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Department of History
The Ohio State University
Winter 2009
History 581.02 European International History: Twentieth Century
T/Th 1:30 – 3:18 P.M. McPherson 2017
Prof. Carole Fink, Dulles 214
[email protected]; 292-6594
Office Hour: Wednesday 3:30-5:00 P.M.
SYLLABUS
Course objectives
The purpose is this course is to introduce students to the history of European international
relations in the twentieth century. Topics will include the diplomacy of the first World
War and its impact on the international system; the failed attempts to establish peace in
the 1920s; the impact of the Great Depression; the causes and diplomacy of the second
World War; the dismantling of Europe’s colonial empires; and the history and end of the
Cold War. We shall examine the sources of continuity and the elements of change; the
role of individuals, groups, institutions and ideologies in international relations; the
impact of politics, economy, and culture on foreign policy; the structures and ideas
behind European international relations; and some new features (human rights, ecology)
of European and world politics.
What also makes this course distinctive will be the extensive experience students will
gain in the use of Library materials for research. Professor David Lincove, the History
Librarian in the Thompson Library, will be playing an active role in defining resources,
providing instruction in searching techniques, and enabling students to produce original
research projects. Reading assignments will go beyond the traditional text and will
include an investigation of primary and secondary sources extending over a broad range
of web-based resources.
Format
The course will meet twice each week. Classes will consist of a combination of lectures
and discussion. Each student will be part of a specific discussion group that will address
specific historical topics.
Course requirements
Attendance is required. Excessive absence (more than two unexcused absences)
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will lower your grade.
No eating or drinking in class. Cell phones must be turned off.
Students are expected to do all the reading for each class and be prepared to discuss the
assignment as well as take full part in the group discussion.
No extensions will be granted, either for papers or exams
Additional Information
Grades will be based on:
Mid-term and final examination (essay format). No extensions. (45%)
Research diary (20%)
One essay. No extensions. (30%)
Class participation (5-10%)
Grading Policies
“A” essays and exams will include an excellent introductory and concluding paragraphs
presenting and evaluating your thesis. The body of the paper will contain a well written,
original, and a well-organized presentation (either thematic or chronological) to support
your thesis.
“B” essays and exams contain the above but not meet the highest standards of prose,
originality, or organization.
“C” essays and exams are acceptable but lack distinction in all the three categories.
“D” and “E” essays exams lack a viable thesis, adequate information, and coherent
narrative.
Research diaries will also receive a letter grade based on accuracy and critical
commentary.
Academic Misconduct
It is the responsibility of the Committee on Academic Misconduct to investigate or
establish procedures for the investigation of all reported cases of student academic
misconduct. The term academic misconduct includes all forms of student academic
misconduct wherever committed; this is illustrated by, but not limited to, cases of
plagiarism and dishonest practices in connection with examinations and papers.
According to Faculty Rule 3335-5-487 all instances of misconduct will be reported. For
further information, see the Code of Student Conduct:
http://studentaffairs.osu.edu/resource_csc.asp.
For a discussion of plagiarism, see:
http://cstw.osu.edu/writingCenter/handouts/research_plagiarism.cfm.
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For a direct link to the OSU Writing Center: http://cstw.osu.edu
Disability Services
Students with disabilities that have been certified by the Office for Disability Services
should inform the instructor as soon as possible. The Office for Disability Services is
located in 150 Pomerene Hall, 1760 Neil Avenue, Telephone: 292-3307, TDD 292-0901;
http://www.ods.ohio-state.edu.
Enrollment
All students must be officially enrolled in the course by the end of the first full week of
the quarter. No requests to add the course will be approved by the Chair of the History
Department after that time. Enrolling officially and on time is solely the responsibility of
the student.
Text
William Keylor, The Twentieth Century World, 5th ed. only. Available SBX. All page
numbers in the assignment refer to this book.
Tentative Schedule (Subject to modification)
Week Date
Topic
Reading in Keylor
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1/6
Introduction, Assignments
Presentation by David Lincove
“The techniques of library research”
1/8
The Global context
pp. 1-36
January 8: Documents: (2)
Europe and its Empires on the eve of World War I
Maps:
Colonial Empires: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/ward_1912/world_1910.jpg
from Cambridge Modern History Atlas, 1912 available at the University of Texas, PerryCastañeda Library Map Collection web site.
Europe: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/shepherd/europe_1871_1914.jpg from
Historical Atlas (1926 ed.) by William R. Shepherd available at the University of Texas,
Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection web site.
