Download Review Sheet for Latin Test #1, chapters 1-7

Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 1
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
Why Study Latin?  see… www.promotelatin.org
Introduction:
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□
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I know the definition of a subject of a
sentence as the noun that performs the
action of a verb: e.g., The boy sees a wolf.
I know the definition of a direct object of
a sentence: the noun that receives the
action of a verb: e.g., The boy sees a wolf.
I know the definition of an indirect
object of a sentence: the noun that
receives the direct object; used with
verbs of giving, showing, telling, &
trusting. The boy gives food to the cat.
I know what a preposition is.
I know the definition of an object of a
certain prepositions: e.g., in the water
I know the definition of a possessive
noun. (‘s, s’, of)
I know what direct address is. : e.g., Hey
George, there is a wolf in the water!
□
□
□
□
□
□
I know that the nominative case is
used for (1) the subject, (2)
complement (with est/sunt)
I know that the genitive case is used
for possession (‘s, s’, of)
I know that the dative case is used for
the indirect object. (to/for)
I know that the accusative case is
used for (1) the direct object, (2)
object of certain prepositions: (to,
towards, into)
I know that the ablative case is used
for the object of certain prepositions:
(with, by, from, in)
I know that the vocative case is used
for the direct address. (Hey!, O!)
A Few Words about: Nouns, Adjectives, and Verbs…
NOUNS
 By definition a noun (or “substantive”) is a person, place, thing or idea/concept. So,
examples, respectively, are president or Mrs. Smith, school or Philadelphia, desk, peace or
liberty.

In Latin, a noun has an ending that must be considered when translating. Noun
endings will change depending on how they are used in the sentence. We use the
term CASE to explain the possible uses of a noun in a sentence. The following chart
needs to be committed to memory in order to read Latin successfully (Woo-Hoo!):
LATIN CASE
FUNCTION(S) of CASE
NOMINATIVE
1. Subject, 2. Complement
Possession
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
ABLATIVE
VOCATIVE
Indirect Object
1. Direct Object, 2. Object after
prepositions “to, toward, into” (Motion
Towards)
Object after certain prepositions:
“with, by, from (Motion away from), in”
Direct Address (whenever you call
someone or thing by name.
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION, with
girl as an example
(none): the girl, a girl
“of”, ‘s, s’: the girl’s, [the
girls’ (pl.)], of the girl
(“to, for”): (to/for) the girl
(none): the girl, a girl
“with/by/from/in”:
with the girl, etc.
“O”, “Hey!”:
“Hey, girl!”
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 2
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.

A DECLENSION is a system of noun case endings. In Latin there are 5 different
declensions. A Latin noun can only belong to one of the 5 declensions…So, a 1st
declension noun cannot have 2nd or 3rd declension endings attached to it. The
chart below gives the endings for the first three declensions (most nouns belong to
one of these declensions, and few nouns belong to the 4th and 5th declensions)
NOUN CASE
NUMBER
1st Declension 2nd Declension 3rd Declension
Nominative
Singular
-a
-us (-er/-ir)*
Various*
Genitive
Singular
-ae
-is
-ī
Dative
Singular
-ae
-ō
-ī
Accusative
Singular
-am
-um
-em
Ablative
Singular
-ā
-ō
-e
Vocative
Singular
-a
-e (-er, -ir)*
= nominative
Nominative
PLURAL
-ae
-ī
-ēs
Genitive
PLURAL
-ārum
-ōrum
-um
Dative
PLURAL
-īs
-īs
-ibus
Accusative
PLURAL
-ās
-ōs
-ēs
Ablative
PLURAL
-īs
-īs
-ibus
Vocative
PLURAL
-ae
-ī
-ēs
* allow for variants
TIPS
1. Think of declensions as fixed patterns. For example, a 1st declension noun must
follow the pattern of the 1st declension. Likewise, a 2nd declension noun follows
the pattern of the 2nd declension.
2. RULE  The genitive case in the singular identifies the declension of a noun.
(1st Decl.: -ae; 2nd Decl.: - ī; 3rd Decl.: -is; 4th Decl.: -ūs; 5th Decl.: -ēī) … That is
why the genitive singular is given in the dictionary in the back of the book after
the nominative singular.
3. RULE The genitive singular form of a noun also indicates if there is a spelling
change in the stem. All endings are attached to the genitive stem, except for the
nominative singular and the vocative singular.  RULE That is also why the
genitive singular is given in the dictionary in the back of the book after the
nominative singular.
4. Nouns also have a gender: masculine, feminine or neuter. This is important to
keep in mind when making adjectives agree with nouns.
ADJECTIVES
 By definition, an adjective describes a noun. An adjective usually has something to do with
quality or quantity. So, examples of adjectives in English are large, small, many, few, round,
square, wide, thin, 5, 7, 20, energetic, eager, lackluster, playful, mad, happy, and sad.

Adjectives use virtually the same declensions as nouns
Page 3
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
 Adjectives are of 2 main types:
(A) 1st-2nd Declension adjectives – these use 1st declension endings when describing a
noun that is feminine; and 2nd decl. endings when describing a noun that is masculine or
neuter.
(B) 3rd Declension Adjectives – these adjectives use 3rd declension endings only to describe
nouns of all 3 genders.
RULE An adjective must agree with the noun it’s describing in CASE,
NUMBER, and GENDER.
In the charts below, notice how the Latin adjective magnus, magna, magnum (a 1st-2nd declension
adjective) agrees with the nouns in case, number, and gender, but not always in declension:
CASE/NUMBER
ager, agrī…is masculine, 2nd Decl.
