the environment. Thus, experiments reveal that different spin chains can behave like quantum antiferromagnets [1], classical antiferromagnets [3,6], and classical spin spirals [ ...
Numerical analysis of transmission coefficient, LDOS, and DOS in
... 3.1 Results and discussion The tunneling effect can be analyzed through the transmission coefficient. Determination of the transmission coefficient for eigenstates through the Schrödinger equation for a range of energy permits one to reduce the region of search. Hence, we analyzed the transmission c ...
... 3.1 Results and discussion The tunneling effect can be analyzed through the transmission coefficient. Determination of the transmission coefficient for eigenstates through the Schrödinger equation for a range of energy permits one to reduce the region of search. Hence, we analyzed the transmission c ...
(HAOS-DIPER) Reference Guide
... a higher level of sophistication than is encoded in the HAOS-DIPER. Indeed, there are many levels (particularly of neutral species where the central field is weakest and electron-electron correlations largest) for lighter elements which do not conform to the assumed simple coupling schemes (which in ...
... a higher level of sophistication than is encoded in the HAOS-DIPER. Indeed, there are many levels (particularly of neutral species where the central field is weakest and electron-electron correlations largest) for lighter elements which do not conform to the assumed simple coupling schemes (which in ...
Giesecke-Final-ternary-gates
... shown in Fig. 2.2. Operation 01 is a permutation of values 0 and 1 in single qutrit, operations 12 and 02 are implemented analogously. (These operations are realized internally by combinations of X, Y and Z rotation operators [27,7] in data inputs of M-S gates [2]). It should be noticed that the rat ...
... shown in Fig. 2.2. Operation 01 is a permutation of values 0 and 1 in single qutrit, operations 12 and 02 are implemented analogously. (These operations are realized internally by combinations of X, Y and Z rotation operators [27,7] in data inputs of M-S gates [2]). It should be noticed that the rat ...
orange review book_2014_key
... 9. Which statement is true about a proton and a neutron? (1) They have the same masses and different charges. (2) They have the same masses and the same charges. (3) They have different masses and the same charges. (4) They have different masses and different charges. 10. The atomic mass of ...
... 9. Which statement is true about a proton and a neutron? (1) They have the same masses and different charges. (2) They have the same masses and the same charges. (3) They have different masses and the same charges. (4) They have different masses and different charges. 10. The atomic mass of ...
BOULDER SUMMER SCHOOL LECTURE NOTES TOPOLOGICAL
... will be relevant for band structures where the number of independent parameters is the number of spatial dimensions of the crystal, each of which provides a crystal momentum. This was realized by Conyers Herring who was the first to apply the theory of accidental crossings to band structure in the19 ...
... will be relevant for band structures where the number of independent parameters is the number of spatial dimensions of the crystal, each of which provides a crystal momentum. This was realized by Conyers Herring who was the first to apply the theory of accidental crossings to band structure in the19 ...
Thermal and Quantum Phase Transitions
... parameter and temperature, Fig. 1.1. For a continuous QPT, the zero-temperature axis is divided into two stable phases separated by a quantum critical point (QCP). The finite-T part contains two low-temperature regimes derived from the stable phases and a so-called “quantum critical” regime at eleva ...
... parameter and temperature, Fig. 1.1. For a continuous QPT, the zero-temperature axis is divided into two stable phases separated by a quantum critical point (QCP). The finite-T part contains two low-temperature regimes derived from the stable phases and a so-called “quantum critical” regime at eleva ...
Nanoelectronics - the GMU ECE Department
... free electron gas model • For example, for copper at room temperature, τ=2.47×10-14 s, E = 1V/m: vd = 4.35×10-3 m/s • This is much smaller than thermal velocity: ~ 105 m/s. • Despite the small value of drift velocity, electrical signals propagate as electromagnetic waves at the speed of light. (EM s ...
... free electron gas model • For example, for copper at room temperature, τ=2.47×10-14 s, E = 1V/m: vd = 4.35×10-3 m/s • This is much smaller than thermal velocity: ~ 105 m/s. • Despite the small value of drift velocity, electrical signals propagate as electromagnetic waves at the speed of light. (EM s ...
Quantum Proofs for Classical Theorems
... the book of Alon and Spencer [13]. The idea here is to prove the existence of an object with a specific desirable property P by choosing such an object at random, and showing that it satisfies P with positive probability. Here is a simple example: suppose we want to prove that every undirected graph ...
... the book of Alon and Spencer [13]. The idea here is to prove the existence of an object with a specific desirable property P by choosing such an object at random, and showing that it satisfies P with positive probability. Here is a simple example: suppose we want to prove that every undirected graph ...
Electron-cloud simulations - CERN
... those considered in previous studies [12]. Measurements after scrubbing are consistent with slightly smaller values, δel,0 ≈ 0.0, δel,E = 0.42, and σel = 32 eV [13, 14]. Regardless, for all the simulations including elastic scattering presented in this report, we have assumed, as a worst case, the s ...
... those considered in previous studies [12]. Measurements after scrubbing are consistent with slightly smaller values, δel,0 ≈ 0.0, δel,E = 0.42, and σel = 32 eV [13, 14]. Regardless, for all the simulations including elastic scattering presented in this report, we have assumed, as a worst case, the s ...
93, 023615 (2016)
... condensed-matter phenomena [15,16]. Because of the coupled spin and momentum, many interesting and exotic SO-coupling-related phenomena have been theoretically proposed and experimentally observed [17–30]. While electrons have spin-half, pseudospin of atoms, defined by their hyperfine states, could ...
... condensed-matter phenomena [15,16]. Because of the coupled spin and momentum, many interesting and exotic SO-coupling-related phenomena have been theoretically proposed and experimentally observed [17–30]. While electrons have spin-half, pseudospin of atoms, defined by their hyperfine states, could ...
Hydrogen atom
A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen. The electrically neutral atom contains a single positively charged proton and a single negatively charged electron bound to the nucleus by the Coulomb force. Atomic hydrogen constitutes about 75% of the elemental (baryonic) mass of the universe.In everyday life on Earth, isolated hydrogen atoms (usually called ""atomic hydrogen"" or, more precisely, ""monatomic hydrogen"") are extremely rare. Instead, hydrogen tends to combine with other atoms in compounds, or with itself to form ordinary (diatomic) hydrogen gas, H2. ""Atomic hydrogen"" and ""hydrogen atom"" in ordinary English use have overlapping, yet distinct, meanings. For example, a water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms, but does not contain atomic hydrogen (which would refer to isolated hydrogen atoms).