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2
1/13
World War I
pp. 39-64
January 13: Documents: World War I (6)
Contemporary accounts from First World War.com
Sinking of the Lusitania U-20 and the Lusitania, US protest
Memoirs and Diaries:
The First Gas Attack
Armenian Massacres
The Flight of the Goeben and Breslau, August 1914
A Sapper in Palestine
The Balfour Declaration, 2 November 1917
1/15
Peace?
pp. 65-83
January 15: Documents: The Paris Peace Conference (3)
Photograph: The Big Three: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/wwi/89875.htm from the
US Dept. of State web site
Document: Articles 231-43 of the Versailles Treaty [on German reparations]: Available
from the Avalon Project: Documents in Law, History and Diplomacy, Yale University
Document: U.S. and the Paris Peace Conference: The League of Nations
Document: Excerpt from Foreign Relations of the United States (digitized by U of
Wisconsin Libraries; print volumes also at OSU Libraries, JX233 .A3 in Ackerman
Library ): United States Department of State. Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of
the United States, 1919. The Paris Peace Conference. Volume 1: Proposals for a League
of Nations
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1/20
The Era of Illusions
pp. 84-116
January 20: Documents: The 1920s (6)
a)Germany Pacified or Vengeful?
Photo: Gustav Stresemann,
Speech: London Times reports on Stresemann’s speech before the League of Nations.
Reported Sept. 23, 1926 on occupation of Germany; and Sept. 24, 1926 on war guilt.
From the Times Digital Archive
b) Can War be Stopped?
Letters: Einstein-Freud correspondence
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(Optional): Why War? by Albert Einstein and Sigmund Freud ; [translated by Stuart
Gilbert; preface by James O. Lugo]. Redding, CA: CAT Pub. Co., c1991. JX1963 .E3513
1991. On Reserve at the Science and Engineering Library.
c) Colonial Problems: Palestine
Newspaper account: Times of London, Saturday, Sept. 14, 1929, p. 9; Issue 45308;
column A “Palestine The Outbreak And Its Causes” FROM OUR SPECIAL
CORRESPONDENT The Times Digital Archive
“Conclusions of a Meeting of Cabinet Ministers held at No. 10 Downing Street.”
Situation in Palestine: Arab Revolt. 1936-1938. Document # CAB 104/7-0002 [Cabinet
Office document]. Go to Arab - Israeli Relations 1917 - 1970, from the National
Archives, (After entering the database, select “start searching” and type the entire
document title phrase above [Conclusions…..]. Select the one item you retrieve. Use
the page arrows on on the left side of the screen to move from one page to the next.
1/22
Illusions Dispelled
Research Diary (1) due
pp. 117-156
January 22: Documents: Peace or War? (2)
Film: The Grand Illusion (1938)
Several copies, on tape and DVD On Reserve, Science and Engineering Library
Optional: Grand Illusion: A Film by Jean Renoir (text of the film) On Reserve,
Science and Engineering Library . PN 1991. G71.
Memoir/History: Winston Churchill, The Gathering Storm
Find a book review of this book in JSTOR [Request “advanced search”, search the book
title, and click in box for “reviews” ]
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1/27
The U.S. and Japan
pp. 179-223
January 27: Documents: Collision in Asia – Manchuria (3)
Document: The Lytton Commission Report (League of Nations)
Parliamentary Discussion on the report from the British House of Commons
Newspaper article: Find an article in the New York Times on the Lytton Commission
Report. [note: use quote marks to search for a phrase; “Lytton commission”]
Biography: Who was Lytton and what was his full name? Find out in Oxford Dictionary
of National Biography
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1/29
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* ESSAY TOPIC DUE
David Lincove presentation: Researching a term paper
2/3
Mid Term Exam
2/5
World War II
pp. 157-78, 223-30
February 5: Documents: (view all labeled with an asterisk and at least three in
addition)
a)Leaders: the enemy
Period cartoons from the New York Times Online
*Hitler: 1934 1936 1941 1944
Tojo: 1943 1943
Mussolini: 1935 1936 1941 1942
Nazi Wartime Cartoons from Calvin College, Nazi Propaganda Archive.
b) Nazi atrocities
Sound recording: “Edward R. Murrow broadcast from Buchenwald” from
scrapbookpages.com.
*Description and excerpts:
http://www.scrapbookpages.com/buchenwald/Liberation3.html
Recording from YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYVn0hzcSs0
For information about the producer of the database see
http://www.scrapbookpages.com/AboutUs.html
Optional: See also In Search of Light: The Broadcasts of Edward R. Murrow, 19381961. Edited with an introd. by Edward Bliss, Jr. New York: Knopf, 1967. On Reserve
Science and Engineering Library, D422 .M8
c) The Victims
Etty Hillesum
*Biography: from Encyclopedia Judaica
Book Review: Hamington, Maurice, “Women writers facing tragedy take up pens, lay
down truths,” National Catholic Reporter 34, no. 14 (Feb. 2, 1998): 30.