Nominative Singular
Genitive Singular
magnus ager
magnī agrī
the big field
of the big field,
the field’s
Dative Singular
magnō agrō
(to/for) the big
field
Accusative Singular
Ablative Singular
magnum agrum
magnō agrō
Vocative Singular
Nominative PLURAL
magne ager
magnī agrī
magnōrum
agrōrum
the big field
with/by/from/in
the big field
O, big field(!)
the big fields
of the big
fields; the
fields’
(to/for) the big
fields
the big fields
with/by/from
the big fields
O, big fields (!)
Genitive PLURAL
Dative PLURAL
magnīs agrīs
Accusative PLURAL
Ablative PLURAL
magnōs agrōs
magnīs agrīs
Vocative PLURAL
magnī agrī
vox, vocis… is 3rd decl. feminine
magna vox
the loud voice
of the loud
magnae vocis
voice; the loud
voice’s
(to/for) the
magnae vocī
loud voice
magnam vocem the loud voice
with/by/from/in
magnā voce
the loud voice
O, loud voice (!)
magna vox
the loud voices
magnae vocēs
of
the loud
magnārum
voices;
the loud
vocum
voices’
magnīs vocibus (to/for) the
loud voices
the loud voices
magnās vocēs
magnīs vocibus with/by/from/in
the loud voices
O, loud voices
magnae vocēs
VERBS
 By definition a verb is an action word or involves a state of being. Here are four types of
verbs we will see early on:
1. Transitive verbs – take a direct object [eat, lift, throw, deliver, send, find, invent, see]
2. Intransitive verbs – cannot take a direct object [sit, lie, walk, run, meander, stand]
3. Linking verbs – connect two nominatives (subject <-> complement) [is, are, seem,
become, be made]
4. Impersonal verbs – “it” or “there”…used only in 3rd singular: necesse est = it is
necessary; licet = it is permitted
Page 4
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
 Verbs have endings also, and that ending must be considered when translating. Verb
endings are called personal endings, because they relate to the person performing the action
of the verb (i.e., verb ending relate to the subject)
 CONJUGATIONS: A conjugation is a pattern of Latin verb endings. There are 4 verb
conjugations in Latin. But, All verbs use the same personal endings. The only chief difference
between the declensions is the vowel before the personal endings
 Here is a chart of the most basic verb endings, which all verbs use…ē
Person Number Latin verb ending English Pronoun Example: sedeō
TRANSLATION
1st Person Singular -ō
I sit, I am sitting, I
I
sedeō
nd
2 Person Sing.
-s
you
sedēs
3rd Person Sing.
-t
he, she, it
sedet
1st Person Plural
-mus
we
sedēmus
2nd Person Pl.
-tis
you (pl.)
sedētis
3rd Person Pl.
-nt
they
sedent
INFINITIVE
-re
to
sedēre

There are 6 main verb tenses:
Tense
Aspect
PRESENT
IMPERFECT
On-going action now
FUTURE
PERFECT
Future action
PLUPERFECT
FUTURE PERFECT
On-going / repeated
/habitual action in
PAST time
Completed action from
the point of view of the
present
Completed action from
the point of view of the
past
Completed action from
the point of view of the
future
do sit
you sit/are sitting,
do sit
he, she, it sits/is
sitting, does sit
we sit/are sitting,
do sit
you (pl.) sit/are
sitting, do sit
They sit/are
sitting, do sit
to sit
Latin Example
vocō, vocāre, vocāvī
vocāmus
vocābāmus
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION
vocābimus
vocāvimus
We will call
We called, we have
called, we did call
vocāverāmus
We had called
vocāverimus
We will have called
We are calling, we call
We were calling / we
kept calling / we used
to call
TRANSLATION FORMULA
Step 1. Find the Nominative…(if there isn’t a nominative, go to step 2 and translate verb ending)
Step 2. Go to the verb
Step 3. translate Accusative (most verbs are transitive)
Step 4. translate everything else in the predicate: prepositional phrases, adverbs, etc.
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 5
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
Chapter I Checklist:
□ I have memorized vocabulary for this chapter.
□ I have made vocabulary flash cards for this chapter
□ I have completed ex. 1a, 1b, 1c
□ I have read the grammar section in the book.
□ I know the definitions (see page 4) for the following parts of speech: nouns,
adjectives, and verbs.
□ I have reread the main story in Latin for this chapter.
₪ Chapter I Vocabulary: put complete Latin forms + derivatives on your cards!
(For quizzes, extra credit for giving all vocab info. For verbs: 4 principal parts; for nouns: nom s., gen s., + gender)
ecce = Look!
(Italian – Ecco!)
aestās, aestātis F. = summer (aestivate, estivation)
alter, altera, alterum = a second, another (alternate, alternative, alter ego)
arbor, arboris F = tree (arbor, arboreal, arborist, Arbor Day, arboreous)
Cūr? = Why?
dum (conjunction) = while
et = and
etiam = also, even
faciō, facere, fēcī, factus = to do, make (factory, effect, manufacture, efficient)
habitō, habitāre, habitāvī, habitātus = to live, dwell (inhabit, habitation, habit, habitat)
iam = now, already
laetus, laeta, laetum = happy
legō, legere, lēgī, lectus = read; pick, choose, collect (legible, illegible, lecture, elect, select)
nōmen, nōminis N. = name (nominate, nominee, nomenclature, ignominious, nominal, anonymous)
puella, puellae F. = girl
quae = who, what (from quī, quae, quod)
Quid? = What?
