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Download Hematology Power-point (April 7, 2015) Functions of the Blood
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Hematology Power-point (April 7, 2015) Functions of the Blood Transports _______________________________________________________ Aids in distribution __________________________ Regulates _________________________________ Helps ________________________________________________________ Composition Plasma – _______________________________________________________ Serum Plasma ________________________________________________________ Components Cellular ________________________________________________________ Plasma Straw _________________________________________ W_____________ Bl___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ El____________________ Hormones, ___________________________________ M__________________________________________ Straw colored and contains Water Blood proteins Nutrients Electrolytes Hormones, vitamins, enzymes Metabolic waste products Fibrinogen____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Albumin______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Prothrombin _____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Erythrocytes Shape ___________________________________________________Hemoglobin- gives red color, _________ is iron and __________ is protein, Function – ___________________________________________________________ Normal – men ____________________ Women – _____________ gm Functions of Hemoglobin Red cells travel ___________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Arterial blood – __________________________________________________________ Venous blood – __________________________________________________________ Carbon Monoxide Poisoning CO is a __________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ CO interferes ____________________________________________________________ O2 is ___________________________________________________________________ Erythropoiesis _______________________________________ Occurs in bone marrow. Red cells _____________________________ Old cells ____________________________ Hemolysis White Blood Cells Larger than ______________________________ G______________________________________ 5 _________________ Normal leukocyte count = 3,200 – 9,800 _________________- when WBC have the ability to squeeze through the intercellular spaces of capillary walls to fight infection in neighboring tissues. Neutrophils Granuloccyte___________________________________ _____________________________________________ Eosinophils _____________________________________ Formed in the _________________________ Increase in numbers __________________________________________________ Basophils Produce__________________________________________________ Granulocyte Count ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Lymphocytes ________________________________absence of cytoplasmic granules formed in lymph glands, nodes and bone marrow. B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocyte Protect against cancer cells. Monocytes Assist in ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ A ____________________________________________________________________ Phagocytosis – _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Abscess ______________________________________________________________________ Pyrexia _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Leukocytosis _______________________________________________________________________ Leukopenia Decrease in ______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Thrombocytes Smallest of __________________________________________________ Synthesized in _____________________________________ Not cells fragments of megakaryocytes Necessary for the_____________________________________________________ Coagulation Cut or injuryplatelets and injured tissue release __________________act on _______________ in plasma+ Calcium ions converts to _______________the thrombin acts as an enzyme and changes ____________________________ creating a mesh that traps red blood cells, platelets and plasma creating a blood clot. Anticoagulants prevent __________________ Heparin __________________________ Prothrombin dependent on _____________________ Blood Types ____________________ types of blood. • ________________________________ • _______________from parents. • Determined by presence or absence of an ____________ on the surface of the red blood cell • Blood protein • Located on the _________________________________________________ • Either the person _______________________________________________ • Someone with type A blood have the A antigen, Someone with type B blood have the B antigen, type AB has both A and B antigen, and type O has neither of the antigens • Someone with type A blood has__________________________ • Someone with type B blood has __________________________ • Someone with type AB blood has _________________________ • Someone with type O blood has __________________________ • Antibody –______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ • Red cells may contain RH Factor • If you have it, ________________________ • If you don’t, _________________________ • When an Rh- mother is pregnant with an Rh+ baby, the baby’s blood (usually during delivery) can mix with the mom’s blood, causing the mom’s blood to make anti Rh antibodies. • If the mom gets pregnant again with another Rh+ positive baby, her anti Rh antibodies will attack the baby’s blood, causing_____________________________________ • RHO Gam will destroy any baby blood cells in the mom, and her immune system won’t produce antibodies. • _______________________________________________is easy to transplant, and does not cause rejection That is why research is being done on umbilical cord blood. • Disorders of the Blood • Anemia • __________________________________________________________ • Iron Deficiency Anemia • Usually in_____________________________________________________ • Deficiency of__________________________________insufficient hemoglobin synthesis • Treat with ___________________________________________________________ Polycythemia • _________________________________ cells are formed. • May be a temporary condition _____________________________________ • Aplastic Anemia • ____________________ does not produc__________________________________ • Caused by ________________________________________________________ Sickle Cell Anemia Chronic blood disease _______________________________________________________ Causes the red cells to form in_____________________________________________ Sickle cells break easily and ______________________________________________ Occurs primarily in ____________________________________________________ Treatment – _______________________________________ Embolism • Air, blood clot , cancer cells, fat, etc. that is _______________________________ __________________________________Also known as a ____________________________________________________________ • Thrombus • The formation of a ___________________________________________ • The blood clot is___________________________________ Hematoma • Localized ________________________________________ in an organ tissue or space. Caused by an ___________________________________________________________ Hemophilia • Hereditary • M_____________________________________________________________ • Blood clots _____________________________________________________ • Sex linked – transmitted ________________________ from_______________________ • Treat with missing clotting factor, ____________________________ Thrombocytopenia • Not ____________________________________________________________ • Blood will _______________________________________________________ • Leukemia • Malignant _______________________________________ • Overproduction of ______________________________________________________ • Research ________________________
