Download ASBA Yearlongplan Science 7

Year Long Plan
Grade: 7th
Subject: Science
School Year: 2010-2011
Teacher: Ms. Luna
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Unit 1: Earth’s Materials (22 days)
Unit 2 (cont): Earth’s Atmosphere and Beyond (38 days)
Chapter 1: The Nature of Science
Content:
 Science can be used to learn about ancient cultures.
 Solving any problem scientifically involves several steps.
Skills:
 Explain the science of archaeology.
 Compare and contrast science and technology.
 Explain the steps taken in scientific methods.
 Compare and contrast scientific variables and constants.
Chapter 7: Earth in Space
Content:
 Earth’s tilt and revolution around the sun cause seasons to occur.
 Many visual characteristics of the Moon result from its surface conditions and its
motion relative to Earth and the Sun.
 Our solar system is composed of the Sun, planets, and other objects in orbit around
the Sun.
Skills:
 Identify Earth’s shape and other physical properties.
 Compare and contrast Earth’s rotation and revolution.
 Explain the causes of Earth’s seasons.
 Identify the Moon’s surface features and interior.
 Explain the Moon’s phases.
 Explain the causes of solar and lunar eclipses.
 Identify the origin of the Moon.
 List the important characteristics of inner planets.
 Identify how other inner planets compare and contrast with Earth.
 List the important characteristics of outer planets.
Chapter 2: Minerals
Content:
 Minerals are formed by natural processes, are inorganic, have definite chemical
compositions, and are crystalline solids.
 Each mineral is identified by its physical properties.
 Minerals are important because some are rare, have special properties, or contain
materials that have many uses.
Skills:
 Describe characteristics that all minerals share.
 Explain how minerals form.
 Describe physical properties used to identify minerals.
 Identify minerals using physical properties such as hardness and streak.
 Describe characteristics of gems that make them more valuable than other minerals.
 Identify useful elements that are contained in minerals.
Chapter 3: Rocks
Content:
 Rocks are solid mixtures of minerals or other natural materials that change slowly
through time.
 Igneous rocks are formed from molten or liquid rock material called magma.
 Metamorphic rocks form when solid rocks are squeezed, heated, or exposed to
fluids, changing them into new rocks.
 Sedimentary rocks form when sediment is compacted and cemented together, or
when minerals form from solutions.
Skills:
 Distinguish between a rock and a mineral.
 Describe the rock cycle and some changes that a rock could undergo.
 Recognize magma and lava as the materials that cool to form igneous rocks.
 Contrast the formation of intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks.
 Contrast granitic and basaltic igneous rocks.
 Describe the conditions in Earth that cause metamorphic rocks to form.
 Classify metamorphic rocks as foliated or nonfoliated.
 Explain how sedimentary rocks form from sediments.
 Classify sedimentary rocks as detrital, chemical, or organic in origin.
 Summarize the rock cycle.
Unit 2: Earth’s Atmosphere and Beyond (38 days)
Chapter 4: Atmosphere
Content:
 Earth’s atmosphere is a thin layer of air that forms a protective covering around the
planet.
 Earth’s atmosphere helps control how much of the Sun’s radiation is absorbed or
lost to space.
 Uneven heating of Earth’s surface leads to a change in pressure that causes air to
move.
Skills:
 Identify the gases in Earth’s atmosphere.
 Describe the structure of Earth’s atmosphere.
 Explain what causes air pressure.
 Describe what happens to the energy Earth receives from the Sun.
 Compare and contrast radiation, conduction, and convection.
 Explain the water cycle and its effect on weather patterns and climate.
 Explain why different latitudes on Earth receive different amounts of solar energy.
 Describe the Coriolis effect.
 Explain how land and water surfaces affect the overlying air.
Unit 3: The Basis of Life (45 days)
Chapter 8: Life’s Structure and Classification
Content:
 Certain traits found in all living things define what it means to be alife.
 Classification systems show relationships among living things.
 Different cell types can have different structures, but some cell structures are
common to all cells.
 Even though viruses can affect all living things, they are not alive.
Skills:
 Distinguish between living and nonliving things.
 Identify what living things need to survive.
 Describe how early scientists classified living things.
 Explain the system of binomial nomenclature.
 Demonstrate how to use a dichotomous key.
 Describe the development of the cell theory.
 Identify names and functions of each part of a cell.
 Explain how important a nucleus is in a cell.
 Compare tissues, organs, and organ systems.
 Explain how a virus makes copies of itself.
 Identify the benefits of vaccines.
 Investigate some uses of viruses.
