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... The diversity of the various finch populations lent support to the idea that over time natural selection could transform a single common ancestral form into a variety of descendant species. This phenomenon is referred to as adaptive radiation. Each descendant species had adapted to its particular ha ...
... The diversity of the various finch populations lent support to the idea that over time natural selection could transform a single common ancestral form into a variety of descendant species. This phenomenon is referred to as adaptive radiation. Each descendant species had adapted to its particular ha ...
Here - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
... 1Z4, Canada. Fax: 604 822 2416; E-mail: [email protected] © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd ...
... 1Z4, Canada. Fax: 604 822 2416; E-mail: [email protected] © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd ...
Reflecting on Darwin
... he has ‘hardly ever admired a book more than Paley’s Natural Theology’ (Darwin, 1985., vol. 7, letter to J. Lubbock, 22 November 1859: 388). Darwin’s theory of natural selection appears in fact to have absorbed ideas from Paley’s natural theology – among them his early beliefs in pan-adaptationism a ...
... he has ‘hardly ever admired a book more than Paley’s Natural Theology’ (Darwin, 1985., vol. 7, letter to J. Lubbock, 22 November 1859: 388). Darwin’s theory of natural selection appears in fact to have absorbed ideas from Paley’s natural theology – among them his early beliefs in pan-adaptationism a ...
Rapid Post-Flood Speciation: A Critique of the Young
... genetic coding that allowed them to quickly adapt to the post-Flood environment and produce new species. However, nowhere does Bible state the animals on the ark were different or endowed with special qualities. Nor is there a single example from field research that supports this claim. If modern sp ...
... genetic coding that allowed them to quickly adapt to the post-Flood environment and produce new species. However, nowhere does Bible state the animals on the ark were different or endowed with special qualities. Nor is there a single example from field research that supports this claim. If modern sp ...
PDF
... long thought that the “Irish elk” (a giant deer) evolved antlers so gigantic that they contributed directly to the demise of the species, but it now seems clear that the species actually became extinct along with an impressive and diverse array of other species living in all sorts of different setti ...
... long thought that the “Irish elk” (a giant deer) evolved antlers so gigantic that they contributed directly to the demise of the species, but it now seems clear that the species actually became extinct along with an impressive and diverse array of other species living in all sorts of different setti ...
Evolution of the rate of biological aging using a phenotype
... ”There is no shortage of theories of aging” (Partridge, 2007). Almost every aspect of an organism’s phenotype undergoes modification with aging, and this phenomenological complexity has led, over the years, to a bewildering proliferation of ideas about specific cellular and molecular causes (Kirkwood, ...
... ”There is no shortage of theories of aging” (Partridge, 2007). Almost every aspect of an organism’s phenotype undergoes modification with aging, and this phenomenological complexity has led, over the years, to a bewildering proliferation of ideas about specific cellular and molecular causes (Kirkwood, ...
Colonies Are Individuals: Revisiting the Superorganism Revival
... This is not to say that even these careful similarity approaches are without reproach. Relying on similarity is to rely on a notoriously difficult relation to meaningfully capture (Goodman 1972). Even when a relevant similarity does hold, too narrow a focus on that relation can distract from dissimi ...
... This is not to say that even these careful similarity approaches are without reproach. Relying on similarity is to rely on a notoriously difficult relation to meaningfully capture (Goodman 1972). Even when a relevant similarity does hold, too narrow a focus on that relation can distract from dissimi ...
Editorial Review
... the organism or population caused by the environmental factor. To overcome such fitness reductions, organisms and populations can respond phenotypically or genetically and evolve adaptive mechanisms to reduce the detrimental impact of the stress. This is the kind of definitions that authors of the f ...
... the organism or population caused by the environmental factor. To overcome such fitness reductions, organisms and populations can respond phenotypically or genetically and evolve adaptive mechanisms to reduce the detrimental impact of the stress. This is the kind of definitions that authors of the f ...
Running with the Red Queen: the role of biotic conflicts in evolution
... probably shaped by a patchwork of evolutionary processes. (2) Change in the mode of coevolution over time. Temporal changes in the mode of coevolution are also evident. As demonstrated in a recent experimental study of coevolution of the bacterium P. fluorescens and phage phi-2, a prolonged period o ...
... probably shaped by a patchwork of evolutionary processes. (2) Change in the mode of coevolution over time. Temporal changes in the mode of coevolution are also evident. As demonstrated in a recent experimental study of coevolution of the bacterium P. fluorescens and phage phi-2, a prolonged period o ...
Running with the Red Queen: the role of
... probably shaped by a patchwork of evolutionary processes. (2) Change in the mode of coevolution over time. Temporal changes in the mode of coevolution are also evident. As demonstrated in a recent experimental study of coevolution of the bacterium P. fluorescens and phage phi-2, a prolonged period o ...
