Download Honors Biology Test

Study Guide – Cells
Name:____________________
Part I. Multiple choice. Select the best answer for each question below.
___ 1. The structure that surrounds the cell and regulates which particles may enter or leave the
cell is called the
(a) nuclear membrane.
(b) cell membrane.
(c) chromatin.
(d) chloroplast.
___ 2. Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus of the cell?
(a) DNA
(b) RNA
(c) proteins
(d) nucleolus
___ 3. In plants this structure traps solar energy and uses it to form sugars during
photosynthesis.
(a) vacuole
(b) ribosome
(c) lysosome
(d) chloroplast
___ 4. Which of the following is a difference between plant and animal cells?
(a) animals have only a cell membrane, plants have only a cell wall
(b) plants have centrioles, animal cells do not
(c) plants have chloroplasts and large vacuole, animals have no chloroplasts and small
vacuoles
(d) plants have more mitochondria because they make their own food
___ 5. This organelle releases energy that supports all cell activities.
(a) nucleus
(b) golgi apparatus
(c) endoplasmic reticulum
(d) mitochondria
___ 6. Which of the following is false regarding the characteristics of prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells?
(a) Prokaryotic cells are typically thought of as more complex than eukaryotic cells.
(b) Eukaryotic cells have their DNA enclosed in a nucleus, prokaryotic cells do not.
(c) Both are surrounded by a cell membrane.
(d) Both are capable of movement using cilia or flagella
___ 7. Which of the following are considered to be prokaryotic?
(a) bacteria
(b) fungi
(c) plants
(d) animals
Part II. Fill in the Blank Fill in the missing word(s) to complete the sentences below.
8. The _____________________________ provides support for the cell, like your skeleton
supports your body. It is made up of microtubules and microfilaments.
9. The gel-like (fluid) substance that surrounds the organelles in a cell is the
___________________.
10. The ___________________________ are structures in the nuclear membrane that allow
materials to enter and leave the nucleus.
11. The ___________________ directs cell activities and contains genetic information.
12. The ____________________ is found in the nucleus and is responsible for making
ribosomes.
13. The tiny organs inside a cell are called __________________________.
14. The ________________________________ is the final protein sorter, packaging proteins
before they leave the cell.
15. If the magnification of the objective lens is 20X and the magnification of the eyepiece is 5X,
the total magnification of the microscope is __________.
16. DNA condenses into __________________________ in the nucleus, prior to cell division.
Part III. Short answer.
17. Which type of organisms evolved first? Prokaryotes or eukaryotes? Explain your choice.
18. Why would a plant cell need such a large vacuole, but an animal cell would not?
19. Describe at least two of the three parts that make up the “cell theory” and relate them to
characteristics of life?
20. The endoplasmic reticulum winds throughout the cell. How does this arrangement help the
ER to perform its job in the cell?
21. Why would a gland cell responsible for making enzymes or hormones have a lot of
ribosomes? In other words, what do ribosomes make?
22. List the organelles involved in making proteins in order.
Part IV. Plant vs. animal cells. For each statement below, identify whether it refers to plants,
animals, or both.
23. Contains a cell wall.
24. Contains a cell membrane.
25.Contains chloroplasts.
26.Contains mitochondria, ER, and golgi bodies.
27.Contains ribosomes, lysosomes, and a cytoskeleton.
28.Contains centrioles.
Part V. Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes. Each phrase below is referring to prokaryotes, eukaryotes,
or both. Identify which one is being referred to.
29. Contains very few organelles.
30. Contains cytoplasm.
31. Contains an endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole, microtubules, and nucleus.
32. Contains ribosomes.
33. Contains a mitochondria, lysosomes, and golgi bodies.
34. Examples include plants and animals.
35. Examples include bacteria.