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General Principles
Suggested Actions
National / Project
Examples
Comments
DK: National climate scenarios have
just recently been developed and is
followed by all mapping in Denmark.
Guidance for usage is under
development.
FI: www.environment.fi/floods > Flood
risk management planning
FI: Doctoral dissertation: Estimation of
Climate Change Impacts on Hydrology
and Floods in Finland (Veijalainen 2012)
PFRA – Requirement for reporting of data
on past floods
General :
o
1. Start adapting flood risk management
to potential climate change as soon as
possible, when information is robust
enough, since full certainty will never be
the case. Follow the guiding principles
set out for the WFD
PFRA :
2. Understand and anticipate as far as
possible climate change impact on flood
patterns
A. Understand and anticipate as far as
possible climate change impact on
floods

Monitor changes to flood patterns by
gathering comprehensive information
on past floods - consider development
of a “past floods database at European
level” or list of national databases.


Develop a structure for gathering
information on past and new floods,
set a standards for information on past
floods to ensure their comparability.
Improve trends detection, using the
information gathered over the
implementation cycles detecting trends
of changing flood patterns
NO: Flood data base under
development
IE: www.floodmaps.ie
IE: Flood data collection guidance and
proforma
BE (wallonie): Flood data base under
development, no PFRA done
CZ: Research project on climate change
(incl. topic) of floods 2007-2011.
CZ: Flood database under development
CZ: Historical floods – Book (Brázdil et
al. 2005), PhD thessis (Elleder, 2010),
CHMI Proceedings (2012)
EEA Database on past floods
GMES Network
3. Use best available information and
data
B. Use best available information

Anticipate and improve readily
available information

Use monitoring under WFD on flows,
physical modifications, pressures and
impacts, etc.

Consider what is "available and readily
derivable information" today and what
is foreseen to be "available and readily
derivable information" in 2011, 2018,
etc. (taking into account for instance
the forthcoming 5th IPCC AR).

Exchange information with the
insurance industry, as well as land use
and spatial planners

Make the best use of review cycles of
PFRA

Continue further best practice
exchange on how to incorporate
climate change information in the
PFRA at European level
4. Homogenize time series, and remove
bias as far as possible.
C. Homogenize time series, and
remove bias as far as possible

Remove bias from time series and use
time series that are as long as possible

Gain information on paleofloods and
pre-instrumental era floods to better
estimate flood hazard of low
probability.
5. Understand and anticipate as far as
possible changed exposure, vulnerability,
and flood risk due to climate change, for
establishing areas of potential significant
floodrisk.
D. Understand and anticipate as far as
possible changed vulnerability and
flood risk due to climate change
o Take climate change into account when
assessing the effectiveness of existing
manmade flood defence structures
o Be transparent in the use of “worst
case” scenarios – take latest available
climate change information into
DK: Sea level rise has been taken into
consideration in the PFRA in the first
cycle.
IE: Predictive PFRA analysis being rerun taking into account sea level rise
CZ: project on developing reference
scenarios for water management
planning under way.
o
consideration
Think of developing reference scenario
to ensure comparability of results
E. Make sure best available information
(see above under Preliminary Flood
Risk Assessment) is taken into account
when flood scenarios are reviewed
every 6 years.
Mapping :
6. When identifying the different flood
scenarios, incorporate information on
climate change if appropriate
7. Present uncertainties surrounding
climate change in maps transparently if
appropriate
8. Use the 6-year review of flood maps
to incorporate climate change
information
F. Present uncertainty related to
climate change in a transparent manner
in flood maps if appropriate
IE: Flood maps (Art. 6) to include two
future scenarios
BE: (Wallonie) : Flood maps using
climate change scenario, using
Q100+30%, as a result of Interreg
project AMICE
DK: rise in sea level is taken into
consideration and will include 3 future
climate scenarios.
DK: a new law requires a complete
(blue spot) mapping of Denmark that
takes 2-3 climate scenarios into
consideration (sea level rise only)
NO: Based on results from the NVE
report 5/2011 “Hydrological projections
for floods in Norway under a future
climate”, flood inundation maps now
show a 200-year flood in 2100. Example
from Naustdal
IE: Method for broad-scale, indicative
uncertainty assessment
FI: Laser scanning project, a new
national elevation model
FI: Sea level scenarios and flood risks
on the Finnish coast
FI: Research need: Develop the joint
probability methods (inc. river ice)
http://www.amice-project.eu/
Flood risk management plans
9. Incorporate climate change in setting
flood risk management objectives
G. Indicate how climate change plays a
role in setting flood risk management
objectives.
10. Ensure coordination at catchment
level, also respecting the Directive’s
coordination requirements at RBD/unit of
management level
IE: Appraisal and prioritisation of FRM
measures includes objectives (criteria)
on adaptability of measures to future
flood risk
NO: Two pilot plans made: 1) Tana
River (cross-border watershed with
Finland) and 2) Melhus municipality
11. Include climate change scenarios in
on-going initiatives and in planning
processes
o
o
o
o
o
Include climate change related flood
risk changes in on-going education
initiatives to improve flood risk
awareness and preparedness.
Be clear and honest in communicating
the uncertainties of climate scenarios
and derived flood regime scenarios.
Improve institutional awareness of
potential climate change related
impacts on flood risk, for instance
ensure that authorities responsible for
climate change adaptation and flood
risk management coordinate with river
basin management.
Ensure all interested parties are
involved in the consultation process for
the Flood Risk Management Plans.
Increase the resilience of civil
protection and disaster management
infrastructure in view of climate
change.
FI: MCDA in –FRMP (for example
involving local stakeholders (p. 91-) and
national FRMP-pilot)
Measures :