... probably shaped by a patchwork of evolutionary processes. (2) Change in the mode of coevolution over time. Temporal changes in the mode of coevolution are also evident. As demonstrated in a recent experimental study of coevolution of the bacterium P. fluorescens and phage phi-2, a prolonged period o ...
Natural selection and the origin and maintenance of standard
... selection as the principal determinant of evolutionary change, it has been difficult to obtain direct evidence for natural selection in operation, and there are few cases where it has been measured. Most of us can agree with Lewontin (1974:199) that "anyonj, who has taught genetics for a number of y ...
... selection as the principal determinant of evolutionary change, it has been difficult to obtain direct evidence for natural selection in operation, and there are few cases where it has been measured. Most of us can agree with Lewontin (1974:199) that "anyonj, who has taught genetics for a number of y ...
Unit 2 - AGNR Groups
... Now that we have a few terms under our belts, let’s take a look back at classification systems past and present. The classification used today got its formal start with Linnaeus back in the early 1700’s. Like others before him, he grouped organisms based on similarities that they shared- these could ...
... Now that we have a few terms under our belts, let’s take a look back at classification systems past and present. The classification used today got its formal start with Linnaeus back in the early 1700’s. Like others before him, he grouped organisms based on similarities that they shared- these could ...
Chapter 2—Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory
... 2. Why was Darwin’s 1859 published theory of natural selection not widely accepted by his peers? What later scientific advance was critical to the subsequent broad acceptance of natural selection as a major force in evolutionary change? ANS: Darwin’s theory lacked a mechanism for the inheritance of ...
... 2. Why was Darwin’s 1859 published theory of natural selection not widely accepted by his peers? What later scientific advance was critical to the subsequent broad acceptance of natural selection as a major force in evolutionary change? ANS: Darwin’s theory lacked a mechanism for the inheritance of ...
Section 1 The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
... the origins of fossils. Some scientists tried to explain their observations by altering traditional explanations of creation. Others (including Darwin’s own grandfather) proposed various mechanisms to explain how living things change over time. In 1809, the French scientist Jean Baptiste Lamarck (17 ...
... the origins of fossils. Some scientists tried to explain their observations by altering traditional explanations of creation. Others (including Darwin’s own grandfather) proposed various mechanisms to explain how living things change over time. In 1809, the French scientist Jean Baptiste Lamarck (17 ...
Darwinism and Selectionist Theories
... work of Jerne, Burnet, and Talmage was the template theory of acquired immunity, outlined succinctly by Pauling [21]. The theory proposed that all antibody molecules were the same, and that through interaction with antigen inside antibody producing cells, antibody are instructed of the antigenic for ...
... work of Jerne, Burnet, and Talmage was the template theory of acquired immunity, outlined succinctly by Pauling [21]. The theory proposed that all antibody molecules were the same, and that through interaction with antigen inside antibody producing cells, antibody are instructed of the antigenic for ...
Adaptation in Natural Microbial Populations
... of unknown function. As such, purely bioinformatical approaches remain limited, necessitating much more laborious subsequent genetic manipulation of niche-associated genes to link sequence to function. An alternative approach is to differentially mark distinct clonal lineages isolated from nature an ...
... of unknown function. As such, purely bioinformatical approaches remain limited, necessitating much more laborious subsequent genetic manipulation of niche-associated genes to link sequence to function. An alternative approach is to differentially mark distinct clonal lineages isolated from nature an ...
The alluring simplicity and complex reality of genetic rescue
... immigration of genetically divergent individuals. Central to our understanding of genetic rescue are complex interactions among fundamental concepts in evolutionary and population biology, including both genetic and non-genetic (environmental, behavioral and demographic) factors. Developing testable ...
... immigration of genetically divergent individuals. Central to our understanding of genetic rescue are complex interactions among fundamental concepts in evolutionary and population biology, including both genetic and non-genetic (environmental, behavioral and demographic) factors. Developing testable ...
Evolutionary Psychology 101
... Nettle found that those with poems rated highest in quality had significantly more sex partners than those poets whose work was just so-so (Nettle & Clegg, 2006). If evolution is all about survival, why do people spend countless hours writing novels, learning instruments, and climbing the world’s hi ...
... Nettle found that those with poems rated highest in quality had significantly more sex partners than those poets whose work was just so-so (Nettle & Clegg, 2006). If evolution is all about survival, why do people spend countless hours writing novels, learning instruments, and climbing the world’s hi ...
File
... In 1844, Darwin wrote an essay on natural selection as the mechanism of descent with modification, but did not introduce his theory publicly Natural selection is a process in which individuals with favorable inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce In June 1858, Darwin receiv ...
... In 1844, Darwin wrote an essay on natural selection as the mechanism of descent with modification, but did not introduce his theory publicly Natural selection is a process in which individuals with favorable inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce In June 1858, Darwin receiv ...
