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Inspired by James Koperski Anytime you see the following icon, click on it to open video clips of characteristic pieces from each time period. Medieval Renaissance Baroque Classical Romantic Impressionistic Modern (600 AD -1450 AD) (1450 AD - 1600 AD) (1600 AD - 1750 AD) (1750 AD - 1820 AD) (1820 AD - 1900 AD) (1890 AD - 1915 AD) (1910 AD - Present) The Crusades (1095 - 1291) Notre Dame Cathedral is built (1163 – 1345) Signing of the Magna Carta (1215) Hundred Years War (1337 – 1453) Black Death ravages Europe (1346-1353) Joan of Arc is burned at the stake (1431) “Sacred Music” (music performed in church) Gregorian Chant (sung by monks) Everyone singing one melody without harmony (aka Monophony) Utilizes “modes” - ancestors of the current major and minor scales The text was religious in nature and sung in Latin Secular means “non-religious music” Music that you would dance to or hear in the court of a king Standard musical instruments and notation (as we know them) didn’t exist during this period Secular music was passed down through the oral tradition, from generation to generation. Guttenberg Bible, the first book printed in the West with movable metal type (1454) St. Peter’s Basilica is built (1506 – 1615) Copernicus develops the heliocentric (sun centered) planetary model (1508) Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel (1508 - 1512) Martin Luther sparks the Protestant Reformation (1517) Our third stop on the music history timeline is the (1600 AD - 1750 AD) Baroque translates to “Flawed Pearl”. Baroque style is characterized by grandeur, drama, sensuous richness, movement and tension. The music of the era became complex with multiple melodies happening simultaneously. This style is called Polyphony. The last Tudor monarch, Queen Elizabeth I dies (1603) Pilgrims sailing the Mayflower land on Plymouth Rock (1620) Thirty Years War decimates Germany (1618 - 1648) The Taj Mahal is built in Agra, India (1632 – 1653) Isaac Newton publishes Principia Mathematica, contains Newton’s Three Laws of Motion (1687) Salem Witch Trials (1692) 1685 – 1750 Worked for many years as an organist and composer for the Protestant Church Sired 20 children Credited with composing a staggering 1120 pieces The fourth stop on the music history timeline is the (1750 AD - 1820 AD) The artists, architects and composers of the Classical Period embraced “Neoclassicism”. They drew inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. The modern Symphony Orchestra was established during this period. Composers such as Franz Joseph Haydn fully embraced this new medium. Haydn composed 52 piano sonatas, 126 string trios, 83 string quartets and106 symphonies over his lifetime (nearly 1,000 works in total). American Revolution (1775 – 1783) French Revolution (1787 - 1799) George Washington elected as first US President (1789) Alessandro Volta invents the battery (1800) Napoleon Crowned Emperor (1804) War of 1812 (1812 - 1815) Battle of Waterloo, Napoleon is defeated and then exiled (1815) 1756 – 1791 Widely considered one of the most prolific composers of all time Began composing at the age of 6 Composed over 626 works, including: ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ 50 22 15 27 25 12 17 26 symphonies operas masses concert arias piano concertos violin concertos piano sonatas string quartets The fifth stop on the music history timeline is the (1820 AD - 1900 AD) The characteristic style of the Romantic Period was “Sturm und Drang”, which translates to “Storm and Stress”. This style emphasized nature, individualism, and extreme emotions. Music of the era was characterized by chromaticism and the unexpected. Composers of the Romantic Period threw away the musical conventions of the past to capture drama, suspense, surprise and profound emotion through their music. Michael Faraday invents the electric motor (1821) Queen Victoria ascends to the throne of England (1837) Charles Darwin publishes The Origin of Species (1859) American Civil War (1861 – 1865) Assassination of Abraham Lincoln (1865) Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone (1876) Thomas Edison invents the first commercial incandescent light bulb (1879) Eiffel Tower is constructed (1889) 1770 – 1827 His early music began during the Classical Period and his later works helped shape the style of the Romantic Period Completely lost his hearing over the course of his life 138 credited works including 9 symphonies The opening of Beethoven’s 5th Symphony is the most recognizable melody in history of Western Music Our