Chapter 9: Cell Processes
Content:
 All organisms require certain elements that combine and form countless substances
needed for life.
 A cell can survive only if substances can move within the cell and pass through its
cell membrane.
 All cells require and use energy.
Skills:
 List the differences among atoms, elements, molecules, and compounds.
 Explain the relationship between chemistry and life science.
 Discuss how organic compounds are different from inorganic compounds.
 Describe the function of a selectively permeable membrane.
 Explain how the processes of diffusion and osmosis move molecules in living cells.
 Explain how passive transport and active transport differ.
 List the differences between producers and consumers.
 Explain how the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration store and
release energy.
 Describe how cells get energy from glucose through fermentation.
Chapter 10: Cell Reproduction
Content:
 Different organisms can grow, repair damaged cells, and reproduce because of cell
division and mitosis.
 Sexual reproduction and meiosis ensure the preservation of species and diversity of
Year Long Plan
Grade: 7th
Subject: Science
School Year: 2010-2011
Chapter 5: Weather
Content:
 Weather describes conditions such as air pressure, wind, temperature, and the
amount of moisture in the air.
 Because of the movement of air and moisture in the atmosphere, weather constantly
changes.
 Meteorologists gather information about current weather to make predictions about
future weather patterns.
Skills:
 Explain how solar heating and water vapor in the atmosphere affect weather.
 Discuss how clouds form and how they are classified.
 Describe how rain, hail, sleet, and snow develop.
 Describe how weather is associated with fronts and high- and low-pressure areas.
 Explain how tornadoes develop from thunderstorms.
 Discuss the dangers of severe weather.
 Explain how data are collected for weather maps and forecasts.
 Identify the symbols used in a weather station model.
Chapter 6: Climate
Content:
 Some factors that affect the climate of a region include latitude, landforms, location
of lakes and oceans, and ocean currents.
 World climates can be classified by using averages of temperature and precipitation
and the vegetation that is adapted to an area.
 The causes of climatic change can operate over short periods of time or very long
periods of time.
Skills:
 Describe what determines climate.
 Explain how latitude, oceans, and other factors affect the climate of a region.
 Describe a climate classification system.
 Explain how organisms adapt to particular climates.
 Explain what causes seasons.
 Describe how El Nino affects climate.
 Explore possible causes of climatic change.
Teacher: Ms. Luna
life.
 DNA contains the instructions for all life.
Skills:
 Explain why mitosis is important.
 Examine the steps of mitosis.
 Compare mitosis in plants and animal cells.
 List two examples of asexual reproduction.
 Describe the stages of meiosis and how sex cells are produced.
 Explain why meiosis is needed for sexual reproduction.
 Name the cells that are involved in fertilization.
 Explain how fertilization occurs in sexual reproduction.
 Identify the parts of a DNA molecule and its structure.
 Explain how DNA copies itself.
 Describe the structure and function of each kind of RNA.
Chapter 11: Heredity
Content:
 Using scientific methods, Gregor Mendel discovered the basic principles of
genetics.
 It is now known that interactions among alleles, genes, and the environment
determine an organism’s traits.
 Through genetic engineering, scientists can change the DNA of organisms to
improve them, increase resistance to insects and diseases, or produce medicines.
Skills:
 Explain how traits are inherited.
 Identify Mendel’s role in the history of genetics.
 Use a Punnett square to predict the results of crosses.
 Compare and contrast the difference between an individual’s genotype and
phenotype.
 Explain how traits are inherited by incomplete dominance.
 Compare multiple alleles and polygenic inheritance, and give examples of each.
 Describe two human genetic disorders and how they are inherited.
 Explain how sex-linked traits are passed to offspring.
 Evaluate the importance of advances in genetics.
 Sequence the steps in making genetically engineered organisms.
Chapter 12: Adaptation Over Time
Content:
 Charles Darwin and other scientists observed that species change over time by
different methods.
 Scientists find clues about evolution by studying fossils, development of embryos,
structures of organisms, and DNA.
 Evidence indicates that the ancient ancestor of present-day humans appeared on
Earth 4-6 million years ago.
Skills:
 Describe Lamarck’s hypothesis of acquired characteristics and Darwin’s theory of
natural selection.
 Identify why variations in organisms are important.
 Compare and contrast gradualism and punctuated equilibrium.
 Identify the importance of fossils as evidence of evolution.
 Explain how relative and radiometric dating are used to estimate the age of fossils.
 List examples of five types of evidence for evolution.
 Describe the differences among living primates.
 Identify the adaptations of primates.
 Discuss the evolutionary history of modern primates.
