Download The Transport System Study Guide

Topic H5: The transport system
Instruction: Read pages 618 to 626 in your IB Textbook. Then define the following vocabulary words
and address the learning objectives below
Know the following Vocabulary Words
Cardiac Cycle
Ventricular systole
Ventricular diastole
Heartbeat
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Conducint fibres
Ventricular walls
Atherosclerosis
Coronary thrombosis
Coronary heart disease
Risk factors
Obesity
Saturated fat
cholesterol
Address the Learning Objectives below
H.5.1 Explain the events of the cardiac cycle, including atrial and ventricular systole and diastole, and
heart sounds.
H.5.2 Analyse data showing pressure and volume changes in the left atrium, left ventricle and the
aorta, during the cardiac cycle.
H.5.3 Outline the mechanisms that control the heartbeat, including the roles of the SA (sinoatrial) node,
AV (atrioventricular) node and conducting fibres in the ventricular walls.
H.5.4 Outline atherosclerosis and the causes of coronary thrombosis.
H.5.5 Discuss factors that affect the incidence of coronary heart disease.
o Risk factors include having parents who have experienced heart attacks (genetic), age,
being male, smoking, obesity, eating too much saturated fat and cholesterol, and lack of
exercise.
Helpful Websites for Learning Objectives:
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Analyze data showing pressure and volume changes in the left atrium, left ventricle and the
aorta, during the cardiac cycle. (A good link is:
http://library.med.utah.edu/kw/pharm/hyper_heart1.html)
An electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) is a measure of the electrical currents from the heart,
measured on the surface of the body.
Watch the video at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nK0_28q6WoM&feature=related
An analysis of your risk of cardiovascular disease To assess your risk,
complete the questionnaire provided by Washington University in Saint Luis at:
http://www.yourdiseaserisk.siteman.wustl.edu/hccpquiz.pl?lang=english&func=start&quiz=h
eart
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1. Label this diagram of the heart showing the four chambers ( right ventricle, left ventricle, left
atrium, right atrium) associated blood vessels (Anterior vena cava, posterior vena cava,
pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, aorta) and valves ( semilunar veins, atrioventricular valve)
2. Identify which of the four heart chambers has the thickest chamber and explain why it has to be
so thick with respect to its function.
In the diagram below label the coronary arteries and the aorta. And describe the function of both
structures
In the diagram below label the following structures and describe the functions of each:
 Atrium
 Ventricles
 Pacemaker (SA node)
 AV node
 Conducting bundles
 septum
In the below diagram identify the following types of blood cells and describe their functions:
 Lymphocytes
 Phagocytes
 Leukocytes
 Platelets
 Erythrocytes
3. Describe the function of the following parts of the heart
o coronary arteries:
o atria
o ventricles
o arteries
o atrıo-ventrıcular
o semılunar valves
4. Beginning with the right ventricle pumping blood to the lungs outline the sequence of blood flows
through the body in a complete cardiac cycle. Be sure to describe how the direction blood is
pumping, where blood is collected and which valves open and close.
5. Outline the control of the heartbeat.
o Be sure to describe what is meant by myogenıc muscle contraction,
o describe the role of the pacemaker,
o nerves,
o the medulla of the brain
o and ephınephrıne (adrenaline)
6. Explain the function of the following blood vessels;
o arteries,
o capillaries,
o
veins.
7. Identify four components of blood.
8. Describe the main function of blood
9. Identify four things that blood transports.