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Chapter 3: Migration - Chapter 4: Folk and Popular Culture
1) A permanent move to a new location is
A) migration.
B) mobility.
C) net migration.
D) net in-migration.
E) net out-migration.
2) Refugees migrate primarily because of which type of push factor?
A) economic
B) environmental
C) cultural
D) circulation
E) all of the above
3) According to the U.S. Committee for Refugees, the two largest groups of international
refugees are
A) Vietnamese and Indonesian.
B) Palestinian and Afghan.
C) Sudanese and Colombian.
D) Mexican and Colombian.
E) Ethiopian and Somolian.
4) Millions of West Africans who migrated to Nigeria during the 1970s, when the country's
economy expanded, were expelled during the 1980s, when the country's economy declined.
This is an example of
A) an economic migration factor changing to an environmental migration factor.
B) emigration changing to immigration.
C) forced migration changing to voluntary migration.
D) a pull factor changing to a push factor.
E) a push factor changing to a pull factor.
5) A physical feature, such as a body of water, which hinders migration is an example of
A) an environmental push factor.
B) a forced migration.
C) an intervening obstacle.
D) a political pull factor.
E) an environmental incentive.
6) People are forced to migrate primarily because of which factor?
A) economic
B) environmental
C) international
D) cultural
E) mobility
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7) Norwegians were most likely to immigrate to the United States
A) prior to 1840.
B) during the 1840s and 1850s.
C) during the 1880s and 1890s.
D) during the U.S. Civil War.
E) between 1900 and 1915.
8) The largest numbers of recent immigrants to the United States are
A) illegal immigrants.
B) political refugees.
C) relatives of U.S. residents.
D) talented professionals.
E) guest workers.
9) Brain drain is
A) the large-scale emigration of talented people.
B) the process by which people are given reference for migration.
C) people forced to migrate for political reasons.
D) a cultural feature that hinders migration.
E) a net decline in literacy.
10) The largest number of legal immigrants to the United States come from what country?
A) Cuba
B) Mexico
C) the Philippines
D) South Korea
E) Dominican Republic
11) According to the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act, undocumented immigrants
were
A) permitted to become legal residents.
B) increasingly deported if caught.
C) encouraged to remain because of shortages of workers.
D) no longer eligible for public services in the United States.
E) established as guest workers.
12) Pollero or coyote is a term for
A) an undocumented immigrant from Mexico.
B) someone who helps undocumented Mexicans immigrate.
C) a Mexican made legal by the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act.
D) a U.S. Border Patrol agent.
E) second generation Vietnamese immigrants.
13) Most European guest workers come from which part of Europe?
A) north and east
B) north and west
C) central
D) south and west
E) south and east
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14) The largest level of interregional migration in the United States was caused by the
A) arrival of Europeans beginning in the 1600s.
B) illegal immigration from Latin America.
C) immigration of Asians beginning in the early twentieth century.
D) opening up of the western territories.
E) industrial development in the northeast.
15) Which is a current intraregional migration trend in the United States?
A) rural to urban
B) urban to suburban
C) metropolitan to nonmetropolitan
D) net emigration from the northeast
E) all of the above
16) The largest interregional migration in the United States of African-Americans has been
A) from south to north.
B) from north to south.
C) from east to west.
D) from west to east.
E) from northwest to southeast.
17) Migration to the United States increased from Europe after 1800 in part because of
A) deteriorating public health, medicine, and food supply.
B) expanded economic opportunities during the Industrial Revolution.
C) plague and famine.
D) rapid increase in the crude death rate.
E) higher natural increase rates.
18) The Brazilian government encouraged interregional migration by
A) making Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo more attractive.
B) dictating optimal locations for factories.
C) clearing the rain forest for agricultural activities in the interior.
D) moving the capital to Brasilia.
E) industrial development on the Atlantic coast.
19) The most prominent type of intraregional migration in the world is
A) north to south.
B) region to region.
C) urban to rural.
D) city to city.
E) rural to urban.
20) The frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it becomes characteristic of a group of
people is a
A) custom.
B) popular culture.
C) habit.
D) taboo.
E) character trait
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21) A repetitive act performed by an individual is a
A) custom.
B) popular culture.
C) habit.
D) taboo.
E) character trait.
22) In contrast to folk culture, popular culture is typical of
A) small homogeneous groups.
B) large heterogeneous groups.
C) groups living in isolated rural areas.
D) groups that have little interaction with other groups.
E) groups of specialists.
23) Folk cultures are spread primarily by
A) contagious diffusion.
B) hierarchical diffusion.
C) relocation diffusion.
D) stimulus diffusion.
E) epidemic diffusion.
24) The use of a horse and buggy by the Amish in the United States is an example of a
A) folk culture.
B) habit.
C) popular culture.
D) taboo.
E) technological innovation.
25) Rapid diffusion of popular culture
A) encourages people in different places to adopt different customs.
B) depends on modern communication systems.
C) is an example of relocation diffusion.
D) conserves resources.
E) all of the above
26) In contrast to popular culture, folk cultures are more likely to vary
A) from place to place at a given time.
B) from time to time at a given place.
C) both from place to place and from time to time.
D) neither from place to place nor from time to time.
E) with rapid change.
27) The main effect of modern communications on social customs has been to
A) preserve folk cultures, by increasing awareness of their uniqueness.
