Download 8-1.3 England`s 13 Colonies PPT Notes English and European

8-1.3 England’s 13 Colonies PPT Notes
English and European Settlers would come to the American colonies for many reasons. Each colony was unique in its
characteristics. However, they are grouped together based on location, reasons they were founded, and what types of
industries they had. There were the Southern Colonies, the Middle Colonies, and the New England Colonies.
The Southern Colonies:
The first permanent English Settlement in the Americas was at ____________ in Virginia. During the early years, many
settlers died from malaria and other diseases. Many died from _____________. Jamestown was established by a joint
stock company. Joint Stock Company: a business with many owners who pay to be a part. The chief goal of Jamestown
was to make money. The cash crop of ____________ would be the salvation Jamestown was looking for. A cash crop is
a crop that is grown for profit rather than for use by the grower.
The London Company (the stock company that ran Jamestown) started the __________________. The Headright
System gave land to anyone who paid their own passage or the passage of others to the settlement. The headright
system would help create large tobacco plantations. Growing tobacco required a lot of land and it also required a lot of
workers. _________________ were used at first. Indentured servants were poor people who agreed to work for
someone who paid their travel expenses to a colony. Indentured servants would be free after 3 to 7 years. Plantation
owners would turn to ____________ to get the help they needed to harvest crops. The London Company set up the
___________________ in 1619. This was the first group of elected representatives of English colonists in North America.
It gave settlers a voice in governing the colony even though it wasn’t democracy (govt. run by the elected people). It was
like the English way of government since the ___________________. The Magna Carta was a constitutional document
created in England that limited the power of kings and helped guarantee freedoms. The plantation system would
develop in the ______________ colonies. These were large farms which depended on slaves for labor. Jamestown grew
into the colony of Virginia and established the pattern for the southern colonies. Slavery: A system where an individual
is owned by another person and used as a source of labor. Slave: A person ____________ by another person and does
not have any rights or freedoms.
Slavery was legal; Children born to slaves became slave themselves; Sometimes families were broken apart and sold to
other _______________ owners; Enslaved people were often abused or beaten; Life revolved around large plantations;
Populations were spread out and there were few __________. Charles Town was the biggest city during colonial time.
There were fewer churches and schools in Southern colonies. The death rate was __________ in the South.
South Carolina:
South Carolina was founded as a ___________ colony when the king of England gave land to the eight Lords Proprietors
in payment of a debt. The proprietors hoped to make a profit by charging settlers a quitrent (rent money) on the
settlers land. ________________ was asked to write the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina. This document wrote
out rules, such as religious toleration, designed to attract settlers. It set up a social class system where people who
owned a lot of land were higher up in society than other people. In order to encourage ________________, the
proprietors gave away large tracts of land to settlers through the headright system, just like they did in Virginia. This led
to the establishment of large plantations based on cash crops.
The first settlers to South Carolina were Englishmen who moved away from the British colony of _______________ and
brought a well-developed slave system with them. Slavery made the plantation owners very wealthy and South Carolina
would become a ____________ colony. Other settlers that were attracted to the prosperous colony came from France,
Switzerland, Germany, ________________, and Ireland. Religious freedom promised by the Fundamental Constitutions
brought settlers from diverse religious backgrounds, including ____________________________.
The Middle Colonies:
The Middle Colonies had the greatest __________________ of people and religions in British North America. The Dutch
settled into New York. They would buy ______________ Island from the Natives for 60 guilders, or about $74. They
called it New Amsterdam. The Swedish were first settled Delaware. English Puritans also moved into the Middle
Colonies and English Quakers settled _____________________. The Quakers supported religious tolerance and good
relations with the natives in their region and so the colony attracted many other groups of people. William Penn got
land in the New World which would become known as Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania also had a ___________________
Assembly as did the other colonies in the region. A Representative Assembly is a political institution in which members
are elected to represent the population. Penn named his new city “________________” which means “brotherly love” in
Greek. It would become one of the bigger port cities in colonial America. The Middle Colonies were founded to make a
___________ This region’s economic prosperity was due to its good harbors and fertile fields. It became known as the
‘__________________’ of the colonies.
The New England Colonies:
The New England colonies were founded as a ____________ (safe place) for religious groups persecuted (mistreated) in
England. The Separatists, also known as the ________________, sailed across the Atlantic Ocean and landed at
Plymouth, Massachusetts. The pilgrims signed the Mayflower _________________ in 1620. It was a document like a
constitution that established the idea that people form the government. The Pilgrims struggled to ____________ just
like the settlers in Jamestown. A Native American taught the Pilgrims how to plant corn. This corn stopped the Pilgrims
from starving but their colony still didn’t grow.
Puritans came next to Massachusetts Bay. The ______________ started their own joint stock company and brought
their charter (deed to the land) with them to the New World. Puritans established a _________________ form of
government, run by the elected people that live there that included town meetings and a general assembly (a
congress). All male church members could vote. They _________________ almost immediately by selling lumber of the
great northern woods, building ships, and trading with others. They established schools so that their children could learn
to read the Bible and established religious conformity. __________________ , people who didn’t agree with the
Puritans, were thrown out, or exiled. Puritan families were large so the population grew and spread to other areas of
New England. New England enjoyed a thriving economy based on trade, and a _____________________ government.
People in New England towns lived, worked, and worshiped close together. People used a __________ system instead of
money. This means to trade goods. The _______________________ was the most important building in the town.
Women and girls spent hours cooking and preparing food. They _______________ butter and dried fruits. This food was
stored to last through the winter. They used animal fat to make candles and soaps. The men would hunt and work in the
fields. They also made their own _______________. In New England Colonies: they were predominately farming and
fishing communities; made their own clothes and shoes; corn and wheat grew in large numbers and much was shipped
to England; __________________ was the major New England port. New England’s ___________ climate and thin rocky
soil made large-scale farming difficult. Colonists there had small farms and only grew what they needed. This was called
___________________ Farming.