*Quotations: from the works of Hillesum
http://www.ettyhillesumcentrum.nl/index.php?mainmenu=13&submenu=48#2
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Anne Frank
*Biography: from Encyclopedia Judaica
Book Review: Schwarz, Leo W., Frank, Anne, The Diary of a Young Girl. With an
Introduction by Eleanor Roosevelt, Jewish Social Studies, 14 (1952) p.377. Available
from Periodicals Archive Index. (Link to the database and type the book title [The Diary
of a Young Girl] in the search box. Link to the review.)
*Document: “Reports on Conditions in German Concentration Camps.” 4 May 1945.
(36p.) War Office: Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force: Military
Headquarters Papers, Second World War. The National Archives. WO 219/1240. From
Postwar Europe: Refugees, Exile, Resettlement, 1945-1950. [After entering the
database, select “search” and enter the title phrase without the quotation marks
(Reports….). Use the buttons on the left side of the screen (“previous page” and “next
page” to move through the document.]
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2/10
The Division of Europe
pp. 233-61
February 10: Documents: The Nuremberg Trials (4)
On-Line Reference Work: Michael Biddiss. "Nuremberg Trials" The Oxford
Companion to World War II. Ed. I. C. B. Dear and M. R. D. Foot. Oxford University
Press, 2001. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. Ohio State
University. 16 October 2008
Contemporary Documentation:
International Conference on Military Trials: London, 1945 “Report to the
President by Mr. Justice Jackson, October 7, 1946.” Available from the Avalon
Project: Documents in Law, History and Diplomacy, Yale University
“Minutes of Conference Session of June 26, 1945.” Available from the Avalon
Project: Documents in Law, History and Diplomacy, Yale University
Medical Case Transcript, 21 November 1946 Nuremberg Trials Project: A Digital
Documents Collection at Harvard Law School Library. Introduction
2/12
Coexistence and Confrontation
Research Diary (2) due
February 12: Documents: The Nuclear Threat (2)
Contemporary Articles:
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pp. 262-94
Anthony Buzzard, John Slessor, and Richard Lowenthal, “The H-Bomb: Massive
Retaliation or Graduated Deterrence?” International Affairs 32, No. 2 (Apr.
1956): 148-65. Available from JSTOR
Norman A. Graebner. “Can a Nuclear World War Be Avoided?” Annals of the
American Academy of Political and Social Science 351 (Jan. 1964): 132-39 .
Available from JSTOR
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2/17
Détente and Multipolarity
pp. 295-322
February 17: Documents: (4)
a) Forging Détente
Audio, Video and Transcript: Remarks on Signing the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty
(July 01, 1968) by President Lyndon Baines Johnson. Available from the Miller
Center for Public Affairs, U. of Virginia.
Audio and Transcript: Remarks Announcing an Agreement on Strategic Arms
Limitation Talks (May 20, 1971) by President Richard Milhous Nixon. Available from
the Miller Center for Public Affairs, U. of Virginia.
Audio, Video and Transcript: "Evil Empire" Speech (March 08, 1983)
By President Ronald Wilson Reagan. Available from the Miller Center for Public Affairs,
U. of Virginia.
b) The Cold War and Human Rights: The Question of South Africa
Document: International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of
Apartheid Adopted and opened for signature, ratification by General Assembly resolution
3068 (XXVIII) of 30 November 1973. Available from the UN Office of the High
Commissioner for Human Rights
2/19
The Cold War Outside Europe
pp. 323-51 (Asia)
pp. 365-75 (Latin
America
pp. 376-91 (Africa)
February 19: Book Project: Using the OSU catalogue and Library, select one book on
one of these three areas and write a paragraph explaining how it broadens understanding
of the Cold War in this region and be prepared to present this in class.
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2/24
The Fall of the Wall
pp. 352-64, 407-22
February 24: Document: (1)
Film: Jeremy Isaacs, Cold War (1998). The Fall of the Wall 1989. In Class.
2/26
Aftermath
pp. 392-404, 438-452
(Asia)
pp. 453-67 (Africa)
pp. 468-80 (Middle
East)
pp. 481-89 (Latin
America)
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3/3
Post Cold War Europe
pp. 423-37,
March 3: Article Project: Find an article from the early 1990s on social, political or
economic issues in a post cold war European country. Use Public Affairs Information
Service database (PAIS) You may need to find the paper copy in the library if online is
not available.