Quis? = Who?
quod (conjunction) = because
rūsticus, a, um = country (rustic, rural, rusticate, rusticate)
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptus = to write (scribe, scribble, script, prescription, proscribe,
describe, inscribe)
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessus = to sit (sedentary, session, sedate, sediment, obsession)
sub = under, beneath [preposition + acc/abl] (substrata, substantive, submarine, subhuman,
suburbs)
ubi = where, where? (ubiquitous, ubiquity)
vīcinus, vīcina, vīcinum = neighboring (vicinity)
vīlla, vīllae F. = countryhouse (village, Villanova, villain)
₪ Derivative-Definition matching!
A. legible
B. nomenclature
C. proscription
D. vicinity
E. villain
a wicked or evil person, a scoundrel
neighborhood
living in or among trees
another identity
existing or being everywhere, esp. at the same time; omnipresent
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 6
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
F. aestivate
G. arboreal
H. alter ego
I.
ubiquitous
able to be read
outlawry, interdiction, or prohibition
To spend the summer, as at a special place.
Zoology: To pass the summer in a dormant or torpid state.
a set or system of names or terms, as those used in a
particular science or art, by an individual or community
Chapter II Checklist:
□ I have memorized vocabulary for this
chapter.
□ I have made vocabulary flash cards for
this chapter.
□ I have completed ex. 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d
□ I have read the grammar section in
the book.
□ I have reread the main story in Latin
for this chapter.
□
□
□
□
I know the verb endings –t and –nt.
I know that the number of the
subject affects the verb ending.
I know that est and sunt are linking
verbs. (They link 2 nominatives)
I have read “A Roman Family” on
pages 10-11.
₪ Chapter 2 Vocabulary: put complete Latin forms + derivatives on your cards!
(For quizzes, extra credit for giving all vocab info. For verbs: 4 principal parts; for nouns: nom s., gen s., + gender)
ad = to, toward, at, near [a preposition that always takes the accusative case]
ad vīllam rūsticam = to/toward the country house (and farm)
ager, agrī M.= field (agriculture, agronomy, agro-economics)
ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātus = to walk (ambulance, amble, ambulatory,
perambulator, perambulate, deambulatory)
amīca, amīcae F. = friend (feminine friend) (amicable, amity, enmity, inimical)
amīcus, amīca, amīcum = friendly (amicable, amity, enmity, inimical)
brēvī tempore = in a short time, soon
brēvis, brēve = short, brief (brevity, abbreviation, debrief, brief (noun), brief (verb))
currō, currere, cucurrī, cursus = run (cursory, current, precursor, au courrant)
dēfessus, dēfessa, dēfessum = tired
ex (ē) = from, out of – [a preposition that always takes the ablative case]
ex agrīs = from/out of the fields
hodiē = today
in = 1. into, onto [a preposition that takes the accusative case]
2. in, on [a preposition that takes the ablative case]
in agrīs = in the fields (agriculture, agronomy, agro-economics)
lentē = slowly (lento, lentissimo, lentando)
nōn iam = no longer
Quid faciunt…? = What are (they) doing
quoque = also
sed = but
sunt = they are [the plural of est]
tandem = at last (tandem)
tempus, temporis N = time (temporary, temporal, contemporary, extemporaneous, tempo)
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 7
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
₪ Derivative-Definition matching!
A. ambulatory
An arrangement of 2 or more persons / objects placed one behind the other
B. precursor
One that precedes and indicates something to come; forerunner.
C. tandem
being brief in duration; Concise expression; terseness
D. extemporaneous
Carried out or performed with little or no preparation; impromptu
E. contemporary
to question formally in order to obtain useful intelligence & information
F. brevity
to go to the country
G. inimical
Capable of walking; not bedridden
H. rusticate
occurring, or living at the same time; belonging to the same time
I. debrief
unfriendly; hostile
□ (1) Translate; (2) Rewrite the sentence in Latin changing all singulars into Latin plurals.
Puella Romana sedet quod est defessa.
(1)
(2)
□ In the sentence, identify the following:
Subject of the sentence:
Linking Verb:
Complement:
Action Verb:
Chapter III Checklist:
□ I have memorized vocabulary for this
chapter.
□ I have made vocabulary flash cards for
this chapter.
□ I have completed ex. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d. 3e
□ I have read the grammar section in
the book.
□ I have reread the main story in Latin
for this chapter.
□
I know that adjectives must agree
with their nouns in 3 ways: case,
number and gender.
□
I have read “Dress” on page 17 and
defined every word in bold.
₪ Chapter 3 Vocabulary: put complete Latin forms + derivatives on your cards!
(For quizzes, extra credit for giving all vocab info. For verbs: 4 principal parts; for nouns: nom s., gen s., + gender)
abeō, abīre, abiī (abīvī), abītus = to go away (ambition)
Abīte, molestī = Go away, pests!