12. Perform a climate check of flood risk
measures
13. Favour options that are robust to the

Consider occurrence of multiple hazards
in flood risk management, example of
increased incidents of ephemeral floods.
Develop tool-boxes and examples of
"no-regret" and "win-win" measures,
and exchange this information across
the EU.
NO: Work done on “tool-boxes”,
contact Bent Braskerud, NVE
([email protected])
NO: Testing of “green roofs” and
“raingardens” in a cold climate.
uncertainty in climate projections

Take into account guidance and
expertise on catchment approach and
non-structural measures when
investigating “better environmental
options” according to Article 4.7 WFD.
o

Further development and exchange of
good practices on adaptation measures
related to flood management.
Ensure land use / spatial planning is
robust in view of climate change.
Improve economic models to enable
taking into account long-term costs and
benefits in planning.
Increased use of economic incentives,
such as the cost of insurance being
linked to flood risk of individual
properties.
a. Focus on pollution risk in flood prone
zones
b. Focus on non-structural measures and
instruments when possible
c. Focus on “no-regret" and "win-win"
measures
d. Focus on a mix of measures
14. Favour prevention through the
catchment approach including the need
for transboundary cooperation on
prevention
15. Take account of a long term
perspective in defining flood risk
measures (e.g. with respect to land use,
structural measures efficiency, protection
of buildings, critical infrastructure, etc).
e. Include long-term climate change
scenarios in land-use planning
f. Develop robust cost-benefit methods
which enable taking into account longer
term costs and benefits in view of
climate change.
g. Use economic incentives to influence
land use [Link insurance]



FI: Updating national recommendations
for the minimum permissible building
heights during year 2013
IE: CC partially provided for in National
Guidelines on Spatial Planning
NO: Same status as in IE
BE: changes in the Insurance Law –
natural disasters insurance included in
the fire insurance : insurers take into
account the flood risks maps
16. Assess other climate change
adaptation (and even mitigation)
measures on their impact on flood risks:
h. Hydropower and flow regulation
i. Link with water scarcity


Review permits for impoundments (see
WFD) to make sure possible climate
change related flood risks can be
mitigated
Include information on exceptional
floods giving rise to the use of Article
4.6 WFD, which is consistent and
coherent with the information and
measures included in FRMP.
FI: Ilmava2-project. The existing
permits for flow regulation will be
assessed taking account the effects of
Climate Change