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COURSE Human body’s support, movement and use of nutrients 2.00 B2 35% Understand the body’s use of nutrients 2.07 A1 2% Remember the structures of the digestive system What are the structures of the digestive system? 7240 Health Science I ESSENTIAL STANDARD OBJECTIVE ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Unit A Unpacked Content I. II. Structures of the upper digestive system A. Mouth 1. Tongue 2. Teeth 3. Salivary glands 4. Palate 5. Uvula B. Esophagus C. Stomach 1. Fundus 2. Body 3. Pylorus 4. Cardiac sphincter 5. Pyloric sphincter Structures of the lower digestive system A. Small Intestine 1. Duodenum 2. Jejunum 3. Ileum B. Pancreas C. Liver D. Gallbladder E. Large Intestine 1. Cecum 2. Vermiform appendix 3. Ascending colon 4. Transverse colon 5. Descending colon 6. Sigmoid 7. Rectum 8. Anus 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 171 1. 2. 3. ACTIVITIES RELEVANCY TO OBJECTIVE RESOURCES Digestive System Introduction Introduce students to the digestive system by presenting PowerPoint presentation slides 1 – 4. Facilitate discussion by reviewing homework from the previous objective. Use this information to plan this objective. Digestive System Key Terms Distribute the handout. Facilitate discussion of the terms. Students may need to be reminded of the importance of always using professional medical terminology. Use the handout as needed, when viewing and discussing the PowerPoint presentation for the digestive system. Mouth (Buccal Cavity) Distribute the handout. Present Power Point presentation, slides 5 – 10. Ask students to label the structures on the handout and use colored pencils to identify the structures. Facilitate discussion by asking the students to compare deciduous teeth and permanent teeth. Students will use the back of the handout if necessary to record class discussion. Students will use the handout as a resource and a study tool. Students will REMEMBER (A1) the structures of the digestive system. 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system Power Point presentation, slides 1 - 4 Students will REMEMBER (A1) the structures of the digestive system. 2.07 Digestive System Key Terms Students will REMEMBER (A1) the structures of the digestive system. 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system Power Point presentation, slides 5 - 10 7240 Health Science I Colored pencils 2.07 Mouth (Buccal Cavity) Handout Summer 2012 172 4. 5. 6. ACTIVITIES RELEVANCY TO OBJECTIVE RESOURCES Structures of the Digestive System Distribute the handout. Present Power Point presentation, slides 11-17 Ask students to label the structures on the handout and use colored pencils to identify the structures. Facilitate discussion by asking the students to discuss how long the small and large intestines are within the abdominal cavity and digestive organ placement within the abdominal quadrants. Students will use the back of the handout if necessary to record class discussion. Students will use the handout as a resource and a study tool. Medical Terminology Distribute the handout. Review the terms with the students. Use the handout as a resource when discussing functions of the digestive system and as a study tool. 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system In preparation for objective 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system; assign students to use their textbooks to read about the digestive system. Students should be given an assignment to complete Students will REMEMBER (A1) the structures of the digestive system. 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system Power Point presentation, slides 11 - 17 7240 Health Science I Colored pencils 2.07 Structures of the Digestive System Handout Students will REMEMBER (A1) medical terminology. Students will UNDERSTAND (B2) the functions and disorders of the digestive system. 2.07 Medical Terminology Handout Textbook Notebook OR Materials provided Summer 2012 173 ACTIVITIES RELEVANCY TO OBJECTIVE RESOURCES to facilitate learning. Note: This could be an assignment from the materials provided or as provided by the teacher.) Review and return these materials to students prior to beginning the next objective. 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 174 2.07 Digestive System Key Terms Handout Name___________________ Date____________________ Directions: After reading and class discussion with your teacher, explain in your own words what each term means. Key Term Definition Absorption Passing of a substance into body fluids and tissues Alimentary Canal (Tract) Entire digestive tube from the mouth to the anus Bile Substance produced by the liver; emulsifies fat Bilirubin One of two pigments that determines the color of bile; reddish in color Rounded mass; food prepared by mouth for swallowing Bolus Cecum Pouch at the proximal end of the large intestine Deciduous Temporary teeth (baby teeth) usually lost by 6 years old Digestion The complex process of breaking down food to be utilized by the body The presence of excessive gas in the digestive tract Flatulence Gingiva Gums Glycogen Polysaccharide formed and stored largely in the liver Mastication Process of chewing Peristalsis Contractions of the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract that propel food through it Salivary amylase converts starches to simple sugars Ptyalin Rugae Class Discussion Wrinkle or folds in the stomach wall that allow for size changes in the stomach 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 175 2.07 Mouth (Buccal Cavity) Handout Name_____________________ Date______________________ Directions: Label the structures of mouth (buccal cavity) and color the appropriate structures using colored pencils. You may use the back of the handout to record class discussion as necessary. Central incisors (light blue) Lateral incisors (red) Cuspid (green) 1st premolar (yellow) 2nd premolar (orange) 1st molar (navy blue) 2nd molar (light green) 3rd molar (light brown) 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 176 2.07 Structures of the Digestive system Handout Name_____________________ Date______________________ Directions: Label the structures of digestive system and color the appropriate structures using colored pencils. You may use the back of the handout to record class discussion as necessary. _______________________ ______________ ________________________ ________________________ _______________ _ ________________________ ________________________ _______________ _______________ ________________________ ________________________ __________________ _______________ Ascending colon (light red) Descending colon (light green) Esophagus (light blue) Mouth (light purple) Parotid gland (light orange) Pharynx (light yellow) Rectum (orange) Small intestines (blue) Stomach (red) Transverse colon (green) 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 177 2.07 Medical Terminology Handout Name:________________ Date:_________________ Directions: Review the medical terms and definitions listed below. Use these terms to write “new” compound words in the spaces below. Check your work in your textbook or a dictionary to verify the compound words and the definition of each one. Medical Term Definition chole- gall, bile cirrh- reddish, yellowness colo- colon cyst- sac, bladder dent- tooth entero- intestines gastro- stomach gingiva- gums gloss tongue hepat- liver lingua- tongue mastic- chew -occult hidden odont- tooth stoma- mouth ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 178 2.07 Prototype Assessment Items Note: These items illustrate the types of items used in the item bank for this objective. All items have been written to match the cognitive process of the remember verb in the objective. Questions require students to recall terms or words related to job seeking and keeping. These exact questions will not be used on the secured test, but questions in similar formats will be used. These assessment items may be used as prototypes by teachers and students to generate similar items to comprise formative assessments for you classroom. This strategy is especially helpful during the field test year when classroom item banks are not available. Results of formative assessment should be used to diagnose levels of mastery, determine if re-teaching is needed, and guide further instruction. 1. The hollow muscular tube between the throat and the stomach is called the: A. Colon B. Esophagus C. Pancreas D. Pyloric sphincter B 2. The large intestines are also known as the: A. Colon B. Esophagus C. Pancreas D. Pyloric sphincter A 3. The structure that is located between the stomach and the small intestines is called the: A. B. C. D. Colon Esophagus Pancreas Pyloric sphincter D 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 179