Drift, not selection, shapes toll-like receptor variation among oceanic
... the immune system are of particular interest, not least because of their obvious importance for individual and population survival (reviewed in Sommer 2005; Acevedo-Whitehouse & Cunningham 2006), but also because they are expected to be under strong and direct selection from pathogens (Trowsdale & P ...
... the immune system are of particular interest, not least because of their obvious importance for individual and population survival (reviewed in Sommer 2005; Acevedo-Whitehouse & Cunningham 2006), but also because they are expected to be under strong and direct selection from pathogens (Trowsdale & P ...
Chapter 13 - MRMWILLIS
... natural selection in an early outline that he showed to only a few scientists he knew and trusted. • Darwin decided to publish after he received a letter and essay in June 1858 from the young English naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), who was in Malaysia at the time. Wallace’s essay descr ...
... natural selection in an early outline that he showed to only a few scientists he knew and trusted. • Darwin decided to publish after he received a letter and essay in June 1858 from the young English naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), who was in Malaysia at the time. Wallace’s essay descr ...
Evolution_Ch7_transmittal_to_PE_Aug3
... The domestication of animals and plants is one of the most important technological innovations in human history. Domesticated plants and animals provide humans with the vast majority of our food supply and formed the basis for the development of modern civilizations. Domestication is the changing me ...
... The domestication of animals and plants is one of the most important technological innovations in human history. Domesticated plants and animals provide humans with the vast majority of our food supply and formed the basis for the development of modern civilizations. Domestication is the changing me ...
Evolutionary Biology, Quantitative Genetics, and (maybe) Biophysics
... Some reasons I initially became interested in evolutionary cell biology of spindles: 1) What aspects of the spindle are “important”? 2) Why are spindles in different organisms different? 3) How to combine cellular biophysics with evolutionary cell biology? Brian Charlesworth in a book review of The ...
... Some reasons I initially became interested in evolutionary cell biology of spindles: 1) What aspects of the spindle are “important”? 2) Why are spindles in different organisms different? 3) How to combine cellular biophysics with evolutionary cell biology? Brian Charlesworth in a book review of The ...
Evolution
Evolution is change in the heritable traits of biological populations over successive generations. Evolutionary processes give rise to diversity at every level of biological organisation, including the levels of species, individual organisms, and molecules.All of life on earth shares a common ancestor known as the last universal ancestor, which lived approximately 3.5–3.8 billion years ago. Repeated formation of new species (speciation), change within species (anagenesis), and loss of species (extinction) throughout the evolutionary history of life on Earth are demonstrated by shared sets of morphological and biochemical traits, including shared DNA sequences. These shared traits are more similar among species that share a more recent common ancestor, and can be used to reconstruct a biological ""tree of life"" based on evolutionary relationships (phylogenetics), using both existing species and fossils. The fossil record includes a progression from early biogenic graphite, to microbial mat fossils, to fossilized multicellular organisms. Existing patterns of biodiversity have been shaped both by speciation and by extinction. More than 99 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. Estimates of Earth's current species range from 10 to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented.In the mid-19th century, Charles Darwin formulated the scientific theory of evolution by natural selection, published in his book On the Origin of Species (1859). Evolution by natural selection is a process demonstrated by the observation that more offspring are produced than can possibly survive, along with three facts about populations: 1) traits vary among individuals with respect to morphology, physiology, and behaviour (phenotypic variation), 2) different traits confer different rates of survival and reproduction (differential fitness), and 3) traits can be passed from generation to generation (heritability of fitness). Thus, in successive generations members of a population are replaced by progeny of parents better adapted to survive and reproduce in the biophysical environment in which natural selection takes place. This teleonomy is the quality whereby the process of natural selection creates and preserves traits that are seemingly fitted for the functional roles they perform. Natural selection is the only known cause of adaptation but not the only known cause of evolution. Other, nonadaptive causes of microevolution include mutation and genetic drift.In the early 20th century the modern evolutionary synthesis integrated classical genetics with Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection through the discipline of population genetics. The importance of natural selection as a cause of evolution was accepted into other branches of biology. Moreover, previously held notions about evolution, such as orthogenesis, evolutionism, and other beliefs about innate ""progress"" within the largest-scale trends in evolution, became obsolete scientific theories. Scientists continue to study various aspects of evolutionary biology by forming and testing hypotheses, constructing mathematical models of theoretical biology and biological theories, using observational data, and performing experiments in both the field and the laboratory. Evolution is a cornerstone of modern science, accepted as one of the most reliably established of all facts and theories of science, based on evidence not just from the biological sciences but also from anthropology, psychology, astrophysics, chemistry, geology, physics, mathematics, and other scientific disciplines, as well as behavioral and social sciences. Understanding of evolution has made significant contributions to humanity, including the prevention and treatment of human disease, new agricultural products, industrial innovations, a subfield of computer science, and rapid advances in life sciences. Discoveries in evolutionary biology have made a significant impact not just in the traditional branches of biology but also in other academic disciplines (e.g., biological anthropology and evolutionary psychology) and in society at large.