104,18415 (2007)
... guarantee topological protection. The most famous example of this is the magnetic Kitaev lattice, described in the pioneering papers (2, 3) on topological quantum computation. The Kitaev model is an exactly soluble lattice model that carries excitations with both Abelian and non-Abelian anyonic brai ...
... guarantee topological protection. The most famous example of this is the magnetic Kitaev lattice, described in the pioneering papers (2, 3) on topological quantum computation. The Kitaev model is an exactly soluble lattice model that carries excitations with both Abelian and non-Abelian anyonic brai ...
Theoretische und Mathematische Grundlagen der Physik
... that associates the information about spin with zigzag motion of the fluctuating field. We concentrate on the case of QED in external fields where we obtain a purely geometric representation of the Pauli term. As an illustrative example, we rederive the well-known Heisenberg-Euler action from the in ...
... that associates the information about spin with zigzag motion of the fluctuating field. We concentrate on the case of QED in external fields where we obtain a purely geometric representation of the Pauli term. As an illustrative example, we rederive the well-known Heisenberg-Euler action from the in ...
Realization of a Knill-Laflamme-Milburn controlled
... which flips the state of the polarisation of the ‘target’ photon conditional on the ‘control’ photon being horizontally polarized (the logical ‘1’ state). The gate is capable of generating maximally entangled two-qubit states, which together with one-qubit rotations provide a universal set of logic ...
... which flips the state of the polarisation of the ‘target’ photon conditional on the ‘control’ photon being horizontally polarized (the logical ‘1’ state). The gate is capable of generating maximally entangled two-qubit states, which together with one-qubit rotations provide a universal set of logic ...
The symmetrized quantum potential and space as a direct
... same physical situation can be analyzed also from a different perspective, which according to the authors is more coherent with experimental facts. One can say that there is a physical system formed by the clock and the pendulum together and can view the dynamical system as expressing the relative m ...
... same physical situation can be analyzed also from a different perspective, which according to the authors is more coherent with experimental facts. One can say that there is a physical system formed by the clock and the pendulum together and can view the dynamical system as expressing the relative m ...
Chapter Three The hydrogen fuel cell power system
... carbon dioxide, water, carbon monoxide and possibly nitrogen and trace gases produced from the conversion of fossil fuels into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide mixed with the fuel (anode) flow is dangerous, because it can “poison” the catalyst. Basically, this means that active sites on ...
... carbon dioxide, water, carbon monoxide and possibly nitrogen and trace gases produced from the conversion of fossil fuels into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide mixed with the fuel (anode) flow is dangerous, because it can “poison” the catalyst. Basically, this means that active sites on ...
Adiabatic Quantum Computation is Equivalent to Standard Quantum Computation Dorit Aharonov
... that previous research in the area followed [15] and focused on the case where Hfinal encodes a classical optimization problem and so is diagonal. This means that the final state is a basis state. We observe here that the relevant and natural model from a physical point of view does not require this ...
... that previous research in the area followed [15] and focused on the case where Hfinal encodes a classical optimization problem and so is diagonal. This means that the final state is a basis state. We observe here that the relevant and natural model from a physical point of view does not require this ...
The EPR Paradox
... • In certain cases, a significant portion of the wave function is trapped inside barrier for a while. • The tunneling time (defined by the peak of the wave packet) can decrease with increasing barrier height (over some range), leading to superluminal ...
... • In certain cases, a significant portion of the wave function is trapped inside barrier for a while. • The tunneling time (defined by the peak of the wave packet) can decrease with increasing barrier height (over some range), leading to superluminal ...
Actively produced high-energy electron bursts within the
... who reviewed plasma interactions with spacecraft in lowEarth orbit. His paper includes charging on polar orbits, ram and wake flows, use of high-voltage power systems in space, noise generation in self-induced plasma clouds around a large, active spacecraft, especially the Shuttle, anomalous ionizat ...