amīcus, amīcī M. = friend (masculine friend) (amicable, amity, enmity, inimical)
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsus = to fall (accident, cadence, deciduous, incident, casualty, casual,
casuistry, case)
clāmō, clāmāre, clāmāvī, clāmātus = to shout, yell (proclaim, exclaim, declaim, clamor,
clamorous, exclamation, declamation, proclamation, disclaim, disclaimer)
gemō, gemere, gemuī, gemitus = to groan
hortus, hortī M. = garden (horticulture, horticulturist)
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 8
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
īdem, eadem, idem = the same (identical, identity)
īrātus, īrāta, īrātum = angry, irate (ire, irate, irascible)
Ita vērō! = yes! (verily, veracity, veracious, verisimilitude)
labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātus = to work (labor, elaborate, collaborate, laborious,
laboratory, laborite)
Minimē = no!, not at all! (minimal, minimize)
molestus, molesta, molestum = annoying, bothersome (molest)
multus, multa, multum = much (singular), many (plural) (multiply, multifaceted, multicultural,
multiplicity)
-ne  indicates a question
piscīna, piscīnae F. = fishpond (Pisces, piscine, piscina, pisciculture, piscatorial, piscivorous,
piscary)
puer, puerī M.= boy (puerile, puerilism, puerperal)
Quī = who (masculine, both singular and plural)
rīdeō, rīdere, rīsī, rīsus = to laugh, smile (ridiculous, deride, ridicule, risible)
servus, servī M.= slave (servitude, serve, servant, servile, service, servitor, disservice)
sōlus, sōla, sōlum = only, alone (solo, solitary, soliloquy, solitude, sole, solitaire, soloist,
desolate)
subitō = suddenly (still used in Italian)
vir, virī M.= man, husband (virile, virility, virago, virilization, virilism)
₪ Derivative-Definition matching!
A. desolation
A dramatic form of discourse in which a character talks to himself / herself
B. virile
speech intended to cause contemptuous laughter at a person or thing; derision.
C. verisimilitude
slavishly submissive or obsequious; fawning
D. case
deprivation of companionship; loneliness; dreariness; barrenness.
E. ridicule
easily provoked to anger; very irritable
F. soliloquy
characterized by a vigorous, masculine spirit
G. servile
cultivation of a garden, orchard, or nursery: cultivation of
flowers, fruits, vegetables, or ornamental plants
H. horticulture
the appearance or semblance of truth; likelihood; probability
I. irascible
to speak aloud in an oratorical manner; make a formal speech
J.
declaim
a distinct form of a noun, pronoun, or modifier that is used to
express one or more particular syntactic relationships to other words in a sentence.
Chapter IV Checklist:
□ I have memorized the vocabulary for
this chapter.
□ I have made vocabulary flash cards for
this chapter.
□ I have completed ex. 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d
□ I have read the grammar section in
the book.
□ I have reread the main story in Latin
for this chapter.
□
□
□
I know that the ending –m indicates
an accusative singular ending as
follows: -am (1st declension), -um (2nd
declension, -em (3rd declension).
I remember that the accusative case is
used for (1) the direct object, (2)
object of certain prepositions: (to,
towards, into)
I know that transitive verbs take a
direct object.
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 9
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
□
I have read Word Study I – pages 2223 and completed Ex. 1, 2, and 3
□
I know that intransitive verbs cannot
have a direct object.
₪ Chapter 4 Vocabulary: put complete Latin forms + derivatives on your cards!
(For quizzes, extra credit for giving all vocab info. For verbs: 4 principal parts; for nouns: nom s., gen s., + gender)
amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus = to like, to love (amorous, enamored, amity)
appropinquō, appropinquāre, appropinquāvī, appropinquātus = to approach (approach,
propinquity, appropriate)
ascendō, ascendere, ascendī, ascensus = to climb (up) (ascend, ascent, ancestors, descent,
ascension, transcend)
audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītus = to hear, listen to (auditorium, auditory, audition, audio)
caveō, cavēre, cāvī, cautus = to beware, be careful (caution, precaution, incaution, caveat,
Cave canem!)
cōnspiciō, cōnspicere, cōnspexī, cōnspectus = to catch sight of (conspicuous, inconspicuous)
Descende, Sexte! = Come down, Sextus!
dēscendō, dēscendere, dēscendī, dēscensus = to climb down (descend, ascend, ascent,
ancestors, descent, ascension, transcend)
dormiō, dormīre, dormīvī, dormītus = to sleep (dormant, dormitory, dorm)
fragor, fragōris M. = crash, noise (fracture, fragile, fractious, refractory, refraction)
fūrtim = stealthily, sneakily, “like a thief” (furtive, ferret)
igitur = therefore
īnfirmus, īnfirma, īnfirmum = weak, shaky (infirm, infirmity)
magnā vōce = in a loud voice
magnus, magna, magnum = big, great, loud (magnify, magnificent, magnanimous)
molestus, molesta, molestum = annoying, bothersome (molest)
nihil = nothing (annihilate, nil, ex nihilo, nihilism, nihilist)
quālis, quāle = what sort of…? (quality, qualify, qualification)
rāmus, rāmī M. = branch (ramify, ramification, ramada)
semper = always
sollicitus, sollicita, sollicitum = anxious, worried
terreō, terrēre, terruī, terrītus = to scare, terrify (terrify, terror, terrible)
tū = you (subject) / tē = you ( direct object)
tum = at that moment, then
vexō, vexāre, vexāvī, vexātus = to annoy (vex, vexation, vexing)
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus = to see (evident, provide, vision, visible, invisible, prudent)
vōx, vōcis F. = voice (vocal, voice, invoke, revoke, invocation, provocative, provoke, vocalize)
₪ Derivative-Definition matching!
