Download Expansion through Napoleon Review

ABSOLUTISM:
1)
Identify Cardinal Richelieu as the real power in France under Louis XIII.
2)
Recognize efforts made by Richelieu to reduce the power of nobles, such as his requirement that cities
knock down city walls.
3)
Identify Cardinal Mazarin as Richelieu’s successor.
4)
Recognize the Louis XIV took power once Mazarin died.
5)
Understand the concept of Divine Right of Kings and identify Bishop Bosseut as a major proponent of this
theory.
6)
Recognize Jean-Baptiste Colbert as the major financial minister of France. Understand that through his
mercantilist policies (Canada, Caribbean, and Louisiana) he was able to keep France financially stable.
7)
Recognize that Louis’ wars caused great chaos for Europe.
8)
Identify the purpose of the War of Spanish Succession.
9)
Recognize that Louis XIV repealed the Edict of Nantes in an effort to further unify France under his rule.
10)
Identify the term “sun king” as relating to Louis XIV.
11)
Identify Versailles as an example of the art and architecture that became dominant during the age of Louis
XIV.
12)
Realize that when Louis XIV died, his heir was his great grandson, Louis XV.
13)
Identify Peter the Great as an absolute monarch.
14)
Give examples of how Peter tried to “westernize” Russia.
15)
Recognize that one way that Peter tried to gain firm control of Russia was through taking control of the
Orthodox Church.
16)
Identify Charles I of Spain as Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor.
17)
Identify Phillip II as Charles son who married Bloody Mary of England (both were Catholic) and who was
defeated by Elizabeth (Spanish Armanda).
18)
Recognize that under the leadership of Phillip II, Spain entered a Renaissance that was dominated by
Cervantes and El Greco.
19)
Understand that Philip II’s fervent Catholicism resulted in his strict policies that resulted in rebellion in the
Spanish Netherlands.
20)
Recognize Philip II and Philip III as being the monarchs during the major economic boom that Spain
received from her American colonies.
21)
Understand that ultimately Spain’s endless supply of silver led to massive inflation and ultimately a total
collapse of the Spanish economy.
22)
Identify Philip IV as the monarch who supported the Catholics during the 30 Years War. Also realize that
Philip IV did not have a son, only a nephew – and he was the grandson of France’s Louis XIV. This leads
to the War of Spanish Succession.
23)
Recognize why the countries of Europe opposed Louis XIV’s grandson from becoming the King of Spain.
They feared that Louis would really just rule two countries.
24)
Understand the concept of balance of power as it related to the Habsburgs and the Bourbons.
CONSTITUTIONALISM:
25)
Define constitutionalism.
26)
Understand how England was dominated by constitutionalism while the rest of Europe was not.
27)
Recognize that the need to raise taxes always required Parliament to be called.
28)
Recognize that Henry VIII and Elizabeth I rarely called Parliament.
29)
Understand that James I of England was an absolute monarch in Scotland but he had to make
concessions to Parliament. He had a hard time doing this and often had conflicts with Parliament over
religion.
30)
Identify Charles I as being the King during the English Civil War.
31)
Identify Oliver Cromwell in being the Lord Protector of England after the execution of Charles I.
32)
Identify Charles II as the son Charles I who went to exile and lived with his cousin Louis XIV in France
during the reign of Oliver Cromwell. Also realize that Charles II takes the throne of England after Cromwell
dies.
33)
Recognize that Charles II had a brother James II who became king when Charles II dies.
34)
Identify James II’s first child as the Protestant Mary. Realize that Mary was married to William of Orange.
35)
Understand that when James marries a Catholic and has a son with her that Parliament and most of
England wanted him replaced. The thought of having a Catholic King was too much for the English who
still remembered Bloody Mary.
36)
Realize that James II went into exiled and his daughter and her husband became the monarchs of
England. The Glorious Revolution is when William and Mary took the throne.
37)
Recognize the English Bill of Rights as having been signed by William and Mary.
French Revolution & Napoleon
FRENCH REVOLUTION:
38)
Identify the financial condition of France as being the major cause of the French Revolution.
39)
Understand that France’s financial condition was a result of such issues as the wars of Louis XIV, the
building of Versailles, fighting England during the French and Indian War (7 Years War in Europe), and the
American Revolution.
40)
Recognize the irony of the King of France supporting a revolution that used French philosophe ideas (they
were imprisoned or exiled) as a rallying cry for independence. Also understand that many of the French
soldiers who were sent to the Americas to fight would help overthrow the French monarchy.
41)
Be able to list the three estates and describe the voting process and taxing process that ultimately led to
the Third Estate walking out of the Estates General.
42)
Define taille.
43)
Identify Abbe Sieyes as the writer of the poem about the Third Estate (what is the Third Estate?
Everything!)
44)
Understand the events that led to the Tennis Court Oath.
45)
Recognize that the first phase of the revolution was basically bloodless.
46)
Identify the Storming of the Bastille as primarily a symbolic act.
47)
Identify the Declaration of the Rights of Man as being part Declaration of Independence and part Bill of
Rights. Understand that it is the foundation of most of the western world’s governmental concepts.
48)
Define san-culottes and understand why the working man would be called this.
49)
Identify the leaders of the extreme parts of the Revolution: Danton, Robespierre, and Marat
50)
Recognize that the Paris Commune basically ran Paris during the upheaval caused by the Revolution.
Also recognize that the Commune was far more radical than most members of the Assembly.
51)
Understand the reasons for European countries forming alliances to fight France. Realize the fear that
monarchs had in Europe over a people overthrowing their king.
52)
Understand that the French Revolution brought about many of our modern political terminology, such as
“right” and “left.”
NAPOLEON:
53)
Understand that Napoleon was a brilliant military strategists who brought France many victories before
being defeated in Egypt.
54)
Understand that Napoleon’s first system of government, the Consulate, called for him to rule with two
others, but he soon became Consul for Life and ultimately Emperor.
55)
Recognize that the Napoleonic Code was very successful and still forms the foundation of the French legal
system today.
56)
Understand that Napoleon’s efforts to expand his empire once again caused Europe to form coalitions to
fight him. Most coalitions would include Austria, Russia, Prussia, and England.
57)
Recognize that Napoleon was able to control most of Europe, including Spain and Italy. Realize that he
put his own brothers on European thrones (Spain and the Netherlands) and that he ended the Holy
Roman Empire (Confederation of the Rhine).
58)
Napoleon’s developed the Continental System in an effort to boycott England to the extent that it would be
starved into surrender to Napoleon.
59)
Identify the invasion of Russia as one of Napoleon’s greatest mistakes. Understand that he invaded
Russia because Russia was trading with England in violation of the Continental System.
60)
Napoleon’s defeat in Russia cost him over ½ million men and would lead to his overall defeat.
61)
Identify 1814 as the year that Napoleon was sent to Elba to live out his life in exile.
62)
Realize that in 1815 just as the countries of Europe were meeting at the Congress of Vienna, Napoleon
escaped and began the 100 Days. He would ultimately be defeated at Waterloo by the Duke of
Wellington.
TEN things I need do not know
Paths to Constitutionalism vs. Absolutism
FRANCE
Social
Political
Economic
Religious
ENGLAND