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Plant Form and Function
Analyzing how water and nutrients move through a plant (Ch 36 and Investigation 11)
Learning Goal: How are plants structurally adapted for survival?
Refer to pg 202-207, 314-319 in Holtzclaw
How and why do water/nutrients move through a plant?
You must know: (Ch 36)
 The role of passive transport, active transport, and cotransport in plant transport.
 The role of diffusion, active transport, and bulk flow in the movement of water and nutrients in plants (with water potential
calculations)
 How the transpiration cohesion-tension mechanism explains water movement in plants.
 How pressure flow explains translocation.
How does water & dissolved nutrients get from the roots to the leaves in these tall trees?_______________________________
How does sugar get from the leaves to the roots in plants for winter storage? ____________________________________
Try This!
What is the similarity between xylem and phloem tissue?
What is the difference between xylem and phloem tissue?
Types of Tissue
Dermal tissue – ____________________ protective covering
Vascular tissue – carries out transportation of materials between _______________and _____________
Xylem – transports _____________and dissolved minerals up from roots into the shoots
Phloem – transports _____________from leaves to other parts of plant (sites of growth)
Ground tissue – not ____________or ____________
Try This!
Explain the difference between passive transport and active transport.
Plasmolysis an effect of __________________, which is an example of _______________ transport
Vocabulary:
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xylem
xylem sap
mycorrhizae
inorganic ions
apoplastic route
symplastic route
plasmodesmata
casparian strip
endodermis cells
Try This: Explain the transport of water and nutrients from roots to shoots
Transport up shoots to leaves: Transpiration through Xylem
Vocabular:
 transpiration
 hydrogen bonds
 cohesion
 adhesion
 solute
 stomata
 guard cells
How do (C3) plants prevent excessive water loss in hot, dry environment?
Try This: Explain the transport of water and nutrients up shoots to leaves
How and why does sugar move through a plant?
Phloem Translocation in Summer
Phloem Translocation in Spring
Vocabulary:
 phloem
 phloem sap
 translocation
 sugar source
 sugar sink
 tap root
Try This: Explain the transport of sugar from sugar source to sugar sink in spring and late summer
Try This!
Remember the equation for water potential?
Explain the equation
If the
in cell A is greater than the
in cell B, which way will water move?
Try This!
Predict the effect on water potential of:
 Addition of solutes to distilled water
 Loss of turgor pressure within a plant leaf
Bulk Flow: the movement of water through a plant from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure.
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Water and solute move through both xylem and phloem tissue by way of bulk flow
Try These Questions:
Transpiration has been described as a “necessary evil.” Explain the costs and benefits of transpiration to a plant.