... who reviewed plasma interactions with spacecraft in lowEarth orbit. His paper includes charging on polar orbits, ram and wake flows, use of high-voltage power systems in space, noise generation in self-induced plasma clouds around a large, active spacecraft, especially the Shuttle, anomalous ionizat ...
Ab-initio Modeling of Cold Gases November 11, 2009
... Since the seminal paper by Greiner et al. [1], showing the transition from the superfluid to the Mott-insulating phase in the Bose-Hubbard model, physicists have realized that modeling strongly-interacting systems in the atomic physics lab is feasible. The field had started with the theoretical pred ...
... Since the seminal paper by Greiner et al. [1], showing the transition from the superfluid to the Mott-insulating phase in the Bose-Hubbard model, physicists have realized that modeling strongly-interacting systems in the atomic physics lab is feasible. The field had started with the theoretical pred ...
Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation and the Threshold Theorem
... can be made, but it is important to know what current methods can and cannot deal with. Of course it is a matter of physics and of engineering to determine which assumptions actually matter. Noise Model A particular model (or models) of noise is assumed for all proofs and heuristic methods for the t ...
... can be made, but it is important to know what current methods can and cannot deal with. Of course it is a matter of physics and of engineering to determine which assumptions actually matter. Noise Model A particular model (or models) of noise is assumed for all proofs and heuristic methods for the t ...
n - Imperial Valley College
... shape of the orbital • l can have integer values from 0 to (n – 1) • each value of l is called by a particular letter that designates the shape of the orbital s orbitals are spherical p orbitals are like two balloons tied a ...
... shape of the orbital • l can have integer values from 0 to (n – 1) • each value of l is called by a particular letter that designates the shape of the orbital s orbitals are spherical p orbitals are like two balloons tied a ...
Chapter 2 Background theory: Atoms and light
... decay route from the excited state is back to the original ground state, thus a closed cycle ensues. For cooling to occur, the laser frequency has to be reddetuned by a few line widths. Unfortunately there is a small probability that the transition from 52 S1/2 , F = 3 state to the 52 P3/2 , F 0 = 3 ...
... decay route from the excited state is back to the original ground state, thus a closed cycle ensues. For cooling to occur, the laser frequency has to be reddetuned by a few line widths. Unfortunately there is a small probability that the transition from 52 S1/2 , F = 3 state to the 52 P3/2 , F 0 = 3 ...
quantum - Word Format
... Turing Machine does not make any assumptions about its physical implementation, and its computation is completely independent of the underlying mechanical process. The QTM, however, is characterized by the properties of particles which implement the basic element - the "qubit". A qubit, represented ...
... Turing Machine does not make any assumptions about its physical implementation, and its computation is completely independent of the underlying mechanical process. The QTM, however, is characterized by the properties of particles which implement the basic element - the "qubit". A qubit, represented ...
FREE Sample Here
... C) Compounds contain atoms in small whole number ratios. D) all of the above E) none of the above Answer: D Section: 4.1 Dalton Model of the Atom 2) Which of the following of Dalton's proposals is still valid? A) Atoms of different elements combine to form compounds. B) Atoms can combine in small wh ...
... C) Compounds contain atoms in small whole number ratios. D) all of the above E) none of the above Answer: D Section: 4.1 Dalton Model of the Atom 2) Which of the following of Dalton's proposals is still valid? A) Atoms of different elements combine to form compounds. B) Atoms can combine in small wh ...
Specular Reflection of Very Slow Metastable Neon Atoms from a
... the sticking coefficient of hydrogen on liquid He [18,19]. The quantum reflection is also expected on solid surfaces. Kasevich et al. [20] observed the deviation from the classical reflection of alkali atoms on the potential barrier created by the evanescent light above a glass surface. There have b ...
... the sticking coefficient of hydrogen on liquid He [18,19]. The quantum reflection is also expected on solid surfaces. Kasevich et al. [20] observed the deviation from the classical reflection of alkali atoms on the potential barrier created by the evanescent light above a glass surface. There have b ...