A. ramification
wise/judicious in practical affairs; sagacious; discreet or circumspect
B. dormant
an extreme form of skepticism: the denial of all real
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
magnanimous
caveat
prudent
provocative
nihilism
existence or the possibility of an objective basis for truth
nearness in place; proximity; nearness of relation; kinship
noble and generous in spirit; forgiving
taken, done, used, etc., surreptitiously or by stealth; secret
marked by foolish or unreasoning fondness; gaga
The act or process of branching out or dividing into branches
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 10
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
H. fractious
I.
propinquity
J. furtive
K. enamored
readily angered; peevish; irritable; quarrelsome
in a state of rest or inactivity; inoperative; in abeyance
a warning or caution; admonition
tending or serving to provoke; inciting, stimulating, irritating, or
vexing
1. Give two functions for the accusative case.
2. In a complete sentence, explain what a direct object is.
3. Fill in the chart accordingly, giving the accusative endings:
Just give endings
Accusative
Singular
1st Declension
Chapter V Checklist:
□ I have memorized the vocabulary for
this chapter.
□ I have made vocabulary flash cards for
this chapter.
□ I have completed ex. 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d
□ I have read the grammar section in
the book.
□ I have reread the main story in Latin
for this chapter.
□ I have read “Aeneas” on pages 28-31.
2nd Declension
□
□
□
□
3rd Declension
I know that the infinitive ending on
verbs is –re and is translated as “to”
…Example: currere= to run
I know that the infinitive is used to
identify verb conjugations: -āre verbs
(1st conjugation), -ēre verbs (2nd
conj.), -ere verbs (3rd conj.), -īre verbs
(3rd conj.).
The infinitive of est/sunt is the
irregular esse = “to be”
I know that the complementary
infinitive completes certain verbs like
wanting, wishing, fearing, able.
₪ Chapter 5 Vocabulary: put complete Latin forms + derivatives on your cards!
(For quizzes, extra credit for giving all vocab info. For verbs: 4 principal parts; for nouns: nom s., gen s., + gender)
ad puellās = toward the girls [ad + accusative]
adhūc (adverb) = still
adveniō, advenīre, advēnī, adventus = to arrive, to reach (advent, adventure, adventuresome)
appropinquō, appropinquāre, appropinquāvī, appropinquātus = to approach (approach,
propinquity, appropriate)
arripiō, arripere, arripuī, arreptus = to grab hold of, to snatch (rapture)
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 11
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
auxilium, auxiliī N. = help, aid (auxiliary)
calidus, calida, calidum – warm (calorie, calibration, calibrated, California)
clāmor, clāmōris M. = a shout, shouting (clamor, clamorous)
diēs, diēī M. = day (diary, diurnal, quotidian, post meridian, ante meridian, daily, per diem)
ē (alternate form of ex-preposition + ablative case) = out of, from (exit, external, expel)
ego = I; meī = of me; mihi = to/for me; mē = me (accusative); mē = me (ablative) (alter ego,
egoist, egotist)
eōs = them (masculine); eās = them (feminine)
is, ea, id (irregular) = he, she, it
errō, errāre, errāvī, errātus = to wander; be wrong (err, error, errand, errant, erroneous,
aberration)
eum = him; eum = her
is, ea, id (irregular) = he, she, it
excipiō, excipere, excēpī, exceptus = to welcome (exception, accept)
exeō, exīre, exiī (exīvī), exitus = to go out, to exit (exit)
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus = to bring, bear, report, carry; endure, suffer (offer, refer, deference, infer,
ferry, transfer, Lucifer)
Ferte auxilium! = Bring help!
frīgidus, frīgida, frīgidum – cool, cold (frigid, refrigerator, refrigeration)
ibi = there
ignāvus, ignāva, ignāvum = lazy, cowardly (knave, knavery)
lupus, lupī M. = wolf (lupine, lupus)
neque…neque = neither…nor
neque = and…not
nōlō, nōlle, nōluī, ---- = to be unwilling, not want, refuse (willy nilly)
parō, parāre, parāvī, parātus = to prepare, to get (prepare, compare, repair)
perterritus, perterrita, perterritum = frightened, terrified
silva, silvae F. = forest, woods (sylvan, Sylvester, Pennsylvania, savage)
in silvam = “into the woods” (note that in + accusative means “into)
₪ Derivative-Definition matching!
A. quotidian
the act of going or going customarily; resort
B. calibration
vigorous in demands or complaints; given to vehement outcry
C. volition
pertaining to / resembling a wolf; savage; ravenous; predatory
D. repair
the act of departing from the right, normal, or usual course
E. deference
a choice or decision made by the will; the power of willing
F. lupine
of, pertaining to, or inhabiting the woods; woody
G. clamorous
an unprincipled, untrustworthy, or dishonest person; a male servant
H. frigid
to determine or check the graduation of any instrument
I.
aberration
J. knave
K. sylvan
giving quantitative measurements
respectful submission or yielding to the judgment of another.
daily; usual or customary; everyday; ordinary
very cold; without warmth of feeling; without ardor or enthusiasm
□. In a complete sentence define what a complementary infinitive is.
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 12
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
□. The ending of the infinitive in Latin is
"
, and that ending is translated into English as
".
□ Translate the following sentence into good English:
Puella arborem nōn ascendit quod in rīvum cadere nōn vult.
□ Translate into Latin: The lazy boy is afraid to run.
Chapter VI Checklist:
□ I have memorized the vocabulary for
this chapter.
□ I have made vocabulary flash cards for
this chapter.
□ I have completed ex. 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d
□ I have read the grammar section in
the book.
□ I have reread the main story in Latin
for this chapter.
□ I have read “the Slave Market” on
pages 37 and defined the words in
bold.
□
□
□
□
I know that the infinitive is used
with necesse est as a complementary
infinitive.
I know that nouns have gender:
masculine, feminine or neuter (TBD).
