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November 29, 2011 Euphrates River Persian Gulf Mediterranean Sea Red Sea Zagros Mountains Arabian Desert Syrian Desert Taurus Mountains Tigris River November 29, 2011 Mesopotamia The land between the rivers (Tigris and Euphrates Rivers) Also known as the Fertile Crescent -Many civilizations formed in this area . . . The Sumerians were the first to settle here City-state - independent city with its' own government November 29, 2011 The Fertile Crescent This area stretched from the Eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf A large part of this area is present day Iraq and Syria. November 29, 2011 November 29, 2011 Major City-States of Mesopotamia SUMER - known as the Sumerians * Had the first civilization in Mesopotamia * Invented the wheel and axle and plow * Developed the first known system of writing called cuneiform * Scribes were professional writers who wrote in cuneiform They were very RELIGIOUS . . . believed in many gods - Polytheism * Built huge temples called ziggurats to honor their gods (7) total November 29, 2011 November 29, 2011 Who were the Babylonians? November 29, 2011 Babylon * People were known as the Babylonians * Became an empire and conquered surrounding areas including Sumer * Became very rich through trade and transportation November 29, 2011 Hammurabi had 282 laws that brought order to his civilization! November 29, 2011 Assyria - Warlike Assyrians * People were known as Assyrians * Vicious and skillful warriors * Developed many weapons including the battering ram, chariot and sling. * They were the largest empire! *Library at Nineveh. November 29, 2011 November 29, 2011 The New Babylonians - Medes and Chaldeans combined to defeat the Assyrians Center of Learning and Science Led by King Nebuchadnezzar II Built the "Hanging Gardens of Babylon" for his wife Declared "I am King of Babylon" on his purple tiles surrounding his city. November 29, 2011 November 29, 2011 Who does this represent? November 29, 2011 Who does this represent? November 29, 2011 Who does this represent? November 29, 2011
