Download 9H dgp psat week 26

Honors 9th Lit Daily Grammar/PSAT Practice #26
Verb Tenses and Forms
A verb tense expresses the time an action is performed. In English, every verb has three simple tenses and three
perfect tenses.
Tense
What is Specifies
Example
Present
Existing or happening now; action that
I always start my hike onto the glacier in the
happens repeatedly
mornings.
Past
Completed in the past
I started my hike onto the glacier this
morning.
Future
Action that will happen; formed with the
I will start my hike onto the glacier after a
helping verbs will or shall
good night’s sleep.
Present Perfect Action completed recently or in the indefinite I have started my hike onto the glacier
past; always includes one of the helping verbs many times during this trip.
have or has
Past Perfect
Action that happened before another action in I had started my hike onto the glacier by
the past; always includes the helping verb had the time the sun came up.
Future Perfect
Action that will happen before a future action I will have started my hike onto the glacier
or time; always includes the helping verbs will by the time the sun comes up.
have or shall have
 When events occur at the same time, use verbs in the same tense.
 When events do not occur at the same time, shift tenses as needed.
 Express true statements in the present tense regardless of the other verbs’ tenses in the sentence.
Every verb has four principal parts, or basic forms, that are used to create different verb tenses: the present
(base form), the past, the present participle, and the past participle.
Principal Part
Example
Present (Base Form)
I shiver when I think of how dangerous a glacier is.
Present Participle
I am shivering as I stand on this glacier.
Past
I shivered the whole time we were there.
Past Participle
I have shivered on every visit to that freezing site.
On standardized tests, you are likely to encounter sentences with verb form errors such as:
 An incorrectly formed irregular verb (ie. winned vs. won)
 Confusion between the past and past participle form of a verb (ie. have drove vs. have driven)
 Improper shift in verb tense
 Use of the preposition of rather than the helping verb have (ie. would of vs. would have)
Try it: Fix the Verb
1. We already started on our hike when it began to rain.
2. Our guide told us that the Athabasca Glacier was now about six square kilometers in size.
3. I have spoke to the ranger, who told me that the trail was muddy.
4. When I finally got home, dinner has been on the table for an hour.
Identify the sentence error. If an underlined word or phrase contains a grammatical error, choose the part that
must be changed to correct the sentence.
By the time we arrived at the campsite, I had tore my sleeve on our way down the trail.
A
B
C
D
Improve the sentence. Select the answer choice that best expresses the meaning of the underlined portion of
the original sentence.
From where we sitted, the entire avalanche came into view.
B. From where we were sitted,
C. From where we sit,
D. From where we sat,
E. From where we will be sitting,
Choose the correct verb forms and tenses:
Javair (is wearing, wears) a new red skirt that she (had bought, bought) at west end mall.
Identify parts of speech: noun, pronoun (type and case), verb (type and tense), adverb, adjective, preposition,
conjunction (type), gerund, participle, infinitive, article
javair is wearing a new red skirt that she bought at west end mall
Identify sentence parts: subject, verb (transitive or intransitive), direct object, indirect object, predicate
nominative, predicate adjective, appositive or appositive phrase, prepositional phrase (adjective or adverb),
gerund phrase, infinitive phrase, participial phrase, object of preposition, object of infinitive, object of gerund,
object of participle, objective complement, subject of infinitive
javair is wearing a new red skirt that she bought at west end mall
Identify clauses and sentence type: independent, adverb, dependent, adjective dependent, noun dependent;
simple, compound, complex, compound complex
javair is wearing a new red skirt that she bought at west end mall
Add punctuation and capitalization: end punctuation, commas, semicolons, apostrophes, underlining,
quotation marks
javair is wearing a new red skirt that she bought at west end mall
Make a practice sentence that mimics this week’s sentence. Be sure to use the same parts of speech and parts
of the sentence.