The gender of some nouns is hard to
predict. E.g., arbor, clamor, vox,
fragor – which belong to the third
declension.
I know that adjectives must agree
with their nouns in 3 ways: case,
number and gender.
₪ Chapter 6 Vocabulary: put complete Latin forms + derivatives on your cards!
(For quizzes, extra credit for giving all vocab info. For verbs: 4 principal parts; for nouns: nom s., gen s., + gender)
adiuvō, adiuvāre, adiūvī, adiūtus = to help
ancilla, ancillae F. = slave-woman [household female slave] (ancillary)
aqua, aquae F. = water (aquatic, aquarium, Aquarius, aquamarine, aquifer)
cibus, cibī M. = food
coquō, coquere, coxi, coctus = to cook (concoct, concoction, cook, )
cūrō, cūrāre, cūrāvī, cūrātus = to look after, take care of (cure, curator)
doceō, docēre, docuī, doctus = to teach, inform (docile, doctor, doctrine, document)
etiam = also, even
ipse, ipsa, ipsum = -self: himself, herself, itself; (pl): themselves
lānam trahunt = (they) spin wool
lāna, lānae F. = wool (lanate)
lūcet, lūcēre, lūxit, ----- = it is shining, it is light, it is daytime (translucent, lucent, lucid,
luciferous, elucidate, dilucidate)
māter, matris F. = mother (maternal, maternity, matriarch, matricide)
mox = soon, presently
necesse est it is necessary (necessary, necessitate, unnecessary)
neque = and not
nōndum (adverb) = not yet
nunc = now
observō, observāre, observāvī, observātus = to watch, observe (observation, observe,
observatory)
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 13
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
omnia quae = everything that
omnis, omnis (3rd Decl. Adjective) = every [singular], all [plural] (omniscient, omnipotent,
omnipresent, omnibus)
pater, patris M. = father (paternal, paternity, paterfamilias, patriarch, repatriate, patricide)
per = through (“by” as in percent, per capita) [perfume, perforate, perdure, permit]
per vīllam = through the country house
portō, portāre, portāvī, portātus = to carry (portable, import, export, deportation)
pūrgō, pūrgāre, pūrgāvī, pūrgātus = to clean (purge, purgatory, purgation)
Quī…? = Who…?
reprehendō, reprehendere, reprehendī, reprehensus = to blame, scold (reprehensible,
apprehend, comprehend)
₪ Derivative-Definition matching!
A. elucidate
the female head of a family or tribal line; a venerable old woman
B. portable
Transmitting light but causing sufficient diffusion to prevent
perception of distinct images. Clear; lucid.
C. purge
To make clear or plain, especially by explanation; clarify
D. reprehensible
a place or structure that provides an extensive view; lookout.
E. matriarch
woolly; covered with something resembling wool.
F. repatriate
to rid of whatever is impure or undesirable; cleanse; purify
G. docile
deserving of reproof, rebuke, or censure; blameworthy.
H. translucent
pertaining to, including, or dealing with numerous objects
I.
observatory
or items at once; A printed anthology of the works of one author
To restore or return to the country of birth, citizenship, or origin
J. omnibus
easily carried or conveyed
K. lanate
ready & willing to be taught; teachable; yielding to supervision, tractable
1. What does impersonal mean? How do you translate an impersonal verb?
2. Give the two impersonal verbs in this chapter and what they mean.
3. Describe what an adjective is in a complete sentence.
4. What are the three ways that adjectives agree with the nouns they modify?
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 14
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
5. Make the adjective solus, sola, solum agree with the following nouns:
a. puer
g. patrem
b. puerum
h. pater
c. pueri
i. mater
d. amicus
j. matrem
e. amica
k. togae
f. arbor
l. clamor
6. Give the gender for the following 3rd declension nouns and translate:
a. magnum clamorem
f. magna vox
b. multae arbores
g. arborem infirmam
c. pater laetus
h. patrem defessum
d. mater laeta
i. magnus fragor
e. patres soli
j. matres solae
7. Review of endings. Fill in the box!
Declension
1st Declension
Gender(s) of Decl.
Nominative singular
ending(s)
Acc. singular
Nominative plural
Accusative plural
2nd Declension
8. Decline the adjective frigidus, a, um in agreement with aqua.
aqua
frigidus, a, um
Nominative sing
Accusative singular
Nominative plural
Accusative plural
9. Decline the adjective calidus, a, um in agreement with cibus.
cibus
calidus, a, um
Nominative sing
Accusative singular
Nominative plural
Accusative plural
3rd Decl.
Translate
Translate
10. Decline the adjective perterritus, a, um in agreement with mater.
mater
perterritus, a, um
Translate
Nominative sing
Accusative singular
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 15
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
Nominative plural
Accusative plural
11. Decline the adjective strenuus, a, um in agreement with vir.
vir
strenuus, a, um
Nominative sing
Accusative singular
Nominative plural
Accusative plural
Chapter VII Checklist:
□ I have memorized the vocabulary for
this chapter.
□ I have made vocabulary flash cards for
this chapter.
□ I have completed ex. 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d,
7e, 7f
□ I have read the grammar section in
the book.
□ I have reread the main story in Latin
for this chapter.
□ I have read “The Roman Villa” on
pages 45-48 and defined the words in
bold.
□
□
□
Translate
I know that the ending –s indicates
an accusative PLURAL ending when
seen as follows: -ās (1st declension), ōs (2nd declension, -ēs (3rd decl.).