No-Go Theorem for the Composition of Quantum
... preparing jψi results in a λ associated with jψi. In general, different systems, each prepared in jψi, may have different Λψ and pψ ðλÞ. Adopting Einstein’s language for quantum incompleteness [9], PBR call the hidden variables “physical states” or “real physical states” [1]. That terminology signal ...
... preparing jψi results in a λ associated with jψi. In general, different systems, each prepared in jψi, may have different Λψ and pψ ðλÞ. Adopting Einstein’s language for quantum incompleteness [9], PBR call the hidden variables “physical states” or “real physical states” [1]. That terminology signal ...
Density Functional Theory for Systems with Electronic Edges
... the energy of a many electron system. The first approach was to solve the quantum mechanical Schrödinger equation for the movement of the individual electrons and to derive the energies from this procedure, using a many particle wave function of a dimensionality proportional to the number of electr ...
... the energy of a many electron system. The first approach was to solve the quantum mechanical Schrödinger equation for the movement of the individual electrons and to derive the energies from this procedure, using a many particle wave function of a dimensionality proportional to the number of electr ...
How Quantum Theory Helps Us Explain
... undertake a comprehensive survey of all these applications. Instead I will simply list a number of representative cases in which quantum theory has helped us explain otherwise puzzling phenomena. Apart from their diversity, three aspects of these cases are worth emphasizing. First, each case itself ...
... undertake a comprehensive survey of all these applications. Instead I will simply list a number of representative cases in which quantum theory has helped us explain otherwise puzzling phenomena. Apart from their diversity, three aspects of these cases are worth emphasizing. First, each case itself ...
Pdf
... Conventionally, the statistical mechanics of classical lattice gases concentrates attention on the configurational counting problem. Particle kinetic energy is fully separated in this limit, and need not be considered. However, the quantum corrections to the classical limit arise largely from noncom ...
... Conventionally, the statistical mechanics of classical lattice gases concentrates attention on the configurational counting problem. Particle kinetic energy is fully separated in this limit, and need not be considered. However, the quantum corrections to the classical limit arise largely from noncom ...
Magic-wavelength optical traps for Rydberg atoms S. Zhang, F. Robicheaux, and M. Saffman
... when the atom is at the origin. For the low atom temperatures expected for Cs, the atom will be very near the center of the trap and thus this coupling will be strongly suppressed. The next closest states are in the (n − 4) degenerate manifold (l = 4,5, . . .) and are separated from the 150s state b ...
... when the atom is at the origin. For the low atom temperatures expected for Cs, the atom will be very near the center of the trap and thus this coupling will be strongly suppressed. The next closest states are in the (n − 4) degenerate manifold (l = 4,5, . . .) and are separated from the 150s state b ...
Enhancement of Tunneling from a Correlated 2D Electron System
... transferred to the entire WC, similar to the Mössbauer effect. This can be contrasted with the case of an electron confined inside the well but not under the barrier. Here the magnetic barrier is reduced by a factor of 2 compared to the free-electron case, but does not disappear [6]. We now apply th ...
... transferred to the entire WC, similar to the Mössbauer effect. This can be contrasted with the case of an electron confined inside the well but not under the barrier. Here the magnetic barrier is reduced by a factor of 2 compared to the free-electron case, but does not disappear [6]. We now apply th ...
Hydrogen atom
A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen. The electrically neutral atom contains a single positively charged proton and a single negatively charged electron bound to the nucleus by the Coulomb force. Atomic hydrogen constitutes about 75% of the elemental (baryonic) mass of the universe.In everyday life on Earth, isolated hydrogen atoms (usually called ""atomic hydrogen"" or, more precisely, ""monatomic hydrogen"") are extremely rare. Instead, hydrogen tends to combine with other atoms in compounds, or with itself to form ordinary (diatomic) hydrogen gas, H2. ""Atomic hydrogen"" and ""hydrogen atom"" in ordinary English use have overlapping, yet distinct, meanings. For example, a water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms, but does not contain atomic hydrogen (which would refer to isolated hydrogen atoms).