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter
Unit 4: Human Body Systems (37 days)
Unit 5 (cont): The Interdependence of Life (28 days)
Chapter 13: Circulation and Immunity
Content:
 Blood is a liquid tissue that transports needed substances to cells and carries away
wastes.
 The circulatory system is the body’s delivery system.
 The immune system protects the body from diseases.
 Diseases result when pathogens invade the body or the body’s homeostasis is
disrupted.
Skills:
Chapter 19: Conserving Resources
Content:
 Earth has natural resources that can be replenished as well as natural resources that
cannot be replenished.
 Air, water, and soils pollution have many causes, including hazardous waste and the
burning of fossil fuels.
 Natural resources can be conserved by following the three R’s of conservation:
reduce, reuse, and recycle.
Skills:
Year Long Plan
Grade: 7th
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Subject: Science
School Year: 2010-2011
Identify the parts and functions of blood.
Explain why blood types are checked before a transfusion.
Give examples of diseases of blood.
Compare and contrast arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Explain how blood moves through the heart.
Identify the functions of the pulmonary and systemic circulation systems.
Describe functions of the lymphatic system.
Explain the difference between an antigen and an antibody.
Compare and contrast active and passive immunity.
Describe the work of Pasteur, Koch, and Lister in the discovery and prevention of
disease.
Identify diseases caused by viruses and bacteria.
Explain how HIV affects the immune system.
Define noninfectious diseases and list their causes.
Explain what happens during an allergic reaction.
Chapter 14: Digestion, Respiration, and Excretion
Content:
 The digestive organs process and absorb nutrients.
 A balanced diet provides nutrients and energy for a healthy lifestyle.
 Organs of the respiratory system supply your body with oxygen and remove carbon
dioxide and other gaseous wastes.
 The excretory system removes your body’s liquid, gaseous, and solid wastes.
Skills:
 Distinguish the differences between mechanical digestion and chemical digestion.
 Identify the organs of the digestive system and what takes place in each.
 Explain how homeostasis is maintained in digestion.
 Distinguish among the six classes of nutrients.
 Identify the importance of each type of nutrient.
 Explain the relationship between diet and health.
 Describe the functions of the respiratory systems.
 Explain how oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs and in tissues.
 Identify the pathway of air in and out of the lungs.
 Explain the effects of smoking on the respiratory system.
 Distinguish between the excretory and urinary systems.
 Describe how the kidneys work.
 Explain what happens when urinary organs don’t work.
Chapter 15: Support, Movement, and Responses
Content:
 The skin protects you, senses stimuli, forms vitamin D, helps regulate body
temperature, and excretes wastes.
 Muscles provide motion for internal organs, perform many tasks, and enable us to
move from place to place.
 Bones support our bodies, protect internal organs, and store minerals.
 The nervous system senses and responds to internal and external stimuli.
Skills:
 Distinguish between the epidermis and dermis of the skin.
 Identify the functions of the skin.
 Explain how skin protexts the body from disease and how it heals itself.
 Identify the major function of the muscular system.
 Compare and contrast the three types of muscles.
 Explain how muscle action results in the movement of body parts.
 Identify five functions of the skeletal system.
 Compare and contrast movable and immovable joints.
 Describe the basic structure of a neuron and how an impulse moves across a
synapse.
 Compare and contrast the central and peripheral nervous systems.
 List the sensory receptors in each sense organ.
 Explain what type of stimulus each sense organ responds to and how.
 Explain how drugs affect the body.
Chapter 16: Regulation and Reproduction
Content:
 Hormones from endocrine glands affect many body functions including
reproduction.
 Males and females have different reproductive structures and functions.
 Before birth and until death, a human changes continually.
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Teacher: Ms. Luna
Compare renewable and nonrenewable resources.
List uses of fossil fuels.
Identify alternatives to fossil fuel use.
Describe types of air pollution.
Identify causes of water pollution.
Explain methods that can be used to prevent erosion.
Recognize ways you can reduce your use of natural resources.
Explain how you can reuse resources to promote conservation.
Describe how many materials can be recycled.
Unit 6: Matter and Energy (49 days)
Chapter 20: Properties and Changes of Matter
Content:
 All matter has physical and chemical properties.
 Matter undergoes physical and chemical changes.
Skills:
 Identify physical and chemical properties of matter.
 Classify objects based on physical properties.
 Compare several physical and chemical changes.
 Identify examples of physical and chemical changes.
Chapter 21: Substances, Mixtures, and Solubility
Content:
 Solutions are homogeneous mixtures that can be solids, liquids, or gases
 Solubility refers to the amount of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a given
temperature and pressure.
