Download Ph D Thesis in Environmental Physics / Functional

Ph D Thesis in Environmental Physics / Functional Ecology
Ecole Doctorale 304 : Sciences et Environnements
Simulation of alternative management practices for
perennial plantation adaptation to global changes
Main supervisor: Guerric le Maire (UMR ECO & SOLS) - Tel : 04 99 61 21 15 - Fax : 04 99
61 21 19.
UMR ECO&SOLS, Supagro-Cirad-INRA-IRD, 2 place Viala - Bât. 12, Montpellier Cedex 2,
France, 34060
Second supervisor: Denis Loustau (UMR ISPA, INRA) 06 78 19 73 99
Location : Unit Eco&Sols, Montpellier (G. LeMaire) with prolonged stays (2-5 month) in
unit ISPA (Bordeaux, Dr. D. Loustau) and Universities of Sao Paulo (Brazil, Dr G. Lemaire)
and McQuarie (Sydney, Australia, Pr B.E. Medlyn and Dr; R. Duursma)
Typical Applicant Profile:
 Master in Functional Ecology, Biogeochemistry, Applied Physics, Applied Mathematics
Ecosystem Physiology, Geosciences, Environmental sciences.
 High Engineer School in Agronomy or Scientific Engineering (Ingénieur grandes Ecoles
scientifiques)
 Ecoles Normales en Biologie ou Physique,
Funding
Ph D. fellowship co-funded by CIRAD and ANR (project MACCAC).
Application
 .. CV and motivation letter (1.5 pages) including two supervisor references should be
sent by email at: [email protected] copy to [email protected]
 .. Final selection after face-to-face interview to be proposed to applicants selected short
list, (skype acceptable).
Deadline for application : ...... 1st July, 2014.
Start :
1st October 2014
End :
30st September 2017
Key Words : Process model, perennial plantations, adaptation to global changes
Abstract.
The thesis will be part of the ANR project MACCAC which aims at improving management
practices in agroforestry based upon 3D canopy modelling and facing the expected impacts of
climate changes. Three case studies are considered: coffee plantation in Costa Rica, maritime
Pine forest in South-western France and Eucalyptus short rotations in Brazil as pure stands or
mixture. The research subject proposed aims at designing an optimal type of canopy in terms
of structure, composition and dynamics for optimizing the sustainable production of
ecosystem services and maximizing the adaptive potential of cropping systems to global
changes.
The proposed approach is essentially based upon process based 3-dimensional modelling the
cycles of energy, carbon, water and nitrogen at the ecosystem level, with emphasis on the
production of ecosystem services : yield and commercial harvest, climate and hydrological
regulations, biodiversity.
The research project will rely upon the data obtained from field experiments and long term
monitoring sites and will use data from downscaled climate scenarios, soil maps, ground
inventories and remote sensing products. Data will be used for e.g. parameterising and
calibrating the MAESPA model at the tree and stand levels for the three cases studied. The
model will then be used for investigating different options of canopy composition and
structure and their effects on canopy microclimate, stand carbon balance, surface energy
balance and hydrology under a range of climate scenarios.
Supervision committee:
Main: Guerric le Maire – (UMR Eco&Sols)
Co-supervisor : Denis Loustau – HDR (UMR ISPA)
Participants : Olivier Roupsard (UMR Eco & Sols / CATIE), Jean Dauzat (UMR AMAP),
Marc Corbeels (UMR AIDA),
International partners :
R. Duursma & Pr B.E. Medlyn, U. of Western Sydney & Macquarie University NSW
Australia 2109.
CATIE (Costa-Rica) : Climate scenarios, Agroforestry management operations
References
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L.A., & Roupsard, O. (2013). Competition for light in heterogeneous canopies: Application of MAESTRA
to a coffee (Coffea arabica L.) agroforestry system. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 181, 152-169
Duursma, R.A., & Medlyn, B.E. (2012). MAESPA: a model to study interactions between water limitation,
environmental drivers and vegetation function at tree and stand levels, with an example application to
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