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Veterinary Technology Distance Learning Program
San Juan College
VETT 117
Veterinary Clinical Pathology 1
Coursework
Week Eleven
Introduction to Microbiology
VETT 117 Veterinary Clinical Pathology 1
Week Eleven
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VETT 117 Veterinary Clinical Pathology 1
Overview of Week Eleven
During this week, we will study Microbiology. While an in-depth study of
these topics is beyond the scope of this course, we will present the basic
information that you may need for sample collection, laboratory
preparation and evaluation for clinical practice.
Clinical Pathology – Glossary of Terms for Microbiology
http://www.hardydiagnostics.com/microbio_glossary.html
Course Objectives
a. You should go through your course site completely and read all of the
information posted there and please check daily for e-mail, updates,
assignments, corrections, etc.
b. Read through all of the information in the Week Eleven Coursework
section (this document) and be familiar with what you need to
accomplish this week.
c. Complete the assigned readings in the texts and visit the listed
websites. The objectives for the Week Eleven assignments of
this course include learning about topics in Microbiology:
- Review of Microorganisms
- Bacteriology
- Mycology
- Virology
- Laboratory Equipment, Supplies, Collection Techniques
d. Complete the written assignments.
Directed Learning
While some veterinary practices may have the capability to perform basic
bacterial culture and sensitivity tests, many times the samples are
collected and submitted to an external diagnostic lab for basic and
advanced testing. In both instances, it is important for you to learn how to
collect and prepare these samples so that meaningful data can be
obtained from the tests.
Reading Assignment One
Introduction of Microbiology
Read pages 485-492 in your text
VETT 117 Veterinary Clinical Pathology 1
Week Eleven
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Diagram of relative sizes of a few microbes.
From http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mhunt/vir-size.jpg
Written Assignment One
Introduction to Microbiology
1. What is the first step in collecting samples for a culture?
2. List the samples most commonly collected.
3. Why is it important to collect the samples early in the disease process?
4. How are tissues sampled?
5. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic?
6. What is the ideal urine sample for collection?
7. Define bacteremia.
8. Define opportunistic infection.
9. Why is specific media needed when culturing fecal specimens?
10. When is direct microscopic examination helpful for specimens?
11. What is the stain most commonly used for bacteria?
12. Why is proper disposal of bacteria samples important?
13. What is the most common acid-fast stained used in microbiology?
14. When stain will not allow the technician to determine if an organism is
gram positive or gram negative?
VETT 117 Veterinary Clinical Pathology 1
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Morphology = Shape and Arrangement of Bacteria
From: Mariana Ruiz
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Bacterial_morphology_diagram.svg
Reading Assignment Two
Equipment and Supplies
Read pages 493-496
Written Assignment Two
Equipment and Supplies
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
How do you determine what culture media to use?
Describe enrichment media.
What should be used for the initial isolation of bacteria?
Describe selective medium.
Why is MacConkey agar a differential medium?
Describe how to inoculate a plate.
How is tube media inoculated?
Why should plates be incubated upside down?
How many days should a plate be observed before the final result is
“no growth”?
10. How much longer should plates incubate if the patient is receiving a
therapeutic antimicrobial?
Reading Assignment Three
Organism Evaluation
Read pages 497-505
Written Assignment Three
1. What are the three things the technician should determine after
incubation of plates?
VETT 117 Veterinary Clinical Pathology 1
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2.
3.
4.
5.
What is hemolysis?
How are bacteria identified?
What is the first step in identifying an organism?
What are the differences between gram positive and gram negative
microscopically?
6. Compare the catalase and oxidase tests.
7. Why are fecal specimens often cultured?
8. How long are blood cultures held up before reported negative?
9. Compare gram positive and gram negative bacteria.
10. What is significant about spirochete and curved bacteria?
Reading Assignment Four
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
Read pages 505-508
Written Assignment Four
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Why is antimicrobial susceptibility performed?
Define the acronym MIC. What does this mean on an agar plate?
Describe the Kirby-Bauer Method.
What is it meant by zone of inhibition?
Which agar plates are used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing?
Reading Assignment Five
Mycology, Virology, and Nosocomial
Read pages 509-515
Written Assignment Five
1. What is a dermatophyte?
2. Why is a Wood’s Lamp used to identify dermatophyte?
3. Compare between Malassezia and Candida yeast.
4. What tests are used to detect viruses in patients?
5. What are monoclonal antibodies?
6. How is DNA sequencing used to identify pathogens?
7. What is a nosocomial infection?
8. Explain community-acquired infections.
9. How are nosocomial agents transmitted to animals?
10. What is the second most common cause of nosocomial infections?
Summary: Basic Identification of Bacteria
1. Gram Positive or Gram Negative?
2. Shape:
a. Coccus (plural = Cocci) = round
b. Bacillus (plural = Bacilli) = rods
c. Spiral
d. Pleopmorphic = cocci to rods
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3. Endospores? Location?
4. Arrangement:
a. Single
b. Pairs
c. Chains
d. Clusters
Assignment Checklist for VETT117 Week Eleven
The following checklist shows all the items that you need to complete for this
week of the course. This is for your records and you do not need to submit this to
the instructor.
Assignment Checklist
1. Visit the course site and check each section.
2. Reading Assignment One
Introduction to Microbiology
Read pages 485-492 in your text
3. Written Assignment One
Please answer the questions listed in this section.
4. Reading Assignment Two
Equipment and Supplies
Read pages 493-496
5. Written Assignment Two
Please answer the questions listed in this section.
6. Reading Assignment Three
Organism Identification
Read pages 497-505
7. Written Assignment Three
Please answer the questions listed in this section.
8. Reading Assignment Four Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
Read pages 505-508
9. Written Assignment Four
Please answer the questions listed in this section.
10. Reading Assignment Five Mycology, Virology, and Nosocomial
Read pages 509-515
11. Written Assignment Five
Please answer the questions listed in this section.
12. Take Quiz Wk 11
VETT 117 Veterinary Clinical Pathology 1
Week Eleven
Check Upon
Completion