3/5
“
pp. 490-512
March 5: Documents: Memory, International Justice, and Looking toward Europe’s
Future (4)
a) The Holocaust
Article: Gerd Knischewski and Ulla Spittler, “Remembering in the Berlin Republic: The
Debate about the Central Holocaust Memorial in Berlin,” Debatte: Review of
Contemporary German Affairs 13, no. 1 (Apr. 2005): 25-43. Available from Ebsco,
Academic Search Complete.
b) The Dissolution of Yugoslavia
Document: “Report of the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia” to the
United Nations General Assembly, Security Council, August 4, 2008. Available as part
of the U.N. International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia web site.
Optional: Additional annual reports to the International Criminal Tribunal for the
former Yugoslavia. Available as part of the U.N. International Tribunal for the Former
Yugoslavia web site.
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c) A new Germany?
Article: E. Gene Frankland, “Parliamentary Politics and the Development of the Green
Party in West Germany,” The Review of Politics 51, No. 3 (Summer, 1989): 386-411.
Available from JSTOR
d) A new Europe?
Article: Matthias Kaelberer. “The Euro and European Identity: Symbols: Power and the
Politics of European Monetary Union,” Review of International Studies, 30, no. 2 (Apr.
2004): 161-78. Available from Ebsco Academic Search Complete and Ohiolink.
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3/10
ESSAY DUE
3/12
Wrap-Up Discussion; Distribute take-home exam
Research Diary (3) due
3/19
TAKE HOME EXAM due
1:30 P.M.
Written Assignments for this class
A. Research Diary
Each student will prepare a Research Diary which will be submitted three times during
the quarter on the following dates: January 22, February 12 March 12. The Diary is to
include all of the following:
1) A list of all documents read up to this point.
2) A selection five of these documents, in which you will include:
a) The main subject of study
b) Title and location of the piece [web, library and call or web numbers];
c) A brief description of contents;
d) The historical significance;
e) Your own critical comments on questions raised/answered/left open by
this material.
Maximum 10 pages for each diary.
B. Research Essay: Topic due January 29; text due March 10.
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Limit: Ten pages, including notes and bibliography. Appendices (maps, charts,
Photographs, etc.) are extra
Sources: Use at least five primary sources (speeches, memoirs, newspaper articles,
photographs, letters, official messages, oral, visual sources), three scholarly articles; and
three books on your subject.
Citations: follow Chicago Manual of Style (see OSU Library Web Page)
Format: Include a cover sheet with title, your name and class.
Subject: You will choose among one of the following figures and analyse his/her role in
the diplomacy of World War II.
Asia/Pacific: Ho Chi Minh (Indochina), Sukarno (Indonesia), Jawaharlal Nehru,
Mohandas Gandhi (India), Mao Zedong (China), Hideki Tojo (Japan), Robert Menzies,
John Curtin (Australia)
Europe: Vyacheslav Molotov, Maxim Litvinov, Ilya Ehrenburg (USSR,) Charles de
Gaulle, Philippe- Henri Pétain, Pierre Laval, Jean Moulin (France), Erwin Rommel,
Albert Speer, Joachim Ribbentrop, Joseph Goebbels, Heinrich Himmler, Claus Schenk
Graf von Stauffenberg, Klaus Barbie (Germany), Eduard Beneš, Jan Masaryk
(Czechoslovakia), Władysław Sikorski (Poland), Anthony Eden, Lord Halifax (Great
Britain), Galeazzo Ciano, Primo Levi (Italy), Vidkun Quisling (Norway) Josip Broz Tito,
Milovan Djilas (Yugoslavia) Christian X, King of Denmark, Raoul Wallenberg
(Sweden), Miklos Horthy (Hungary), Boris III, King of Bulgaria, Wilhelmina, Queen of
the Netherlands, Ion Antonescu (Romania)
US: George Marshall, Harry Truman, Henry Morgenthau, Eleanor Roosevelt, W.E.B.
DuBois, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Ernie Pyle
Middle East: David Ben Gurion, Hannah Senesh, Amin al-Huseini, Grand Mufti of
Jerusalem (Palestine), Faisal II of Iraq, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, Farouk I
(Egypt)
Central/South America: Juan Peron (Argentina), Rafael Trujillo (Dominican Republic),
Fulgencio Batista (Cuba)
Style: Write a formal introduction setting forth your thesis; present your evidence in
clear, concise prose; discuss any controversy over this topic; write a conclusion that
relates your figure to World War II and its aftermath.
Be sure to proof-read your essay and avoid spelling and grammatical mistakes, repetition,
jargon, and non-scholarly prose. Do not quote without citation from your sources; do not
copy the scholarship (text or footnotes) from another writer.
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Conferences: 1) Contact Professor David Lincove ([email protected]) for technical
consultation on sources; 2) Contact Professor Fink ([email protected]) to discuss
structure, organization, methodology, and analytical questions.
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