Download STUDY GUIDE - Natural Science. Unit Nº 2

STUDY GUIDE - Natural Science. Unit Nº 2 The vital functions of the human beings
(page 28)
1. Which are the 3 vital functions all human beings perform?
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2. What is nutrition?
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3. What does food contain?
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4. Why are these nutrients very important?
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5. Do the nutrients give us energy?
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6. What is interaction?
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7. Do we receive information from outside?
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8. What do we do when we receive information from outside?
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9. Give one example of interaction.
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10. Why is Reproduction essential for any living species?
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11. Do humans species continue to live when we reproduce?
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12. What is reproduction?
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(page 29)
13. What is digestion?
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14. Where does the digestion take place?
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15. What are the most important organs of the digestive system?
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16. Write these words in order starting with the mouth
anus, stomach, oesophagus, mouth, large intestine, small intestine, liver and pancreas
17. Label the different parts of the digestive system
18. Circle the words related to the digestive system
a- stomach
b- kidneys
c- bone
d- mouth
e- intestine
f- eye
g- anus
h- nose
19. Look at the diagram and answer the questions.
a- Where is the food mixed with saliva?__________________________________
b- Where is the food mixed with gastric juices? ___________________________
c- Where are the nutrients absorbed? ___________________________________
d- Where are the stools formed? _______________________________________
20. Write these sentences in the correct order
 In the stomach the food mixes with gastric juice.
 The mixture from the stomach enters the small intestine.
 Food is mixed with saliva in the mouth.
 The nutrients obtained from the food go from the small intestine into the blood.
 The food enters the oesophagus and continues into the stomach.
21. Where does digestion begin?
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22. Where does digestion end?
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11. What is the name of:
 The organ that is between our mouth and the oesophagus? ____________________
 The organ that is at the end of the large intestine? _________________________
 The organ that is like a bag and secretes gastric juice? ______________________
 The organ where digestion begins? ______________________________________
 The organ that takes the bad substances from our body? ___________________
(page 30) The respiratory system.
1. Which are the two important processes involved in respiration?
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2. Complete the diagram.
3.
3. Match the 3 columns and then write sentences that describe the two process involved in
respitation
Breathe in air
lungs get smaller
we take in oxygen
Breathe air out
lungs get bigger
we release carbon dioxide
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4. Write these words in order starting with the nasal passage.
Nasal passage - windpipe - bronchi – lungs – vocal cords – alveoli – pharynx
5. Label the different parts of the respiratory system.
6. Read about the respiratory system and complete with the corresponding word.
a- I enter your body through your nose.
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b- There are two of us. We are tubes. Air goes through us to the lungs. __________________
c- I am a long tube. Air goes down me to the bronchi and up me to the nose. ________________
d- We are two like two sponges full of air and we can be big or small ________________
(page 31)
Circulatory system.
1. Label the different parts of the circulatory system. (heart, veins and arteries)
2. What is the heart?
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3. What are blood vessels?
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4. Which are the 3 types of vessels?
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(page 31)
Excretory system.
5. Why is the excretory system important?
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6. Are the kidneys important?
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7. What is the name of the remaining fluid?
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8.What are the name of two small tubes that the urine travels from the kidneys to the bladder?
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9.Where is the urine stored?
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10. What is the name of the tube which the urine leaves the body through?
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(page 32 & 33)
Interaction.
1. True or false. Correct the false ones.
1. Through interaction, we use our senses to capture information from our environment.
2. When we capture information from our environment, we don´t respond appropriately.
3. A stimulus is the information we receive through our TV.
4. The stimulus travels to our brain through our pens.
5. We have five senses: taste, smell, sight, touch and hearing.
6. The taste allows us to identify different flavours through our tongue.
7. The sense of smell allows us to smell odours.
8. Through the sense of hearing, we can see the colour, shape and size of an object.
9. The sense of hearing helps us to understand the sounds and what they mean.
10. Through the sense of smell, we know the temperature and the texture of an object.
2. Answer the questions.
a. Which is the main organ of our nervous system?
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b. What does the brain do?
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c. Which system do the bones and muscles belong to?
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d. How many responses can we have? What are their names?
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(page 34 & 35)
Reproduction
Listen to the 3 short descriptions of the reproductive system and complete the sentences. (p35)
a) When a mother fives……………………….…to a baby, the muscles in her body
………………..……in order to help her ………………………the baby out.
b) We need both……………………………….reproductive organs and ……………………..
Reproductive organs in order to make a ……………………………
c) A woman´s …………………….get bigger and bigger in order to make ………………
for the baby that is ……………………inside.
Answer these questions.
a. Which organs produce eggs? ………………………………………………………………….
b. Which organs produce sperm? ..................................................................................................
c. Why is the amniotic sac important? ……………………………………………………………
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d. How long does a human reproduction process last? ....................................................................