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Transcript
Chapter 6 Objectives: Geography 12 Key Worksheet 6.1 The Lithosphere In Motion: Plate Tectonics Read pages 86 – 88 of Planet Earth: A Physical Geography. Answer the following questions: Vocabulary (1 mark each) /14 Plate: a rigid slab of solid lithosphere rock that has defined boundaries and floats on the denser rocks of the asthenosphere Asthenosphere: the plastic (part solid, part liquid) layer of the upper mantle directly below the lithosphere that can flow slowly when put under constant pressure. Tectonics: the processes that deform the earth’s lithosphere and the rock structures and surface features created by these processes. Lithosphere: the solid outer layer of the earth where the rocks are less dense and more rigid than those of the asthenosphere below; includes the top part of the mantle and all of the crust. Appreciate the power and scope of tectonic processes and their effects Appreciate the slowness of tectonic processes based on a human time scale Understand that the lithosphere is an everchanging part of a dynamic planet Understand the general pattern of tectonic activity over geologic time and explain the location pattern of tectonic activity over the earth’s surface Explain the tectonic processes that shape the earth’s surface, including folding, faulting, and volcanic activity Describe and explain the pattern of major surface features created by tectonic processes Predict the nature and general patterns of occurrence of tectonic activities and processes, especially earthquakes and volcanic eruptions Describe the positive and negative aspects of tectonic activities Short Answer (2 marks each) 1. Explain what a plate is. A rigid slab of solid lithosphere rock that has clearly defined boundaries. It is big…often as big as continents. 2. Where is the asthenosphere and why do scientists consider it plastic? It is the layer of the upper mantle directly below the lithosphere. It is considered plastic because it is part solid, part liquid ad can flow under pressure. 3. What sets the plates in motion? Describe the process. Convention currents (heat rising) in the asthenosphere expand and migrate to the surface while cooler material flows to fill the void. 4. Draw, scan, or retrieve a picture from the internet that shows convection currents in the asthenosphere and how they may move solid lithospheric rock. 5. Explain why the plastic nature of the asthenosphere and the presence of convection currents are key elements in the theory of plate tectonics.