 When dissolved in water, acids produce hydronium (H3O+) ions and bases produce
hydroxide (OH-) ions.
Skills:
 Distinguish between substance and mixtures.
 Describe two different types of mixtures.
 Explain how solutions form.
 Describe different types of solutions.
 Explain why water is a good general solvent.
 Describe how the structure of a compound affects which solvent id dissolves in.
 Identify factors that affect how much of a substance will dissolve in a solvent.
 Describe how temperature affects reaction rate.
 Explain how solute particles affect physical properties of water.
 Compare acids and bases and their properties.
 Describe practical uses of acids and bases.
 Explain how pH is used to describe the strength of an acid or base.
 Describe how acids and bases react when they are brought together.
Chapter 22: States of Matter
Content:
 The state of matter depends on the motion of the particles and on the attractions
between them.
 When matter changes state, its thermal energy changes.
 The particles in a fluid, liquid, or gas, exert a force on everything they touch.
Skills:
 Recognize that matter is made of particles in constant motion.
 Relate the three states of matter to the arrangement of particles within them.
 Define and compare thermal energy and temperature.
 Relate changes in thermal energy to changes of state.
 Explore energy and temperature changes on a graph.
 Explain why some things float but others sink.
 Describe how pressure is transmitted through fluids.
Chapter 23: Newton’s Laws of Motion
Content:
 The motion of an object can be described by its speed, velocity, and acceleration.
 Unbalanced forces cause the motion of an object to change.
 The acceleration of an objevt equals the total force on the object divided by the
mass.
Year Long Plan
Grade: 7th
Subject: Science
School Year: 2010-2011
Skills:
 Define how hormones function.
 Identify different endocrine glands and the effects of the hormones they produce.
 Describe how a feedback system works in your body.
 Identify the function of the reproductive system.
 Compare and contrast the major structures of the male and female reproductive
systems.
 Sequence the stages of the menstrual cycle.
 Describe the fertilization of a human egg.
 List the major events in the development of an embryo and fetus.
 Describe the developmental stages of infancy, childhood, adolescence, and
adulthood.
Unit 5: The Interdependence of Life (28 days)
Chapter 17: Plants
Content:
 Plants have adaptations that enable them to survive in the many environments on
Earth.
 Seedless plants are adapted for living in moist environments.
 Seed plants have adaptations that enable them to live in diverse environments.
Skills:
 identify characteristics common to all plants.
 Explain which plant adaptations make it possible for plants to survive on land.
 Compare and contrast vascular and nonvascular plants.
 Distinguish between characteristics of seedless nonvascular plants and seedless
vascular plants.
 Identify the importance of some nonvascular and vascular plants.
 Identify the characteristics of seed plants.
 Explain the structures and functions of roots, stems, and leaves.
 Describe the main characteristics and importance of gymnosperms and
angiosperms.
 Compare similarities and differences between monocots and dicots.
Chapter 18: Interactions of Living Things
Content:
 Organisms depend on the living and nonliving parts of their environment for
survival.
 Organisms in an environment interact with one another in different ways.
 All living organisms use energy.
Skills:
 Identify biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem.
 Describe the different levels of biological organization.
 Explain how ecology and the environment are related.
 Identify the characteristics that describe populations.
 Examine the different types of relationships that occur among populations in a
community.
 Determine the habitat and niche of a species in a community.
 Explain the difference between a food chain and a food web.
 Describe how energy flows through ecosystems.
 Examine how materials such as water, carbon, and nitrogen are used repeatedly.
Teacher: Ms. Luna
 Two objects exert forces on each other that are equal in size but in opposite
directions.
Skills:
 Contrast distance and displacement.
 Define speed, velocity, and acceleration.
 Calculate speed velocity, and acceleration.
 Define force.
 Describe Newton’s first law of motion.
 Contrast balanced and unbalanced forces.
 Predict changes in motion using Newton
 S second law.
 Describe the gravitational force between objects.
 Contrast different types of friction.
 Interpret motion using Newton’s third law.
 Analyze motion using all three laws.
Chapter 24: Energy and Energy Resources
Content:
 Energy can have different forms.
 Energy can change form, but can never be created or destroyed.
 Energy contained in different energy sources is transformed into useful forms of
energy.
Skills:
 Explain what energy is.
 Distinguish between kinetic energy and potential energy.
 Identify the various forms of energy.
 Apply the law of conservation of energy to energy transformation.
 Identify how energy changes form.
 Describe how electric power plants produce energy.
 Explain what renewable, nonrenewable, and alternative resources are.
 Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using various energy sources.