I remember that the accusative case is
used for (1) the direct object,
(2) object of certain prepositions: (to,
towards, into)
I have reviewed the various endings
of the nominative and accusative
cases.
₪ Chapter 7 Vocabulary: put complete Latin forms + derivatives on your cards!
(For quizzes, extra credit for giving all vocab info. For verbs: 4 principal parts; for nouns: nom s., gen s., + gender)
occupātus, occupāta, occupātum = busy (preoccupied, occupation, occupy)
labōrantēs = working [-nt- + a 3rd declension ending = “-ing” in English] (elaborate, labor)
spectō, spectāre, spectāvī, spectātus = to watch, look at (spectator, spectacle, inspect,
respect, introspective)
nūntius, nuntiī M. = messenger, message (announce, renounce, denounce)
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventus = to come, arrive (advent, invent, event, convene, intervention)
salūtō, salūtāre, salūtāvī, salūtātus = to greet (salutations, salute, salve)
Salvē! / Salvēte! = Greetings!, Hello! (salutations, salute, salve)
inquit = he/she says/said (used with direct quotes)
meus. mea, meum = my (my, mine)
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus = to lead, guide (conduct, conductor, deduct, induction, seduce,
introduce, reduce, abduction, adduce, traduce)
trādō, trādere, trādidī, trāditus = to hand over (tradition, trade, traitor)
ēheu! = Alas!
prīnceps, prīncipis M. = emperor; leader, chieftain (prince, principle, principal, principality)
ad urbem = to/toward the city [note the accusative of motion towards]
urbs, urbis F. = city (urban, urbane, urbanity, transurban, suburban, exurban)
revocō, revocāre, revocāvī, revocātus = to call back, recall (revoke, revocation)
Page 16
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
cōnsulō, cōnsulere, cōnsuluī, cōnsultus = to consult; advise (consult, consul, counselor)
redeō, redīre, rediī (redīvī), redītus = to go back, return (exit, ambition)
Eugepae! = Hurray!
eō, īre, iī (īvī), ītus = to go (exit, ambition)
Quōs…? = Whom…? (pl.)
₪ Derivative-Definition matching!
A. renounce
To cite as an example or means of proof in an argument
B. salutations
Polite, refined, and often elegant in manner
C. adduce
supreme power or office; The Roman Empire
D. principle
to look into or examine (one's own mind, feelings, etc.).
E. exurban
A polite expression of greeting or goodwill; a phrase of greeting used to
begin a letter or message.
F. revoke
a fundamental, primary, or general law or truth from which
others are derived
G. introspective
H. consul
to give up by formal declaration; to repudiate; disown
either of the two chief magistrates of the ancient Roman Republic.
I.
spectacle
a public show or display, esp. on a large scale
J.
principate
to take back or withdraw; annul, cancel, or reverse; rescind or repeal
K. urbane
A region lying beyond the suburbs of a city, especially one
inhabited principally by wealthy people
GRAMMAR. A. Describe what a "declension" is? What rôle does gender play with declensions?
B. Explain the purposes/functions of the nominative and accusative cases.
C. Fill in the endings where necessary onto the nouns in the chart below.
Case/Number
Nominative Singular
Accusative Singular
Nominative Plural
Accusative Plural
1st Declension
silv
silv
silv
silv
2nd Declension
rām
rām
rām
rām
3rd Declension
arbor
arbor
arbor
arbor
D. TRANSLATION. Translate the following into good English, then answer the questions.
Senātōrēs laetōs prīnceps ad urbem revocat.
a.
a noun in the nominative case
b.
a noun in the accusative case
c.
an adjective and the case of the adjective
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 17
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
E. CULTURAL: Give any information about how slaves were sold. What or who are mangōnēs or a
vīlicus? Why does the Greek Eucleides fetch a high price, 35,000 sesterces?
Review Chapter Vocabulary, page 50:
contrā = against [+ accusative] (contradict, contrarian, contrast, contra punctual, contrapuntal)
Graecī, Graecōrum M pl. = the Greeks (Greek, Greco-)
decem = 10, ten (decimal, decibel, decimate, decade)
annus, annī M. = year (annual, anniversary, perennial, millennium, centennial,
sesquicentennial, per annum)
obsideō, obsidēre, obsēdī, obsessus = to besiege, lay siege (obsess, obsession)
dolus, dolī M. = trick
nox, noctis F. = night (nocturnal, nocturne)
intrō, intrāre, intrāvī, intrātus = to enter (introduce, introvert, introspection)
capiō, capere, cēpī, captus = to take,, seize (capture, captive captivate, captivated)
necō, necāre, necāvī, necātus = to kill (internecine)
effugiō, effugere, effūgī, ------ = to flee, run away (fugitive)
novus, nova, novum = new (novel, innovative, Villanova, auper nova)
ab (ā) = away from [preposition + ablative] (abduct, abstract, ablative, abstruse)
nāvigō, nāvigāre, nāvigāvī, nāvigātus = to sail (navigation, navigate)
senex, senis M = old man (senator, senior, seniority, senectitude, senile, senescent)
Aenēas, Aenēae M. = Aeneas (hero who escaped the fall of Troy; mythological traveler
settled in Italy; descendants are Romulus and Remus
deus, deī M. = god, divine being
(deity, deify, deist, Greek: theology, monotheism,
polytheism, atheism)
familiāris, familiāre = of the family (family, familiar, familiar)
servō, servāre, servāvī, servātus = to keep (safe), preserve (preserve, conservation,
conserve, reserve, reservation)
parvus,parva, parvum = small (parvovirus, Paul, minor, minus)
fīlius, fīliī M. = son (filial, affiliation, affiliated)
manus, manūs F. = hand, band (manual, manufacture, manipulate, manumission, manicure,
maniple)
teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentus = to have, hold (tenuous, tenable, tenet, obtain, retain, detain)
valdē = very, very much, exceedingly
Ascanius, Ascaniī M. = Ascanius, the son of Aeneas and Creusa
relinquō, relinquere, reliquī, relictus = to leave behind, abandon (relic, relinquish ,
reliquary, reliquiae)
ubīque = everywhere (ubiquity, ubiquitous)
frūstrā = in vain (frustration, frustrate)
habeō, habēre, habuī, habitus = to have, possess, deliver (a speech) (habit, habeas corpus)
fortasse (adverb) = perhaps
possum, posse, potuī, --- = to be able, can (+ complementary infinitive) (possible, potential)
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 18
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
₪ Derivative-Definition matching!