sixth stop on the music timeline is the (1890 AD - 1915 AD) The artists and composers of the Impressionistic Period sought to capture feelings and experiences through their works. Seminal artists of the period (such as Vincent van Gogh and Claude Debussy) explored new brush techniques, scales and instrumentations to achieve the ethereal quality of their work. Wilhelm Roentgen discovers X-rays (1895) First modern Olympic Games takes place in Athens (1896) US President William McKinley is assassinated (1901) Ford’s Model T is first produced (1908) 1862 – 1918 One of the most influential composers of the Impressionistic Period Composed over 141 works, including: ◦ 35 songs ◦ 14 orchestral works ◦ 4 ballets ◦ 38 works for piano His most famous work is Clair de Lune (French for Moonlight) Our last stop on the music history timeline is the (1910 AD - Present) Artists of the Modern Period strove to be experimental and innovative in their works. Movements within the period such as expressionism, minimalism and atonality ripped away conventional approaches and challenged the very definition of “art”. World War I (1914 - 1918) First radio broadcast (1920) World War II (1939 – 1945) Korean War (1950 - 1953) James Watson and Francis Crick discover the double helix structure of DNA (1953) Vietnam War (1959 – 1975) John F Kennedy is assassinated (1963) Astronauts first walk on the moon (1969) The Berlin Wall is torn down (1989) 1918 – 1990 Prominent 20th century American composer, conductor and pianist His compositions ranged from classical works (symphonies and operas) to pop music (Film scores and Broadway musicals) Best known for composing the music for West Side Story Baroque Medieval Renaissance Romantic Classical Modern Impressionist http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Beethoven.jpg http://a5.files.biography.com/image/upload/c_fill,dpr_1.0,g_face,h_300,q_80,w_300/MTE4MDAzNDEwNDU0 MDg3MTgy.jpg http://theplanetd.com/images/Paris-Notre-Dame-river-france-XL.jpg https://media2.wnyc.org/i/620/372/l/80/1/Joan_of_Arc_620.jpg https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-BL9ge98JWc/TX11Uz16E0I/AAAAAAAAAcw/z35HAhIKlvI/s1600/Medieval+Manuscript1.jpg http://www.music.iastate.edu/antiqua/serpent2.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Mona_Lisa.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Possible_Self-Portrait_of_Leonardo_da_Vinci.jpg http://www.artofeurope.com/botticelli/bot3.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/1f/Creation_of_Adam_Sistine_Chapel.jpg http://www.art-robb.co.uk/reprpics/hilute2.jpg http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/02456/trevi_2456115b.jpg http://calibermag.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/a-pearl-earring.jpg http://i2.cdn.turner.com/cnn/dam/assets/130411133954-rijksmuseum-2---rembrandt-nightwatchhorizontal-gallery.jpg http://va312aslifilis.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/jacques-louis_david-napoleon_alps-1801-edited_dc.jpg http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/his/CoreArt/art/resourcesb/dav_oath.jpg http://theclio.com/web/ul/955.965.jpg http://www.learner.org/courses/globalart/assets/non_flash_386/work_007.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Wolfgang-amadeus-mozart_1.jpg http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/his/CoreArt/art/resourcesd/fri_wand.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Shipwrec-vernet.jpg/800pxShipwrec-vernet.jpg http://www.thehistoryhub.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Eiffel-Tower-Images.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Georges_Seurat__Un_dimanche_apr%C3%A8s-midi_%C3%A0_l'%C3%8Ele_de_la_Grande_Jatte.jpg http://www.vangoghgallery.com/misc/selfportrait.html http://www.wikiart.org/en/vincent-van-gogh/the-starry-night-1889 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/1910Ford-T.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Claude_Monet__Woman_with_a_Parasol_-_Madame_Monet_and_Her_Son_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/170pxClaude_Monet_-_Woman_with_a_Parasol_-_Madame_Monet_and_Her_Son_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg http://www.michaelmichail.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/DEBUSSY.jpg https://c1.staticflickr.com/7/6090/6053786044_fde86a1df4_z.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/74/PicassoGuernica.jpg http://artappreciationjm.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/american-gothic3.jpg http://www.daydaypaint.com/images/Commerical-Painting/Salvador-Dali-Painting-029.jpg