Download 6th Earth Science

Earth Science Unit 4 Test Review: Earth’s Forces
Objectives:
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Explain the theory of plate tectonics and the three types of boundaries
Describe the types of faults, why they form, and where they occur
Describe how the energy of an earthquake travels, kinds of seismic waves & scales used to
measure
Describe earthquake damage and how faults are monitored
Identify where Earth's volcanic regions are located and how they form
Textbook reading:
Chapter 5 Section 5
Chapter 6 Section 1
Chapter 6 Section 2
Chapter 6 Section 3
Chapter 6 Section 4
Chapter 7 section 1
Chapter 7 Section 3
Chapter 7 Section 4
Vocabulary:
Chapter 5 Section 5: plate, scientific theory, plate tectonics, fault, divergent boundary, rift valley,
convergent boundary, transform boundary
Chapter 6 Section 1: stress, tension, compression, shearing, normal fault, hanging wall, footwall, reverse
fault, strike-slip fault, anticline, syncline, plateau
Chapter 6 Section 2: earthquake, focus, epicenter, P wave, S wave, surface wave, Mercalli scale,
magnitude, Richter scale, seismograph, moment magnitude scale
Chapter 6 Section 3: seismogram, friction
Chapter 6 Section 4: liquefaction, aftershock, tsunami, base-isolated building
Chapter 7 Section 1: volcano, magma, lava, Ring of Fire, island arc, hot spot
Chapter 7 Section 3: magma chamber, pipe, vent, lava flow, crater, pyroclastic flow, dormant, extinct
Chapter 7 Section 4: shield volcano, cinder cone, composite volcano, caldera, volcanic neck, dike, sill,
batholith, geothermal activity, geyser
In addition to the above information you should know:
 Types of stress
 Types of fault
 Know what type of fault each type of stress forms
 Describe the hanging wall in normal and reverse faults
 Anticline and syncline
 Epicenter and focus
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Types of seismic waves
Scales used to rate earthquakes
Base-isolated buildings
How to protect yourself in an earthquake
Devices used to detect earthquakes & type of movement they measure (horizontal or vertical)
When earthquakes are likely to occur
Theory of plate tectonics
Types of boundaries
Where volcanic belts form
Hot spot volcanoes
Parts of a volcano
How silica affects a volcano
Volcano hazards (ash, cinders, bombs)
Volcanic neck
Figure 2 p. 163- Types of stress & the types of fault each creates
Figure 14 p. 218-219: Types of volcanoes
Essay Questions:
1. Distinguish between the focus and the epicenter of an earthquake.
2. Explain the difference between P and S waves in an earthquake.
3. Describe the three stages of a volcano.
****** You may complete the essay questions at home and bring them with you on test day. Essay
questions should be written in paragraph form. You should have an introductory sentence, at least three
supporting sentences, and a closing sentence.