A. per annum
the state of being everywhere, esp. at the same time; omnipresence
B. manumission
thin or slender in form, as a thread. unsubstantiated;
weak: a tenuous argument
C. reliquary
perpetual; everlasting; continuing; recurrent
D. ubiquity
Old age; elderliness
E. tenable
a person who takes an opposing view, esp. one who
F. Habeas corpus
G. perennial
H. tenet
rejects the majority opinion
a repository or receptacle for relics (especially relics of saints)
by the year; yearly.
a writ requiring a person to be brought before a judge or court, esp. for
investigation of a restraint of the person's liberty, used as a protection against illegal imprisonment
I. contrarian
J. senectitude
K. circumnavigate
To free from slavery or bondage; emancipate.
to sail or fly around; to go or maneuver around
An opinion, doctrine, or principle held as being true by
a person or especially by an organization
L. tenuous
capable of being held, maintained, or defended, as against attack or dispute
Review Sheet for Latin Test #1, chapters 1-7
Suggestions:
a. Review Vocabulary! Go through vocab cards.
b. Memorize Noun/Adjective Endings by Case and Declension.
1. Give the sense(s) of the following prefixes:
ab-(abs-)
adantecon-(com-)
contracounterdedisex-(e-)
in-
intermisobperpostproresubsupertrans-
2. What do the following roots mean? Think of English words that come from
these roots (+ prefixes if possible). Example: -tract-: “drag, draw; consider.”
Abstract, attract, contraction, detract, distraction, extract, protractor, retract,
subtract, etc.
a. –port-:
import
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 19
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
–vid-(-vis-):
–act-(-ag-):
–scrib-(-script-):
–voc-:
–spect-:
–labor-:
–scend (-scens-):
–duc-:
–pel(l)-(-puls-):
–vent-(-ven-):
–aud-:
–dorm-:
–vol-:
provide
agenda
describe
vocation
respect
elaborate
transcend
introduce
expulsion
convene
audible
dormant
volition
3. Give the reasons for the following cases!
Nominative
Accusative
Vocative
4. Explain the following terms in a complete sentence. Give examples also.
a. transitive verb
b. intransitive verb
c. linking verb
d. verb complement (w/ linking verb)
e. subject
f. direct object
g. Accusative of Motion
h. Complementary infinitive
Page 20
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
i. impersonal verb
j.
adjective/noun agreement
5. VERBS. Fill in the following charts
Translation of
Endings
1st Latin
Endings
Verb
-re
“
“
purgāre
-ō
“I”
-t
“
“
-nt
“
“
3rd Latin
Verb
Translation of
3rd Latin Verb
4th Latin
Verb
excipere
Translation of
1st Latin Verb
2nd Latin
Verb
Translation of
2nd Latin Verb
videō
Translation of
4th Latin Verb
5th Latin
Verb
Translation of
5th Latin Verb
venit
surgunt
excipiunt
5. What are your noun Endings per Declension? Fill in Chart:
Case/Number
1st Declension
2nd Declension
3rd Declension
Nominative Sing.
various
Accusative Sing.
Nominative Plural
Accusative Plural
6. Decline the following nouns: (1) lana, (2) lupus, (2a) vir, (3) urbs, (3a) fragor:
Case/Number
(1)
(2)
(2a)
(3)
(3a)
Nom. Sing.
Acc. Sing.
Nom. Plu.
Acc. Plural
Gender
6. Translate the following sentences. Trust your Endings! What are your
translating steps?
a. Nuntius puellam conspicit.
Latin 1 – What Fun!
Dr. McGaius
Page 21
Nōmen
Ecce Rōmānī, Chapters 1-7
N.B.: These ancillary study guides should be prepared & studied along with your own lesson outlines, classnotes & vocab cards.
b. Nuntium puella conspicit.
c. Nuntiī puellam conspiciunt.
d. Nuntiōs puellae conspiciunt.
e. Lupī irātī ad magnam urbem appropinquant.
7. Decline the following nouns: (1) aqua, (2) puer, (2a) hortus, (3) arbor,
(3a) pater with the adjective vicinus, vicina, vicinum.
Case/Number
(1)
(2)
(2a)
(3)
(3a)
Nom. Sing. aqua vicina
“neighboring
water”
Acc. Sing.
Nom. Plu.
Acc. Plural
More Practice Translation:
f. Principem temerārium multī senātōrēs timent.
g. Timent principem sollicitum multī senātōrēs.
h. Timent principem sollicitum vexāre multī senātōrēs.
i. Multōs senātōrēs terret princeps, quī est infirmus.
j.
Ecce! In picturā sunt multae arborēs.