B) stimulate the diffusion of folk cultures around the world.
C) increase the similarity of social customs in different locations.
D) have little effect on the diffusion of social customs.
E) slow the rate of change.
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28) Hip Hop music originated in New York the late 1970s in
A) Queens.
B) Harlem.
C) Brooklyn.
D) the South Bronx.
E) lower Manhattan.
29) An example of a folk custom used to diffuse information about agriculture is
A) Armed Forces Radio.
B) Association Football.
C) Himalayan art.
D) Vietnamese songs.
E) Home design in Madagascar.
30) Popular customs most frequently originate in
A) more developed countries.
B) less developed countries.
C) former communist countries.
D) countries with large rural populations.
E) equally likely in all of the above
31) The current distribution of soccer demonstrates that
A) a folk custom can become part of a popular culture.
B) all sports are examples of folk culture.
C) television has infused all sports into popular culture.
D) American football is also an example of a folk culture.
E) sport is more important in less developed countries.
32) The distribution of the subjects of art in the Himalayas shows how folk cultures
A) always paint religious subjects.
B) are influenced by distinctive vegetation, climate, and religion.
C) avoid painting animate objects.
D) typically paint scenes of nature but not people.
E) abandon customary forms with migration.
33) A taboo against pork is a characteristic of
A) Judaism and Islam.
B) Judaism and Buddhism.
C) Christianity and Buddhism.
D) Christianity and Hinduism.
E) Islam and Hinduism.
34) The Yuan and Shan peoples in northern Thailand sleep with their heads toward the east
A) as a sign of obeying a customary hierarchy.
B) so that the head is opposite the neighbors' heads.
C) because the head is considered high and noble.
D) to avoid the direction of death and evil spirits.
E) to avoid drafts from monsoon winds.
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35) Which of the following is an important source area for U.S. folk house types?
A) Lower Chesapeake
B) Southern Atlantic
C) Northeast
D) Upper New York
E) Southwest
36) Today, house types in the United States are distinguished by all but which of the following?
A) They can still be divided into three distinct regions.
B) They display few regional distinctions.
C) They are usually mass-produced.
D) Alternative styles have diffused throughout the country.
E) They demonstrate how popular customs vary more in time than in place.
37) The diffusion of jeans is a good example primarily of the
A) diffusion of popular culture.
B) adoption of unique folk culture.
C) impact of high income on clothing habits.
D) opposition to globalization.
E) synthetic textiles replacing natural fibers.
38) Little wine is produced in Asia primarily because
A) grapes do not grow in these regions.
B) wines can be imported more cheaply.
C) religious taboos discourage consumption.
D) the people do not have a tradition of wine making.
E) soil contaminants produce bad grapes.
39) One significant impact of popular culture is to
A) create a more varied and less uniform landscape.
B) promote the diffusion of folk culture.
C) modify the physical environment.
D) spread through relocation diffusion.
E) all of the above
40) Diffusion of Internet service is following the earlier pattern of television, except
A) the United States share of world use is expanding.
B) diffusion is much faster.
C) diffusion is much slower.
D) expansion of service is faster in Africa than Asia.
E) initial use was in less developed countries.
41) Features of the U.S. landscape, such as gas stations, supermarkets, and motels,
A) promote a uniform landscape.
B) reflect the preservation of folk culture.
C) provide diversity on the U.S. landscape.
D) promote diffusion of folk culture.
E) show high regional variation.
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42) Many less developed countries fear the loss of folk culture because
A) they do not want to preserve traditional values.
B) Western perspectives may become more dominant.
C) popular culture devalues women.
D) they want to avoid political disputes.
E) Western clothing styles are less comfortable.
43) Diffusion of popular customs can adversely impact environmental quality in two ways:
A) reducing demand for foreign products and promoting local crafts.
B) increased diversity and decreased demand.
C) depletion of scarce resources and pollution.
D) diversity of products and slow change.
E) using renewable materials and recycled designs.
44) People maintain their folk culture despite familiarity with popular culture primarily because
of……
A) the high cost of popular customs.
B) concern for the physical environment.
C) strong desire to preserve unique customs.
D) lack of exposure to the media.
E) fear of foreign influence.
45) As they have more contact with popular culture, women in less developed countries are
more likely to…..
A) bear more children.
B) obtain food for the family.
C) gain more opportunities outside the home.
D) reduce the practice of prostitution.
E) be subservient to men.
SELECT THREE (3) OF THE FOLLOWING. USE 3-5 COMPLETE SENTENCES TO ANSWER EACH.
A) What is one of the major differences in the origin of a popular culture compared to a folk
culture?
B) What is one of the major differences in the process of diffusion of popular culture compared
to a folk custom?
C) Why do leaders of some developing countries fear the loss of folk culture?
D) Migration to the United States declined in the 1920s as a result of new laws.
What did these laws do?
E) Briefly describe the distinguishing characteristic of urbanization.
F) Describe suburbanization in more developed countries.
G) Why has the major source of immigrants to the United States changed over time?
H) Describe changes in the movement of the U.S. center of population and reasons for those
changes.
I) Describe the major intraregional and interregional migration patterns within the United
States in recent years.
J) List the three types of migration push and pull factors.
K) What are some of the negative impacts of the diffusion of popular customs
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