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ANSWER KEY
Chapter 3 – Test Review Questions
1. What area is distorted on a Mercator projection?
The Polar Regions
2. Name the projection that is made from a cone of paper.
Polyconic
3. Name the projection that shows the whole world except the extreme polar regions? Mercator
4. Where are landmasses distorted on gnomonic projections?
Away from the center or pole
5. The northern and southern hemispheres are divided by what line of latitude?
The Equator
6. The eastern and western hemispheres are divided by what line of longitude? The Prime Meridian
7. How many degrees of latitude separate the north and south poles?
180o
8. What is the greatest number of degrees that a traveler can ever be (east or west) from the prime
meridian?
180o
9. 1:1,000 indicates what kind of map scale?
Ratio
10. How many contour lines would be needed to show an island 250 feet high on a map with a
contour interval of 50 feet?
6
11. What is the name of the contour lines which show craters of volcanoes?
Depression Contours
12. What landform is shown when many contour lines are drawn close together? A cliff / a steep slope
13. When a contour line crosses a river what shape does it make? “V”
14. Using the shape of the contour lines, how can you tell which way a river is flowing? The narrow tip
of the “V” points upstream or the river flows out the wide part of the “V”
15. The North Pole is located at what latitude?
90o North
16. Lines parallel to the equator are called
Latitude Lines
17. Another name for lines of longitude is
Meridians
18. What type of map shows changes in elevation of the Earth’s surface using contour lines?
Topographic Map
19. What is the name for lines that connect equal elevations?
20. Another name for a map key is a
Legend
Contour Lines
21. The most accurate representation of the earth’s surface (without distortion) is a
22. Name the two north poles on Earth.
23. Define magnetic declination.
24. Define topography.
Globe
True North and Magnetic North
The angle by which Magnetic North varies from True North
Landscape or layout of the land
25. What is the scale on a map used for?
It is used to show distances
26. Write out 10o 15’ 20” N Lat in words.
Ten degrees, fifteen minutes, twenty seconds North Latitude
27. What is the elevation of sea level? 0 meters or 0 feet
28. What is a contour interval?
The difference in elevation between two consecutive contour lines
29. How can you tell steep elevations from gentle elevations on a topographic map?
Contour lines appear closer together indicating a steep slope. If the land is flat or the slope is
gentle, contour lines are space farther apart.
30. What two symbols are used to indicate a bench mark (or exact elevation)?
31. What line is 0o Latitude?
BM or X
The Equator
32. What word describes the Layout of the land; landscape or landforms?
33. What is used to explain each symbol on a map?
Topography
A legend or a key
34. What line is at 180o Longitude? The International Date Line
35. What is a flat, 2-dimensional representation of Earth’s surface?
36. What is used to indicate distance on map?
A Map
A Scale
37. Name some Human-made features on a topographic map.
Roads, bridges, buildings
38. What grid system is used to find a town’s exact location on a map?
39. Earth is divided into 4 halves which are called
Latitude & Longitude
Hemispheres
40. Name some Natural features on a topographic map.
Mountains, valleys, plains, plateaus
41. What was the main method of mapping in the United States before the 1940’s?
plane-table surveying
42. What does the Global Positioning System (GPS) allow people to determine anywhere in the
world?
position, speed, & time
Use the laminated square topographic map to answer the
following questions.
43. What type of map scale is used? Choices: fractional
44. What is the map’s contour interval?
graphic
ratio
verbal
100 feet
45. What symbol on this map is used to indicate a benchmark or exact elevation?
46. What is the highest elevation on the map?
X
590 ft
47. The lowest elevation labeled inside the depression is what?
300 ft
48. In what general direction does Roaring Stream flow? East
49. Which direction does Fish Creek flow? North
50. Which mountain has steeper sides?
Bear Mountain
White Mountain
51. What feature is located at 43o08’N and 76o07’W?
Blue Lake
52. Which town is located at 43o05’30”N and 76o13’W?
Dixon
53. What are the lines of the map called that connect points of equal elevation?
Bald Peak
Contour Lines
54. Provide the latitude of the peak of White Mountain to the nearest degree and minute.
43o 7’ N
55. Provide the longitude of the peak of White Mountain to the nearest degree and minute.
76o 11’ W