Download 8th Grade Science

8th Grade Science
Exam
Name:
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I pledge that the work on this is exam is my own.
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Student Initials
The sub-atomic particles that are located in the nucleus of an atom are
The sub-atomic particle with a negative charge is called a/an
In order to find the number of electrons in an atom one could use the ___________
on the Periodic Table.
An element with an atomic number of nine would be a/an
The atomic symbol for element number element number 79 is
Calcium (Ca) is __________ metallic than Barium (Ba).
The most non-metallic element is
The most metallic element is
As we move from right to left the elements become/remain
Chemistry is the study of
All matter is composed of
A physical change is any change that
The law of conservation of matter states
Anything that occupies space is
An element contains _______________.
Final Exam Sample Problems
A compound contains ______________.
Electrons have a/an ___________ charge.
Neutrons have a/an ___________ charge.
Protons have a/an ___________ charge.
Element number 10 would be considered a:
Element number 11 would consider a:
The difference between speed and velocity is:
An object is said to be accelerating when:
The speed of an object traveling 1000 meters in 20 seconds is:
How many miles would a car traveling at 60 miles cover in 2.5 hours?
A car is traveling at 90 Kilometers per hour. How long would it take for the car to
travel 450 Kilometers?
The correct unit for force is the:
Force is most like:
When forces are equal on an object and there is no movement, the forces are:
When forces are unequal and an object moves, the forces are:
Which of the following are considered forces acting upon an object:
A man is pushing on an object with a force of 10-N due east. A boy is pushing on the
same object with a force of 5-N due west. What is the resulting force and direction of
the object?
The resistance of any object to any change in its motion is called:
Air resistance is a type of:
All objects are __________ when in freefall.
The force of gravity has both a vertical and horizontal component.
Newton’s first law states:
Newton’s third law states:
Newton’s second law states:
Momentum can be determined by multiplying an object’s ____ by its _______.
The base unit for measuring mass in the metric system is the:
The base unit for measuring distance in the metric system is the:
The base unit for measuring volume in the metric system is the:
In science we generally measure temperature in degrees:
25 cm is ___________ than 25 mm.
25 Kg is __________ than 25 g.
2 liters is equal to __________ milliliters.
2,000 meters is equal to _______________ kilometers.
The metric system is based on the powers of:
A wheelbarrow is an example of a ____________ (simple machine).
When energy transforms from one form to another __________ is lost.
Heat is a transfer of _________ energy.
A compound machine is a machine that has _________ or more __________
machines?
Materials such as paper that do not conduct heat well are called ___________.
A hot plate on a stove transforms electrical energy to __________ energy.
The energy in fossil fuels originally came from the ________.
The amount of work you do depends on both the amount of ____________ you exert
and the _____________ the object moves.
What are 6 kinds of simple machines?
The longer the inclined plane, the less ________________ you need to push or pull
an object.
A rope or chain wrapped around a grooved wheel is called a(n) ___________.
A(n) _______________ is a flat, slanted surface.
A screwdriver is an example of a simple machine called a(n) ______________.
The force exerted by a machine is called the ____________ force.
The ___________ of a machine compares the output work to the input work.
The SI unit of work is called the ______________.
The classic portrayal of the scientific method is: Question -> ____________ ->
Experiment -> ___________ -> Conclusion.
An educated guess that has not been proven, but is based on knowledge is called a(n)
_____________.
The kind of energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom is ______________.
As an orange falls from its greatest height, its _________ energy increases while its
___________ energy decreases.
Friction transforms mechanical energy to ____________.
The process of burning fossil fuels is known as ____________.
Matching A
Write the letter in the blank space next to the number that best fits (1 point each)
1.
_______ 1. energy
a. energy that depends on height
_______ 2. kinetic energy
b. ability to do work or cause change
_______ 3. potential energy
c. energy associated with objects that
can be stretched or compressed
_______ 4. Gravitational potential
energy
_______ 5. elastic potential energy
d. an object’s energy due to its
motion
e. any type of stored energy due to
an object’s position or shape
Matching B
Match each illustration with the correct form(s) of energy by writing the letter or letters
of the form(s) of energy on the line next to the illustration. (2 points each)
2.
a. Mechanical Energy
c. Thermal Energy
e. Chemical Energy
_____________1.
b. Electrical Energy
d. Nuclear Energy
f. electromagnetic Energy
__________2.
___________ 3.
_________ 4.
___________ 5.
__________ 6.
Math Skills
For the problems below, show your work!!! Read carefully. (3 points each)
3.
a. Gravitational potential energy = 60 kg x 9.8 m/s2 x 5 m = __________
b. Suppose a boulder has a mass of 25 kg, and its perched on the edge of a
cliff that is 45 m high. What is the gravitational potential energy of the
boulder? ___________
4.
a. Work = 10N x 35M = ____________
b. An elevator lifts a man with a weight of 500N up three floors, or 30m.
How much work did the elevator do? _________
5.
a. Efficiency = 100J / 200J = _____________________
b. You do 4,000 J of work using a sledge hammer. The sledge hammer does
3,000 J of work on the spike. What is the efficiency of the sledge
hammer? ________
6.
a. Gravitational potential energy = 25 N x 10 m = ___________________
b. A student stands at the edge of a diving board that is 3 m high. The
student’s weight is 350 N. What is the student’s gravitational potential
energy relative to the surface of the water? ___________
7. A juggler is juggling three balls. The table provides data about the balls at one
instant in time. Use the data to answer the following questions.
Use acceleration due to gravity = 10m/s2
Ball A
Ball B
Ball C
Mass
1 kg
2 kg
1.5 kg
Velocity
3 m/s
6 m/s
0 m/s
Height
1.5 m
1m
2m
1. Which ball has the greatest kinetic energy? What is its kinetic energy?
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2. Which ball has the greatest potential energy? What is its potential energy?
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3. Explain how Ball C can have no velocity.
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Short Answer/ Essay
Answer the question as completely and accurately as possible.
8. How did Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity change the law of conservation of
energy? (2 points)
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9. Explain how to tell if an object is in motion, what its speed is, and if it is
accelerating. (3 points)
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10. Explain why you don’t do any work when you carry an object at a constant
velocity. (2 points)
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11. What is a screw? (2 points)
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12. What do most of the levers in your body consist of? (2 points)
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13. In a living lever in your body, what acts as the lever’s fulcrum? (2 points)
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14. The scientific method is a process for experimentation that is used to explore
observations and answer questions. What is the first step in doing the scientific
method (after you have a topic)? (1 point)
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15. How is power related to energy? (2 points)
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16. Explain how you used the scientific method when doing your science fair project.
Explain the different steps that must be completed, the order that they must be
completed and why they are done in that particular order. Why has the scientific
method been used for so long? What is the secret to its success? (5 points)
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