Download Mazzini, Garibaldi, and Cavour GH2/Napp Do Now: “Since the

Mazzini, Garibaldi, and Cavour
GH2/Napp
Do Now:
“Since the Middle Ages, Italy had been a collection of provinces, small kingdoms,
and city-states rather than one nation. From the early to the mid-1800s, much of
Italy was ruled by Austria. The pope controlled the portion of central Italy in which
Rome is located.
In the 1830s, the voice of a young nationalist leader began to be heard. Giuseppe
Mazzini founded Young Italy. It was a secret society that called for the unification
of Italy under a representative government. Mazzini stirred up revolts in several
cities. They were quickly put down by the authorities. Mazzini fled to France. He
continued to promote unification efforts with his writings from Switzerland and
England. Mazzini has been called the ‘soul’ of Italian unification.”
Identify three significant facts from the passage.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Notes:
I. A Collection of Kingdoms
A. Since Middle Ages, Italy was a collection of kingdoms and city-states
B. From the early to mid-1800s, much of Italy was ruled by Austria
C. The Pope controlled central Italy
II. Giuseppe Mazzini
A. Founded Young Italy
1- Secret society for the unification of Italy
B. Stirred up revolts but quickly put down
1- Fled but continued to write
2- “Soul” of Italian unification
III. Giuseppe Garibaldi
A. Worked with Mazzini and exiled
B. “Sword” of Italian unification
1- Organized an army for unification
2- Called Red Shirts
IV. Count Cavour
A. Made prime minister by King Victor Emmanuel of Sardinia and
Piedmont
B. Provoked a war with Austria
C. Garibaldi’s armies moved south to north
D. By 1871, unification had been achieved
1- Pope’s territory reduced to Vatican
Questions:
1- Define nationalism.
2- Describe the Italian peninsula in the Middle Ages.
3- State three significant facts about Giuseppe Mazzini.
4- State three significant facts about Giuseppe Garibaldi.
5- Who were the Red Shirts
6- State three significant facts about Count Cavour.
7- Critical Thinking Question:
How was the unification of Italy similar to the unification of Germany?
8- Critical Thinking Question:
How was the unification of Italy different than the unification of Germany?
9- Critical Thinking Question:
Why was the Pope’s territory independent of the country of Italy?
10- Critical Thinking Question:
Why did the Italian people want unification?
Excerpt adapted from ohio.edu
“Victor Emmanuel II was the
first king of a united Italy and
the last king of PiedmontSardinia.”
“Give me the ready hand
rather than the ready tongue.”
~Giuseppe Garibaldi
“I offer neither pay, nor
quarters, nor food; I offer only
hunger, thirst, forced marches,
battles and death. Let him who
loves his country with his heart,
and not merely with his lips,
follow me.”
~Giuseppe Garibaldi
Complete the following graphic organizer from phschool.com
Mazzini:
Garibaldi:
Italian
Unification
Victor Emmanuel II:
Cavour
Look at the images below:
Explain the meaning of the cartoons in the space below:
Multiple-Choice Questions:
1. The unification of Italy and the
unification of Germany show that
(1) socialism was an effective way of
organizing the economy
(2) nationalism could be used to
consolidate political interests
(3) colonialism could be used to spread
European civilization
(4) interdependence was a significant
obstacle to waging war
2. The unification of Germany
under Otto von Bismarck
demonstrates the
(1) influence of Marxist ideology
(2) impact of nationalism
(3) force of civil disobedience
(4) power of democratic ideals
3. Which 19th century ideology led to the
unification of Germany and of Italy and
to the eventual breakup of AustriaHungary and of the Ottoman Empire?
(1) imperialism (3) liberalism
(2) nationalism (4) socialism
4. One reason Italy and Germany
were not major colonial powers in
the 16th and 17th centuries was
that they
(1) had self-sufficient economies
(2) lacked political unity
(3) rejected the practice of imperialism
(4) belonged to opposing alliances